scholarly journals Prospects for using agonists and antagonists of P2 receptors in clinical ophthalmology

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Ziganshina ◽  
B A Ziganshin ◽  
A N Samoilov ◽  
A U Ziganshin
Keyword(s):  
P2 Receptors ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Corneal Wound ◽  
Clinical Point ◽  
Fluid Production ◽  
Neuronal Transmission ◽  
Stimulation Of

This literature review focuses on the role of purinergic P2-receptors in the physiology and pathophysiology of the eye, as well as on the possibilities of pharmacologic stimulation of these receptors. The most important studies from the clinical point of view on the involvement of purinergic neuronal transmission in the physiological processes have been analyzed, ranging from normal embryogenesis to cell apoptosis in age-related degenerative diseases of the eye. Data on the effect of agonists and antagonists of P2 receptors on corneal wound healing, lacrimal fluid production, regulation of intraocular pressure, neurotransmission, proliferation of glial tissue in the retina has been presented along with data on the possibilities of modulating these processes by using potential drugs acting via P2 receptors.

Information systems and the stimulation of creativity

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bawden
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Creativity ◽  
New Information ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Infor Mation

The nature of scientific creativity from the point of view of information provision is discussed, and the contributions of current information systems assessed. The changes necessary to enable 'formal' library/information channels to play a fuller part in stimulating creativity are discussed. They include: representation of information for detection of analogies, pat terns and exceptions; interdisciplinary information, and the role of reviews; creation of an information-rich environment, including peripheral material; extension of browsing capabili ties, in both printed and computerized systems; direct involve ment of information users; serendipitous use of literature; individually oriented information access; integration of infor mation systems into formal creativity stimulation techniques. The implications of new information technology, particularly for the convergence of formal and informal communication channels, are considered. The necessity for research (theoretical and practical) on these topics is pointed out. A bibliography of 103 references attempts to draw together some of the scattered relevant literature. '

scholarly journals Current and Future Role of Tyrosine Kinases Inhibition in Thyroid Cancer: From Biology to Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4951
Author(s):  
María San Román Gil ◽  
Javier Pozas ◽  
Javier Molina-Cerrillo ◽  
Joaquín Gómez ◽  
Héctor Pian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Tumor Characterization ◽  
Therapeutic Algorithm ◽  
Clinical Point

Thyroid cancer represents a heterogenous disease whose incidence has increased in the last decades. Although three main different subtypes have been described, molecular characterization is progressively being included in the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of these patients. In fact, thyroid cancer is a landmark in the oncological approach to solid tumors as it harbors key genetic alterations driving tumor progression that have been demonstrated to be potential actionable targets. Within this promising and rapid changing scenario, current efforts are directed to improve tumor characterization for an accurate guidance in the therapeutic management. In this sense, it is strongly recommended to perform tissue genotyping to patients that are going to be considered for systemic therapy in order to select the adequate treatment, according to recent clinical trials data. Overall, the aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on the molecular biology of thyroid cancer focusing on the key role of tyrosine kinases. Additionally, from a clinical point of view, we provide a thorough perspective, current and future, in the treatment landscape of this tumor.

scholarly journals Writers as Leaders of Nation: Typological Convergence of I. Franko and P. Kulish

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Yevhen Nakhlik
Keyword(s):  
State Building ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The article draws a parallel between P. Kulish’s and I. Franko’s disposition to the age-related ideological autorevision. It is argued that, experiencing evolution of the worldview and creative work, revising his own early radical social impulses caused by the ‘national radical stage’ (Franko’s definition) of liberation movement in Halychyna, mature Franko in 1896 – 1907 got closer to the views of P. Kulish, especially those of the late period of his life (1874 – 1897). Like the latter, Franko defended the right to worldview evolution and changing views. These typological coincidences consisted also in the movement from the center-left forces to the right-centered ones; the transition to the primacy of the national idea over the social one; the drastic national self-criticism and simultaneous emphasis on the nation-building and state-building; gradual reorientation from the idea of social revolutionary development of society to evolutionary progress and moderate “means and ways of acting and speaking” (as Franko called it); the warnings against admiring communist illusion, against ochlocracy; and, finally, in the focus on the leading role of the nationally conscious Ukrainian intellectuals in the liberation struggle. Ideological and formal parallels between Franko and Kulish were revealed not only in the letters and journalism, but also in Franko’s practice of grounding his works on the materials of the national, biblical and Christian history and mythology (i. e. literary historicism and mythologism, focused on the present, the future and the author’s personality; symbolic autobiography). From this point of view it is worth to compare:  “Pisnia Budushchyny” (“Song of Future”) – “Try Braty” (“Three Brothers”); “Pokhoron” (“Funeral”), “Ivan Vyshenskyi” – “Velyki Provody” (“Great Farewell Procession”), “Marusia Bohuslavka”, “Dramovana Trylohiia” (“Drama-like Trilogy”); “Moisei” (“Moses”) – “Mahomet i Khadyza” (“Muhammad and Hadiza”), “Duma-Perestoroha, Velmy na Potomni Chasy Potribna” (“Warning Refl ections that will be Needed in Future”); “Strashnyi Sud” (“The Last Judgement”) – “Kulish u Pekli” (“Kulish in Hell”); “Slavianska Oda” (“Slavic Ode”) – “Tsarski Slova” (“Royal Words”).

Computational and Experimental Progress on the Structure and Chemical Reactivity of Procyanidins: Their Potential as Metalloproteinases Inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1403-1420
Author(s):  
Ana María Mendoza-Wilson ◽  
René Renato Balandrán-Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physiological Processes

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in various physiological processes essential for living beings, but the loss of the regulatory control by endogenous inhibitors of MMPs, leads to the development of serious diseases such as cardiovascular system affections, cancer, and metastasis. For these reasons, exogenous inhibitors are required for these enzymes, which are able to control the proteolytic activity and are selective towards the different MMPs, besides properties which, from the pharmacological point of view, are necessary to be effective under physiological conditions. Based on these expectations, some bioactive compounds that are abundant in the human diet, like procyanidins (PCs) have emerged as potential exogenous inhibitors of MMPs. This review presents the advances of experimental and computational investigations carried out to date on the structure and chemical reactivity of PCs, to support the basis of their potential use as MMP inhibitors. For such purpose, specific sites among MMPs identified for a selective inhibition, the role of PCs in the regulation of MMPs by posttranscriptional mechanisms at the level of microRNAs, modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), effects on tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs), the crosslinking of PCs with the extracellular matrix proteins, as well as direct interaction between PCs and MMPs, are discussed. Methods for isolation and synthesis of PCs, as well as hydrophilicity properties, bioavailability, and susceptibility to be metabolized in oral intake, are also addressed. The information gathered in this review could additionally help to visualize future research related to this topic.

scholarly journals Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptorγin Ocular Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Zhang ◽  
Hongwei Gu ◽  
Nan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the control of a variety of physiological processes. The last decade has witnessed an increasing interest for the role played by the agonists of PPARγin antiangiogenesis, antifibrosis, anti-inflammation effects and in controlling oxidative stress response in various organs. As the pathologic mechanisms of major blinding diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), keratitis, and optic neuropathy, often involve neoangiogenesis and inflammation- and oxidative stress-mediated cell death, evidences are accumulating on the potential benefits of PPARγto improve or prevent these vision threatening eye diseases. In this paper we describe what is known about the role of PPARγin the ocular pathophysiological processes and PPARγagonists as novel adjuvants in the treatment of eye diseases.

scholarly journals The role of computer forensics in the fight against terrorism

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
Miroslav Stevanović ◽  
Dragan Đurđević
Keyword(s):  
Digital Forensics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Age Related ◽  
National Security Strategy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Networked Computing ◽  
The Republic

In this paper, the authors examine the adequacy of the counter-terrorism concept, which does not envisage institutional responsibility for collecting, processing, and fixing traces of cyber-related terrorist activities. The starting point is the fact that today numerous human activities and communication take place in the cyberspace. Firstly, the focus is on the aspects of terrorism that present a generator of challenges to social stability and, in this context, the elements of the approach adopted by the current National Security Strategy of the Republic of Serbia. In this analysis, adequacy is evaluated from the point of view of functionality. In this sense, it is an attempt to present elements that influence the effectiveness of counter-terrorism in the information age. Related to this is the specification of the role that digital forensics can play in this area. The conclusion is that an effective counter-terrorism strategy must necessarily encompass the institutional incorporation of digital forensics since it alone can contribute to the timely detection or assertion of responsibility for terrorism in a networked computing environment.

scholarly journals Heart failure and senile asthenia syndrome

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Kotovskaya ◽  
A. V. Rozanov ◽  
D. H. Kurashev ◽  
O. N. Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Point ◽  
Physiological Reserve ◽  
Reduced Mobility ◽  
Emergency Hospitalization

The role of specific approaches to the management of patients with heart failure (HF) increases steeply with increasing age, as the patients of this age need attention to geriatric problems: reduced mobility, multiple diseases and cognitive impairment. Senile asthenia is a syndrome that reflects a decline in physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to various stressors. Senile asthenia is detected in 15–74% of patients with heart failure, the prevalence depends on the method of diagnosis and the studied population. This review discusses the effects of senile asthenia, comorbidity and geriatric syndromes on diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes in elderly patients with heart failure. The detection of senile asthenia in patients with HF is important from a clinical point of view, since this condition has an adverse effect on the course of heart failure and is associated with a higher incidence of emergency hospitalization and mortality. Bodily exercises can improve mobility, and the introduction of nursing observation can enhance treatment adherence among patients.

scholarly journals Tumorigenic Aspects of MSC Senescence—Implication in Cancer Development and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Slavko Mojsilović ◽  
Aleksandra Jauković ◽  
Tamara Kukolj ◽  
Hristina Obradović ◽  
Ivana Okić Đorđević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tumor Prevention ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells

As an organism ages, many physiological processes change, including the immune system. This process, called immunosenescence, characterized by abnormal activation and imbalance of innate and adaptive immunity, leads to a state of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, termed inflammaging. Aging and inflammaging are considered to be the root of many diseases of the elderly, as infections, autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, degenerative diseases, and cancer. The role of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) in the inflammaging process and the age-related diseases is not completely established, although numerous features of aging MSCs, including altered immunomodulatory properties, impeded MSC niche supporting functions, and senescent MSC secretory repertoire are consistent with inflammaging development. Although senescence has its physiological function and can represent a mechanism of tumor prevention, in most cases it eventually transforms into a deleterious (para-)inflammatory process that promotes tumor growth. In this review we are going through current literature, trying to explore the role of senescent MSCs in making and/or sustaining a microenvironment permissive to tumor development and to analyze the therapeutic options that could target this process.

scholarly journals The metabolism and role of free fatty acids in key physiological processes in insects of medical, veterinary and forensic importance

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12563
Author(s):  
Agata Kaczmarek ◽  
Mieczysława Boguś
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Maggot Therapy ◽  
Insect Reproduction

Insects are the most widespread group of organisms and more than one million species have been described. These animals have significant ecological functions, for example they are pollinators of many types of plants. However, they also have direct influence on human life in different manners. They have high medical and veterinary significance, stemming from their role as vectors of disease and infection of wounds and necrotic tissue; they are also plant pests, parasitoids and predators whose activities can influence agriculture. In addition, their use in medical treatments, such as maggot therapy of gangrene and wounds, has grown considerably. They also have many uses in forensic science to determine the minimum post-mortem interval and provide valuable information about the movement of the body, cause of the death, drug use, or poisoning. It has also been proposed that they may be used as model organisms to replace mammal systems in research. The present review describes the role of free fatty acids (FFAs) in key physiological processes in insects. By focusing on insects of medical, veterinary significance, we have limited our description of the physiological processes to those most important from the point of view of insect control; the study examines their effects on insect reproduction and resistance to the adverse effects of abiotic (low temperature) and biotic (pathogens) factors.

scholarly journals Adjuvant Treatment in Pancreatic Cancer: Shaping the Future of the Curative Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Pappalardo ◽  
Emilio Francesco Giunta ◽  
Giuseppe Tirino ◽  
Luca Pompella ◽  
Piera Federico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Adjuvant Setting ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Treatment Scenario ◽  
Clinical Point ◽  
Localized Disease

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease even in the early stages, despite progresses in surgical and pharmacological treatment in recent years. High potential for metastases is the main cause of therapeutic failure in localized disease, highlighting the current limited knowledge of underlying pathological processes. However, nowadays research is focusing on the search for personalized approaches also in the adjuvant setting for PDAC, by implementing the use of biomarkers and investigating new therapeutic targets. In this context, the aim of this narrative review is to summarize the current treatment scenario and new potential therapeutic approaches in early stage PDAC, from both a preclinical and clinical point of view. Additionally, the review examines the role of target therapies in localized PDAC and the influence of neoadjuvant treatments on survival outcomes.

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