scholarly journals Mortality of the population of the Omsk region as a result of acute poisoning and exposure to ­toxic substances in 2009–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
A V Sabaev ◽  
O P Goleva
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Demographic Indicators

Aim. To study the dynamics of mortality rates in the Omsk region as a result of acute poisoning and toxic effects for 20092018. Methods. In the statistical processing of research materials, alternative (intensive indicators) analysis and graphical analysis methods were used, time-series parameters were calculated, time series was modelled on the basis of the approximating function using a polynomial of the 2nd degree. Results. In the Omsk region the mortality rate recorded due to acute poisoning and exposure to toxic substances decreased by 2.0 times during the survey period, including decrease in the urban population by 2.3 times and among rural residents by 1.5 times. The mortality rate of the population due to the toxic effects of alcohol and its surrogates was decreased by 2.0 times, due to narcotic substances 6.5 times, due to corrosive poisons 2.0 times, due to toxic gases 2.1 times, due to non-classified poisons 3.0 times. The dynamics of mortality as a result of drug poisoning and poisoning by industrial poisons in the region was unstable, decrease in the level of indicators by the end of the analyzed period is statistically insignificant. Since 2015, fatal cases of toxic effects of psychodysleptics based on modern modified substances with narcotic effects were recorded in the region; by the end of the study period, mortality increased by 77.0% due to this pathology, which has a statistically significant confirmation. Conclusion. With an obvious improvement in the medical and demographic indicators due to poisoning and toxic effects in the region, there are changes associated with the emergence and spread of new chemicals with narcotic effects that affect the formation of the toxicological situation in the region.

scholarly journals Contribution of Alcohol to Hypertension Mortality in Russia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. E. Razvodovsky
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Series Analysis

Background. Hypertension (HTN) is reported to be the leading contributor to premature death globally. Considerable research evidence suggests that excessive alcohol intake (binge drinking) is an independent risk factor for HTN. It was repeatedly emphasized that binge drinking is a major contributor to a high cardiovascular mortality rate in Russia.Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the aggregate-level relation between alcohol consumption and HTN mortality rates in Russia.Method. Age-standardized sex-specific male and female HTN mortality data for the period 1980–2005 and data on overall alcohol consumption were analyzed by means of ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) time-series analysis. The level of alcohol consumption per capita has been estimated using the indirect method based on alcohol psychoses incidence rate and employing ARIMA time-series analysis.Results. Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with both male and female HTN mortality rates: a 1-liter increase in overall alcohol consumption would result in a 6.3% increase in the male HTN mortality rate and in a 4.9% increase in female HTN mortality rate. The results of the analysis suggest that 57.5% of all male HTN deaths and 48.6% of all female HTN deaths in Russia could be attributed to alcohol.Conclusions. The outcomes of this study provide support for the hypothesis that alcohol is an important contributor to the high HTN mortality rate in the Russian Federation. The findings from the present study have important implications with to regards HTN mortality prevention, indicating that a restrictive alcohol policy can be considered as an effective measure of prevention in countries with a higher rate of alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals TOXICOLOGICAL SITUATION IN OMSK ACCORDING TO THE STUDY OF THE DYNAMICS OF HOSPITAL MORBIDITY OF THE POPULATION AS A RESULT OF ACUTE POISONING AND EFFECTS OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Sabaev
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Hospital Morbidity

The article is devoted to study of the dynamics of hospital morbidity of the population of Omsk as a result of acute poisoning and effects of toxic substances in 2011-2017. The data used were obtained from the summary records of the Department of acute poisoning. The mathematical processing of the material has been carried out in the recalculation of 100 thousand of the corresponding population. The statistical processing of the material used traditional methods for calculating extensive and intensive indicators, the average error of the indicator, and the reliability of differences in the indicator of the Student’s t-criteria. During the period from 2011 to 2017 in Omsk there was a decrease in the level of hospital morbidity of the population as a result of acute poisoning and exposure to toxic substances by 4.5%. The rate of hospitalization among men was significantly higher than that among the female population by an average of 3.3 times. The toxicological situation has significantly changed, manifested by a statistically significant increase in the number of poisonings with synthetic psychoactive substances, while at the same time a statistically significant decrease in the level of hospital morbidity in alcoholic, medicinal, narcotic toxic effects, poisoning with corrosive poisons, pesticides, industrial and non-lubricated poisons. Information on the dynamics of the level of hospital morbidity of the population as a result of acute poisoning and exposure to toxic substances in Omsk for the period from 2011 to 2017 allows to determine the guidelines for organizational measures in the context of medical care to victims of this pathology, as well as directions for preventive work in the field of chemical safety of the population.

scholarly journals Confirmed and Unreported COVID-19 Death Counts: An Assessment of Reporting Discrepancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazbahul G Ahamad ◽  
Fahian Tanin
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reporting Discrepancy ◽  
Death Count

Objective: We aim to assess the reporting discrepancy and the difference between confirmed and unreported COVID-19-like death counts.Study Design: The study is based on time-series data.Methods: We used publicly available data to explore the differences between confirmed death counts and deaths with Codiv-19 symptoms between March 8, 2020, and July 11, 2020, in Bangladesh.Results: During the week ending May 9, 2020, the unreported COVID-19-like death count was higher than the confirmed COVID-19 death count; however, it was lower in the following weeks. On average, unreported COVID-19-like death counts were similar to the confirmed COVID-19 death counts during the same period. However, the reporting authority neither considers these deaths nor adjusts for potential seasonal influenza or other related deaths, which might produce incomplete COVID-19 data and respective mortality rates. Conclusions: Documenting unreported deaths with COVID-19 symptoms needs to be included in provisional death counts because it is essential to estimate a robust COVID-19 mortality rate and to offer data-driven pandemic response strategies. An urgent initiative is needed to prepare an acceptable guideline for COVID-19 death reporting.

scholarly journals ESOPHAGEAL CANCER MORTALITY IN BRAZIL: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Max Moura de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Igor Pereira Bertoncini SILVA ◽  
Renato TEIXEIRA ◽  
Deborah Carvalho MALTA ◽  
Betine Pinto Moehlecke ISER
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
World Population ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In the world, around 450,000 new cases of esophageal cancer are diagnosed each year. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trend of esophageal cancer mortality rates in Brazil between 1990-2017. METHODS: A time series study using data on mortality from esophageal cancer in residents ≥30 years in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Data was estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and analyzed according to sex, age group and federal unit of Brazil. The standardized rates according to age were calculated by the direct method using the standard GBD world population. Annual average percentage change and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for mortality by Joinpoint regression. RESULTS: The age-standardized mortality rate in males was 20.6 in 1990 and 17.6/100,000 in 2017, increasing according to age, being 62.4 (1990) and 54.7 (2017) for ≥70 years. In women, the age-standardized mortality rate was 5.9 in 1990 and 4.2/100,000 in 2017. There was a reduction in mortality rates in all age groups and both sexes with great variation among the states. CONCLUSION: Despite the high mortality rates for esophageal cancer in Brazil, the trend was decreasing, but with regional differences. Mortality was around four times higher in men.

Initial Report of Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery as Sole Therapy for Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Operative and Intermediate-Term Outcome

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Harris ◽  
Avinash Reddy ◽  
Dorothee Aepplii ◽  
Betsy Wilson ◽  
Robert W. Emery
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Background: Patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CAB) with coexistent moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) have a significant mortality rate compared to patients without MR. The mortality rate is elevated both perioperatively (0%-12% mortality), as well as over a 1- and 2-year postoperative period (15%-25%). It is thought that some patients are best served by off-pump CAB (OPCAB); however, outcomes have not been reported for such patients with coexistent moderate IMR. Methods: We reviewed the independent database of patients undergoing OPCAB between 1995 and 2002 to find 989 patients, 17 (1.7%) of whom had moderate or moderately severe MR. Patients were contacted and clinical and echocardiographic data were obtained. Results: The patient group consisted of 11 men and 6 women (age, 65 15 years). The study group had a PA pressure of 52 14, creatinine of 1.6 0.7, and left ventricular ejection fraction of 43 18. Nine patients (53%) had advanced New York Heart Association (class III-IV) heart failure. Mortality rates perioperatively and at 1, 2, and 3 years were 0%, 6.25% (1/16), 12.5% (2/16), and 38% (4/8), respectively. At the time of this report, no patient had returned for a reparative procedure. Conclusion: In patients felt to be best served by OPCAB with ischemic MR, operative and intermediate mortality rates are remarkably similar to those previously reported for on-pump series. These data underscore the continued need to understand which patients undergoing CAB require mitral valve problems to be addressed at the time of surgery.

Dynamic monitoring of changes in medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from 1998 to 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

We studied the medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the last 20 years (1998–2018). A decrease in the population by 4,7 % (р<0,01) was revealed in the Russian Federation in the period 1998–2008, 3,4 % decrease, followed by its growth by 2,8 % (р<0,01); a decrease in the number of rural population in the republic and an increase in the urban population were observed. By the beginning of 2019, in comparison with the 2003 data, an increase in the population by 1.9% (р<0,01), a decrease in the number of able-bodied people in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the beginning of 2019, as compared to 1998, were revealed, by 8,2 %, in the Russian Federation – by 4,7 % (р<0,01). In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the birth rate remains high, the mortality rate is relatively low, and the natural population growth is maintained.

A CONSIDERATION ON STATISTICAL PROCESSING OF TIME SERIES SAMPLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. I_295-I_300
Author(s):  
Masataka YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Yoshihiro UTSUNOMIYA ◽  
Kunimitsu INOUCHI ◽  
Hirokazu NONAKA ◽  
Mikio HINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Statistical Processing

scholarly journals Effects of some bioinsecticides on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alime Bayindir Erol ◽  
Oktay Erdoğan ◽  
İsmail Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Verticillium Lecanii ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner

Abstract Background In this study, commercial bioinsecticides including entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Verticillium lecanii, and Spinetoram active ingredient insecticide were evaluated against the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae. Main body The active ingredients were prepared at the recommended concentrations under laboratory conditions and applied to the 2nd instar larvae of T. absoluta by spraying with a hand sprayer. On the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days of the application, evaluations were made by counting survived individuals. The findings showed that the highest mortality rates were detected in the case of Spinetoram with 56, 60, 88, and 100% on all counting days of the experiments, respectively. The highest mortality rate among bioinsecticides was recorded for M. anisopliae, with 87% mortality on the 7th day of application. Short conclusion As a result, Spinetoram was found the most effective insecticide when applied to T. absoluta, followed by M. anisopliae.

scholarly journals Long-Term Exposure to Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality Rate in Chile during 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7409
Author(s):  
Macarena Valdés Salgado ◽  
Pamela Smith ◽  
Mariel Opazo ◽  
Nicolás Huneeus
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Surface Concentration ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Background: Several countries have documented the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollutants and epidemiological indicators of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as incidence and mortality. This study aims to explore the association between air pollutants, such as PM2.5 and PM10, and the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 during 2020. Methods: The incidence and mortality rates were estimated using the COVID-19 cases and deaths from the Chilean Ministry of Science, and the population size was obtained from the Chilean Institute of Statistics. A chemistry transport model was used to estimate the annual mean surface concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in a period before the current pandemic. Negative binomial regressions were used to associate the epidemiological information with pollutant concentrations while considering demographic and social confounders. Results: For each microgram per cubic meter, the incidence rate increased by 1.3% regarding PM2.5 and 0.9% regarding PM10. There was no statistically significant relationship between the COVID-19 mortality rate and PM2.5 or PM10. Conclusions: The adjusted regression models showed that the COVID-19 incidence rate was significantly associated with chronic exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, even after adjusting for other variables.

scholarly journals Mortality in Patients with Brainstem Cavernous Malformations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Julia Velz ◽  
Marian Christoph Neidert ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Kevin Akeret ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cavernous Malformations ◽  
Patient Cohort ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
Single Center Study

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCM)-associated mortality has been reported up to 20% in patients managed conservatively, whereas postoperative mortality rates range from 0 to 1.9%. Our aim was to analyze the actual risk and causes of BSCM-associated mortality in patients managed conservatively and surgically based on our own patient cohort and a systematic literature review. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Observational, retrospective single-center study encompassing all patients with BSCM that presented to our institution between 2006 and 2018. In addition, a systematic review was performed on all studies encompassing patients with BSCM managed conservatively and surgically. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 118 patients, 54 were treated conservatively (961.0 person years follow-up in total). No BSCM-associated mortality was observed in our conservatively as well as surgically managed patient cohort. Our systematic literature review and analysis revealed an overall BSCM-associated mortality rate of 2.3% (95% CI: 1.6–3.3) in 22 studies comprising 1,251 patients managed conservatively and of 1.3% (95% CI: 0.9–1.7) in 99 studies comprising 3,275 patients with BSCM treated surgically. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The BSCM-associated mortality rate in patients managed conservatively is almost as low as in patients treated surgically and much lower than in frequently cited reports, most probably due to the good selection nowadays in regard to surgery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document