scholarly journals The influence of acizol into effects of picrotoxin, injected in rat’s neostriatum

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Аndrey F. Yakimovskii
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Conditioning ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Huntington's Chorea ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
Shuttle Box ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Intrastriatal Injection

The aim of the article. The article is devoted to investigation of of zinc donator acizol influence to rat’s behavior, broken by intrastriatal injection of GABA-A receptor antagonist picrotoxin. Materials and methods. Adult male Wistar rats with avoidance conditioning reflexes in “shuttle box” and free locomotor activity in “open field” were used. Daily microinjection of picrotoxin (2 mcg/1 mcl) bilateral into rostral neostriatum in term of 15 days were made. Zinc donator acizol was injected intraperitoneal (24 mg/kg). Results. Steady losses of avoidance conditioning and choreo-mioclonic hyperkinesis of limbs and body, similar with human Huntington’s chorea by picrotoxin were produced. Acizol is contribute to restore avoidance conditioning and to prevent the development of hyperkinesis or essentially extend latency and lover duration of it. Conclusion. With the early data obtained, there is reason to propose, that acizol, to increasing the zinc content in the body, especially in the brain, is recover damaged cognitive function and to prevent the picrotoxin-induced hyperkinesis. Acizol should be proposed as perspective drug in extrapyramidal hyperkinetic deviation treatment in human.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ZINC DONATOR ACYZOL INTO RAT'S LOCOMOTOR BEHAVIOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
A F Yakimovskii ◽  
K V Zanin
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Locomotor Behavior ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spontaneous Locomotor Activity ◽  
Shuttle Box ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Time Gap

The aim of the article. The article is devoted to investigation of zinc donator acyzol influence to spontaneous or conditioned reflex locomotor activity of the rats. Materials and methods of research. The study was performed on adult male Wistar rats. Acyzol in volume of 0.1 ml was injected intraperitoneal (24 мg/kg) twice with the time gap of three days. Parameters of spontaneous locomotor activity were evaluated in “open field”, and values of conditioned reflex behavior of avoidance were evaluated in “shuttle box”. Results. Spontaneous locomotor activity of rats (especially the number of research rearing iterations) has lowered after the first injection under the influence of acyzol soon. The realization of avoidance conditioned reflexes was worsened after the second injection of acyzol. Conclusion. There is reason to propose, that acyzol, increasing the zinc content in the body, is able to lower the locomotor activity of rats; and it has the indirect influence on the avoidance conditioned reflex behavior. It should be considered when application of acyzol as a medical, protective or tonic drug.

scholarly journals Impact of Vanadium Complexes Treatment on the Oxidative Stress Factors in Wistar Rats Plasma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Francik ◽  
M. Krośniak ◽  
M. Barlik ◽  
A. Kudła ◽  
R. Gryboś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vanadium Complexes ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of vanadium complexes on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), uric acid (UA), urea (U), and antioxidant parameters: nonenzymatic (FRAP—ferric reducing ability of plasma, and reduced glutathione—GSH) and enzymatic (glutathione peroxidase—GPx, catalase—CAT, and GPx/CAT ratio) activity in the plasma of healthy male Wistar rats. Three vanadium complexes: [VO(bpy)2]SO4⋅2H2O, [VO(4,4′Me2bpy)2]SO4⋅2H2O, and Na[VO(O2)2(bpy)]⋅8H2O are administered by gavage during 5 weeks in two different diets such as control (C) and high fatty (F) diets. Changes of biochemical and antioxidants parameters are measured in plasma. All three vanadium complexes statistically decrease the body mass growth in comparison to the control and fatty diet. In plasma GSH was statistically increased in all vanadium complexes-treated rats from control and fatty group in comparison to only control group. Calculated GPX/CAT ratio was the highest in the control group in comparison to others.

The Effect of Exposure Process of Toluene To The Spermatogonia Cell a Rattus Strain Wistar

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas Iqbal ◽  
Muchtaruddin Mansyur ◽  
Pudji Sari ◽  
Dwi Anita Suryandari ◽  
Pramudianto
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
A Cells ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Toluene Exposure ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Acute And Chronic Exposure

Intoduction: Acute and chronic exposure to toluene at high doses is known to affect all organs of the body including the spermatogenesis process. In the industrial sector, the use of toluene as a solvent is still widely used, up to 10 million tons per year. The control over health problems that may occur is carried out by applying work exposure threshold values. This research aims to explore the effect of toluene exposure at the threshold value range on spermatogenesis.Method: This research used laboratory experiment on 30 male Wistar rats which were divided into five groups of different exposure levels, namely 12.5 parts per million (ppm], 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and no exposure (control). Exposure was given for 4 hours daily over 14 days through a hood with measured release in the glass cage. The toluene exposure markers observed were Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood tissue and testicles using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) method. The effect on the spermatogenicity process was assessed by counting the spermatogonia A cells of male Wistar rats with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and is calculated by the Abercrombie formula. Analysis of the correlation between the level of exposure and its effect on the increase in malondialdehyde, and spermatogenesis was carried out using the Spearman correlation analysis.Result: There was a moderately positive correlation between levels of toluene exposure and plasma MDA levels (r = 0.42; p = 0.025). Meanwhile, on [the issue of] the quantity of spermatogonia cells, a high level of negative correlation with exposure levels was obtained (r = -0.68; p = 0.001).Conclusion: Toluene exposure in male Wistar rats within the range of threshold values influenced the increase in plasma MDA levels and decreased the Spermatogenia A cells. However, toluene exposure did not affect the testicular MDA levels of male Wistar rats.

Evaluation of Neuroendocrine and Immunological Parameters in Animals Following Chronic Combined Exposure to Xenobiotics

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
AI Smolyagin ◽  
IV Mikhaylova ◽  
EV Ermolina ◽  
AA Stadnikov ◽  
VM Boev
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Apoptotic Protein ◽  
Occupational Setting ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ifn Γ

Background: A high prevalence of chromium and benzene compounds in the environment associated with motor vehicle and industrial operations arouses interest in the study of these xenobiotics in a long-term experiment. The objective of this work was to analyze effects of a chronic combined exposure to chromium and benzene on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) and immune systems of male Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Eighty male Wistar rats were administered potassium dichromate and benzene with drinking water in doses equaling one maximum permissible concentration (MPC) during 135 days. The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thymus, and spleen were then studied using morphometric, histological, and electron microscopy methods. The streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method was used to determine the expression of pro-apoptotic protein p53 and anti-apoptotic protein bcl2. We also measured the body, thymus and spleen weights of animals, nucleated cell counts in the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow and evaluated the cellular composition of the spleen and bone marrow as well as spontaneous and concanavalin A-induced secretion of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokines by splenocytes. Results: We established an adverse effect of the exposure on the HPA function expressed in the activation of its secretory activity, blocking the release of hypothalamic neuropeptides at the level of the neurohypophysis and leading to ultrastructural damage to the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus, pituitary adenocytes and adrenal cortical cells, as well as in an increase in the programmed death of thymocytes. We also observed a decrease in the thymus weight and thymocyte counts and a complex of structural and functional changes indicating the status of its accidental involution in the exposed rats. The revealed decrease in the splenocyte count in the experimental group was accompanied by an increase in the size of the white spleen pulp. An increase in the induced production of the main immunoregulatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 by splenocytes was found. Conclusion: Our findings can be used to analyze impairments of the HPA and immune systems in workers with a chronic combined exposure to benzene and chromium compounds in the occupational setting.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Coproduct from the Sea Cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and Its Effects on Visceral Adipocyte Size in Male Wistar Rats

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Alan Ramalho ◽  
Nadine Leblanc ◽  
Marie-Gil Fortin ◽  
André Marette ◽  
André Tchernof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa ◽  
The Impact

Sea cucumbers have been shown to have potential health benefits and are a rich source of several bioactive compounds, particularly triterpenoid saponins. However, most studies concentrate on the body wall, and little is known about the health effects of the coproducts. The objectives of this study were to determine the nutritional composition of a coproduct from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and the effects of the dietary consumption of this coproduct on cardiometabolic health in rats. Chemical, biochemical, and nutritional analyses were performed to characterize this coproduct. Forty (40) male Wistar rats were then equally divided into four groups and fed a purified control diet or a diet enriched with 0.5%, 1.5%, or 2.5% (by protein) of coproduct. After 28 days of feeding, the rats were sacrificed. Body and tissue weight, body composition, epididymal adipocyte diameter, plasma and hepatic lipids, glycemia, and insulinemia were measured at the end of the 28-day experiment. Analysis of the coproduct revealed high levels of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, minerals, and saponins. The 1.5% group had significantly smaller epididymal adipocytes vs. the control. We conclude that dietary administration of this sea cucumber coproduct at 1.5% doses decreases visceral adiposity, potentially decreasing the risk of cardiometabolic dysfunction. The coproduct’s saponin content may contribute to the observed effects, but the impact of other components cannot be ruled out.

scholarly journals Cell-Free DNA Plasma Levels Differ in Age-Specific Pattern in Healthy Rats and Castrates with Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Vasilyeva ◽  
V. G. Bespalov ◽  
J. D. Von ◽  
A. L. Semenov ◽  
G. V. Tochilnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Old Rats

The purpose of this work was to study changes in the level of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the blood of young and old rats in the normal state and with induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups—young (3 months), old (20 months), intact, or with testosterone-induced BPH. Groups with BPH were subjected to surgical castration and administration of testosterone esters at a dose of 25 mg/kg for a total of 7 injections for 20 days. In intact animals, the level of cfDNA in old rats (2.00±0.14 ng/μl) was significantly higher than that in the young (1.02±0.30 ng/μl). The body and the prostate weights of old rats were 1.6 and 1.4 times larger than those of the young, without an increase in the prostate index (PI). The testosterone level in the blood of young rats was 1.6 times higher than that of old (6.20±0.93 nmol/l vs. 3.77±0.55 nmol/l; NS). In animals with BPH, the level of cfDNA in old rats (3.14±0.76 ng/μl) was significantly higher than that in young rats (0.80±0.14 ng/μl). The body and the prostate weights in old rats were 1.8 and 2.3 times larger, than those in young rats, with an increase in the PI. The level of testosterone in the blood of young (15.76±0.51 nmol/l) and old (16.99±1.1 nmol/l) rats was not significantly different. Morphological signs of BPH were observed in the prostate of both young and old rats. During the induction of BPH in the experiment, according to the level of cfDNA, cell death processes have not changed significantly in young rats but significantly increased in old rats. A similar trend was observed in the group of intact animals. The obtained data indicate that apoptosis processes are enhanced during the development of BPH despite the growth of tissues in the prostate itself.

Effect of dietary magnesium on atrial natriuretic peptide release

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (5) ◽  
pp. H1353-H1357
Author(s):  
N. L. Wong ◽  
D. C. Hu ◽  
E. F. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Peptide Release ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Magnesium ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Magnesium is the second most abundant divalent ion in the body, but the effects of this cation on atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) release have not been examined. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of magnesium on ANP secretion. Experiments were conducted in six groups of male Wistar rats. Each group was assigned a diet containing a different amount of magnesium. Plasma magnesium was 0.42 +/- 0.01, 0.63 +/- 0.01, 0.75 +/- 0.02, 0.97 +/- 0.03, 1.03 +/- 0.01, and 1.19 +/- 0.01 mM in groups I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. Plasma ANP concentration was significantly higher in the hypermagnesemic animals and significantly lower in the hypomagnesemic rats. A significant positive correlation was found between plasma magnesium and plasma ANP levels (y = 88 + 23 chi; r = 0.46; P less than 0.01). ANP concentration in the atria was lower in hypomagnesemic rats and higher in hypermagnesemic rats. This suggests that the low concentrations of ANP found in the plasma of hypomagnesemic animals were due to the lack of ANP in the atria. The atria from the various groups were isolated and perfused in a modified Langendorff apparatus to measure the rate of ANP secretion. Our results showed that the hypomagnesemic rats have a lower release rate as opposed to that seen in hypermagnesemic animals. A significant correlation was also seen between ANP secretion and tissue ANP concentration. The higher rate of ANP release from the heart of hypermagnesemic animals was due to the presence of more ANP, which was reduced during hypomagnesemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Studies on the toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of the fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal in male Wistar rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM Aboyade ◽  
MT Yakubu ◽  
DS Grierson ◽  
AJ Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal at 1, 10 and 25 mg/kg body weight was investigated in male Wistar rats for 28 days. The parameters used were the body weight of the animals and absolute weights of the organs, haematological parameters, renal and liver functional endpoints. The animals gained appreciable weight and showed no signs of clinical toxicity. The dried (DB), boiled dried (BDB), fresh (FB) and boiled fresh berry (BFB) extracts reduced (p < .05) the heart-, liver-and spleen-body weight ratio of the animals whereas that of the lung was not altered. The kidney and testes-body weight ratios were specifically altered by the different extract. All these were not accompanied by any histomorphological changes. The extracts did not alter (p > .05) the levels of RBC, Hb, PCV and albumin of the animals. The platelets were decreased by the DB and FB whereas BFB increased this parameter. The FB and BFB at all the doses also reduced the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of the animals. With the exception of the FB where the creatinine and chloride levels decreased, other extracts did not alter the level of these kidney parameters. Only FB increased the levels of uric acid and urea. All the extract decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the animal. The levels of total protein, globulin, total and conjugated bilirubin were not altered by DB and BDB whereas these indices were increased by FB and BFB. The DB and BDB increased the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity whereas FB decreased the activity of the enzyme. In contrast, DB and BDB decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of the animals whereas FB and BFB increased the activity of the enzyme. The FB and BFB also increased the levels of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus of the animals. Overall, the alterations in the biochemical parameters by the various extracts of S. aculeastrum berries at these doses indicated that the normal functioning of these organs may be adversely affected. However, drying and boiling might reduce the toxic effect of the berries.

Anxiety-related behavior in hyperhomocysteinemia induced by methionine nutritional overload in rats: role of the brain oxidative stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1074-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Hrncic ◽  
Jelena Mikić ◽  
Aleksandra Rasic-Markovic ◽  
Milica Velimirović ◽  
Tihomir Stojković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Brain

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a methionine-enriched diet on anxiety-related behavior in rats and to determine the role of the brain oxidative status in these alterations. Adult male Wistar rats were fed from the 30th to 60th postnatal day with standard or methionine-enriched diet (double content comparing with standard diet: 7.7 g/kg). Rats were tested in open field and light–dark tests and afterwards oxidative status in the different brain regions were determined. Hyperhomocysteinemia induced by methionine-enriched diet in this study decreased the number of rearings, as well as the time that these animals spent in the center of the open field, but increased index of thigmotaxy. Oxidative status was selectively altered in the examined regions. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the cortex and nc. caudatus of rats developing hyperhomocysteinemia, but unaltered in the hippocampus and thalamus. Based on the results of this research, it could be concluded that hyperhomocysteinemia induced by methionine nutritional overload increased anxiety-related behavior in rats. These proanxiogenic effects could be, at least in part, a consequence of oxidative stress in the rat brain.

Differential oxidative stress and DNA damage in rat brain regions and blood following chronic arsenic exposure

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Mishra ◽  
SJS Flora
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chronic Arsenic Exposure ◽  
The Brain

Chronic arsenic poisoning caused by contaminated drinking water is a wide spread and worldwide problem particularly in India and Bangladesh. One of the possible mechanisms suggested for arsenic toxicity is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study was planned 1) to evaluate if chronic exposure to arsenic leads to oxidative stress in blood and brain – parts of male Wistar rats and 2) to evaluate which brain region of the exposed animals was more sensitive to oxidative injury. Male Wistar rats were exposed to arsenic (50 ppm sodium arsenite in drinking water) for 10 months. The brain was dissected into five major parts, pons medulla, corpus striatum, cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. A number of biochemical variables indicative of oxidative stress were studied in blood and different brain regions. Single-strand DNA damage using comet assay was also assessed in lymphocytes. We observed a significant increase in blood and brain ROS levels accompanied by the depletion of GSH/GSSG ratio and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in different brain regions of arsenic-exposed rats. Chronic arsenic exposure also caused significant single-strand DNA damage in lymphocytes as depicted by comet with a tail in arsenic-exposed cells compared with the control cells. On the basis of results, we concluded that the cortex region of the brain was more sensitive to oxidative injury compared with the other regions studied. The present study, thus, leads us to suggest that arsenic induces differential oxidative stress in brain regions with cortex followed by hippocampus and causes single-strand DNA damage in lymphocytes.

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