scholarly journals Motores Elétricos Flex a Etanol: uma nova Era no Setor Automotivo Mundial

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Rodrigo Dos Reis ◽  
Elaine Aparecida Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Electric Motor ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Development Policies

O conceito de motores elétricos está inserido na sociedade desde meados do século XIX. O advento do petróleo e a maior eficiência do motor a combustão interna a gasolina fez com que o desenvolvimento dos elétricos permanecesse adormecido por várias décadas. Ressurgiu este conceito após a conscientização mundial sobre problemas de poluição ambiental, que os motores a combustão, movidos com petróleo e derivados trouxeram ao longo dos anos, originando a introdução de políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável, que visa eliminar a circulação de veículos com motores a combustão interna pelos países europeus nos próximos anos. Fontes alternativas de energia, como o etanol, auxilia na propulsão do motor elétrico, cuja eficiência fica comprometida em longas distâncias e em veículos de médio e grande porte. O motor elétrico híbrido flex a etanol é uma alternativa eficaz para atender aos padrões atuais de consumo, já que há muito tempo se tem o motor a combustão interna a etanol eficiente, bem como auxiliar a falta de oferta de uma ampla rede de reabastecimento de baterias elétricas, possibilitando que o consumidor possa realizar suas atividades diárias sem a preocupação com a falta de disponibilidade de eletropostos em algumas cidades do território nacional.Palavras-chave: Motor. Elétrico. Etanol. Automóveis. Híbrido.AbstractThe electric motors concept has been inserted in the society since the mid-nineteenth century. The oil advent and the internal gasoline-fueled engine increased efficiency meant that the electric cars development had remained dormant for several decades. This concept emerged after global awareness of the environmental pollution problems caused by oil-derived combustion engines, which led to the introduction of sustainable development policies to eliminate the vehicles circulation with internal combustion engines by European countries in the next years. Alternative energy sources, such as ethanol, help propel the electric motor, whose efficiency is compromised over long distances and in medium and large vehicles. The ethanol-flex hybrid electric motor is an effective alternative to meet current consumption standards, since the engine has long been the fuel-efficient domestic ethanol, as well as adi the lack of supply of a wide network of battery replenishment making it possible for the consumer to carry out his or her daily activities without worrying about the lack of electricity availability in some cities of the national territory.Keywords: Motor. Electric. Ethanol. Automobiles. Hybrid.

PELLETS AS AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCE FOR CAR

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Милюкова ◽  
A. Milyukova ◽  
Спиридонов ◽  
V. Spiridonov ◽  
Сиваков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Alternative Energy Source

The article deals with the application of pellets as an alternative fuel for the automotive gasifier. In internal combustion engines as fuel it is possible to use producer gas generated by gasifier operating on wood waste (pellets). Cars running on wood gas (also called gas cars), though losing its elegance in appearance, but very effective in terms of environmental friendliness and can be with electric cars.

scholarly journals FIRE EXTINGUISHING AND OTHER URGENT WORK IN ELECTRIC CARS

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
O. V. Lazarenko ◽  
O. D. Synelnikov ◽  
I. M. Bykov ◽  
A. S. Kuskovets
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Scientific Results

The development of modern technologies simultaneously with the improvement of the conditions of human existence creates additional risks that had been solved to ensure the safety and comfortable conditions of people's stay. One of these areas of human development is the gradual transition to alternative energy sources and modes of transport, including electric vehicles. Modern versions of electric vehicles, by their tactical and technical characteristics, practically do not concede cars with engines of internal combustion, but the research shows that from the point of view of fire safety and tactics of firefighting, the batteries of electric cars require some other approaches and algorithms for carrying out of emergency rescue works. Considering the modern experience and experimental results of research on the tactics of firefighting of electric vehicles, it turned out that the normative intensity of water supply (aqueous solutions) should be increased and make not less than 1,2 l/(c·m2). An increase in the normative intensity of water supply requires the fire-extinguishing chief to ensure in advance the uninterrupted supply of the extinguishing agent to the fire brigade, necessarily installing a tanker truck on a fire hydrant or reservoir. The specificity of the extinguishing of electric cars also shows the ineffectiveness of the use of a fire-extinguishing agent of air-mechanical foam and the necessity of compulsory dismantling of the battery pack of an electric vehicle after the elimination of the fire. The main results of the work are summarized in the general list of the algorithm of actions of the fireextinguishing chief after his arrival at the place of the emergency related to the ignition of electric vehicles. Compliance by the fire-extinguishing chief of the given algorithm of action will minimize the risks for the personnel of the rescue unit and accelerate the elimination of the fire. Accordingly, to the analysis and scientific results, the future directions of scientific research should be aimed: at improving the algorithm of action and tactics of elimination the fire of electric cars, the development of technical devices for extinguishing the battery of electric cars, the development of automatic fire extinguishing of electric cars, the development of more effective fire extinguishing means for extinguishing the rechargeable battery of electric cars.

Environmental aspects of the use of lubricating oils and alternative energy sources on the way to improve transport sector of the world economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
V.A. Zolotov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World

The article presents some features of new technologies in the field of improving transport and its inherent environmental aspects of the use of lubricating oils and alternative energy sources in modern conditions of development of the global economy. Transport enjoys a predominant share in the consumption of lubricants in the world market and in fact about 57 % of the world production volume is used in this sector of the economy. In accordance with global trends, the design development of traditional reciprocating internal combustion engines is carried out in conjunction with the development and implementation of environmental requirements for them in the largest economies in the world - European Union standards (Euro-7), India (Bharat Stage VI - the equivalent of Euro-6 standard) and China (China 6 is a more stringent version of the Euro-6 standard), aimed at reducing exhaust emissions. Actual additions to the SAE J300 classification include relatively low kinematic viscosity of oils, which allows engine manufacturers to meet the requirements of environmental standards that regulate emission of particles with exhaust gases and fuel economy - reducing fuel consumption. The advent of electric vehicles is having an increasing impact on transport and energy infrastructure. This long-term trend will also affect the manufacturing sector, where demand for traditional lubricants is expected to decline. The transport market today is making progress towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions and increasing fuel economy. Despite this, further investments by the automotive industry in improving the design of piston engines around the world are declining, and the supply of new engines for car manufacturers after 2021 is predictably reduced.

scholarly journals Modeling of failures of the starter electric motor

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 00006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Puzakov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Motor ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
In Series ◽  
Electrical Faults

Failures of automotive starters make it impossible to reliably start internal combustion engines, which, under adverse circumstances, may cause a risk of road traffic accidents. A significant part of starter failures is associated with electrical faults in electric motors. The occurrence and development of failures causes a change in the torque produced by the starter. A mathematical model of the starter’s performance dependant from the magnitude of the electrical resistance of its windings was developed. Physical modeling of failures was carried out using an adjustable active resistance connected in series and parallel to the armature winding. Critical values of electrical resistance correspond to an open and short circuit of the armature winding of the starter electric motor, and, consequently, to starter failure. The results obtained are instrumental to the development of a diagnostics method for automotive starters without removing them from the motor.

scholarly journals Expected Impacts of the Massive Increase in Electric Vehicles in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8945
Author(s):  
Jozef Živčák ◽  
Jaroslava Kádárová ◽  
Michal Puškár ◽  
Michaela Kočišová ◽  
Laura Lachvajderová
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Alternative Drive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Emission Limits

Society and the government perceive alternative propulsions as a way out of a world of high emissions. For several years now, European countries have been trying to enforce various strategic plans in which they give maximum support to electromobility. Subsidies and emission limits for car manufacturers or strategic plans for the development of electromobility in each European country are only a small part of the enormous support for the development of this new alternative drive. However, questions arise in the energy and ecology sectors: Is Slovakia ready to increase the number of electric vehicles? Will Slovakia have enough energy sources? Are electric cars really as clean as they are presented? The article focuses on these issues and, through detailed analysis, based on individual annual reports of each sector, refutes or confirms the fact that electromobility is a promising alternative and a replacement for internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals Developing the model of normal operation of starter motor traction relays

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 05039
Author(s):  
Andrey Puzakov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Magnetomotive Force ◽  
Diagnostic Parameters ◽  
Starter Motor ◽  
Voltage Loss

Malfunction of motor starter traction relays cause the impossibility of the reliable start of internal combustion engines which, if the worst comes to the worst, can create the risk of traffic accident occurrence. Electric resistances of traction relay coils are structural and diagnostic parameters at the same time. Emergence and development of failures causes the change of magnetomotive force generated by the traction relay coils. Critical values of electric resistances correspond to failures of traction relay coils, i.e., inability to perform the built-in functions. The developed mathematical model of traction relay normal operation includes the amount of effort generated and voltage loss on contacts as controlled values for the drive mechanism and the starter electric motor, respectively. The results obtained contribute to the development of the method of motor-and-tractor starter diagnostics without removing it from the engine.

The Practical Design of Turbocharger Turbines Using a Throughflow-Based Optimisation Process

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham D. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Choice Of Major ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Selection Of

The modern trends in automotive turbocharger applications are towards the boosting of smaller internal combustion engines and more advanced systems including two-stage, turbo-compounding and hybrid electric-motor assist. Off-the-shelf turbochargers will become a smaller share of the market and the choice of major parameters for the compressor and turbine, e.g. speed and diameter, will fall outside of the manufacturer’s knowledge base. The selection of the compressor and turbine may even be independent. The only certainty is that the turbomachinery will have to be small, cheap and efficient. To provide some guidance to the turbine designer, this paper presents the results of a study in which practical designs have been generated to cover the range of conceivable parameters, presented in non-dimensional terms to provide general applicability. All the designs are generated using a throughflow-based optimisation system in which the candidate geometries are assessed against mechanical as well as aerodynamic and inertia targets. Analysis of the results gives clues to the form of the basic empiricism that would be of use in the preliminary design of automotive turbocharger turbines.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENT ELECTROMECHANICAL SOIL TREATMENT SYSTEM BASED ON ELECTRIC MOTORBLOCK

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ihor Nazarenko ◽  
Oleksandr Kovalov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Traction Motor ◽  
Soil Structures

In Ukraine, the number of farms, private land users and protected soil structures has increased significantly in recent years. To increase the efficiency of vegetable production, small-sized mobile units in the form of motoblocks with internal combustion engines of domestic and foreign production have been widely used. However, during the operation of mobile units with internal combustion engines in greenhouses and hotbeds, the noise level and air pollution increase, which negatively affect not only people but also plants. The disadvantages of motoblocks with internal combustion engines should also include a fairly high specific consumption of liquid fuel, which has a high cost, difficulties in starting and stopping the unit, as well as the relatively low reliability of the internal combustion engine. More promising for work in protected soil structures are mobile units with traction motors, called electric motors, as environmentally friendly units that do not have these shortcomings. The main technical characteristics of the experimental sample of a small-sized electrified soil-cultivating motoblock are given in the work. The structural scheme of the power energy channel of the electric motor unit is substantiated, which clearly demonstrates the processes of energy conversion in it. The equation of energy balance of the electric motor unit and the main energy ratios that determine the properties of the traction motor in the drive of the electric motor unit are obtained. The algorithm of optimal control of a direct current traction motor by the maximum efficiency for direct current motors of serial and mixed excitation is substantiated. The results of field tests of the prototype of the electric motor unit are presented. The analysis of the obtained results of experimental researches of the electrified tillage motor-drive driven by the direct current motor of sequential excitation testifies to the reduction of specific energy consumption for the main types of tillage by 12-15%.

Development of alternative energy of Ukraine in the context of energy and environmental security of the state.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
I. PRYDATKO ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Kollarov ◽  
N. TYUTYUNNYK ◽  
D. KARDASH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Electric Cars

Increased greenhouse gas emissions, climate change; loss of diversity of fauna and flora, depletion of mineral deposits, accumulation of huge volumes of industrial waste, increasing risks of shortages of some types of energy has led to the development and reaching new levels of renewable energy in many countries, mainly with strong economies. To date, a number of EU countries have virtually abandoned traditional nuclear energy, virtually curtailed fuel energy using nonrenewable fossil resources, and are working hard to develop new energy-saving technologies. In Ukraine, there is a similar tendency to reduce the production of electricity from thermal power plants and increase the share of renewable energy in total production. Unfortunately, in 2020 the structure of electricity production in Ukraine has changed and does not correspond to global trends in energy development. The share of electricity generation at TPPs has increased significantly, and the share of cleaner and cheaper NPP generation has decreased to 40%. There are a number of reasons for this, but we consider it urgent to return to the process of reducing TPP generation capacity. The dynamics of renewable energy development in the country is quite positive. Additional measures are also needed to ensure the safety of nuclear energy - to finally eliminate dependence on Russian fuel. Many countries have decided to abandon cars with internal combustion engines altogether. In Ukraine, the market for electric cars is also developing and the demand for such cars is growing every month. We are among the top 5 countries in terms of market development dynamics. The development of car designs with so-called "nuclear batteries" cannot be ruled out. There are many such technologies, but all of them are currently unfinished and limited in the use of security issues. It is necessary to stimulate the development of hydrogen and electric transport in our country at the legislative level. And last but not least: in order to form a philosophy of ecological consumption among the citizens of Ukraine, it is necessary to develop appropriate government programs, introduce them in education, science and industrial production

scholarly journals Electric vehicle vs. internal combustion car in the smart city concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Adrian Śliwa
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Electro Mobility ◽  
Occupancy Rates

Replacing traditional internal combustion cars with electric vehicles is one of the most important aspects of the concept of electro-mobility which means environmentally friendly and clean transport. Such means of passenger transport logically fit in with the Smart City concept, as theoretically they could create opportunities for reducing traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions. The presented research results are an attempt to verify this hypothesis based on the opinions collected in a survey randomly conducted on users of two types of automobiles with electric and internal combustion engines. The results of the survey are not unambiguous since the development of electromobility is not supported by higher occupancy rates in electric cars and their more frequent use on short distances, but the argument for promoting them is their better operating and economic performance.

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