The Scope of Legal Protection of Documents and the Security System of Public Documents in the Polish Legal Regulations

Abstract Introduction. To work safely, knowledge of law is crucial for midwives who should be familiar with the midwife’s rights and duties as well as their professional responsibility. Aim. Assessment of knowledge of midwives about their professional responsibility. Material and methods. A total of 103 MA Midwifery students of the Medical University of Warsaw, including 55 working and 48 not working as midwives. A diagnostic poll, original anonymous questionnaire, 25 close-ended questions, 8 openended questions. Statistical analysis: STATISTICA 10.0, Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.05. Results. Seventy-one percent of the study participants had knowledge of the binding provisions of law and 83% considered this kind of knowledge as necessary in their professional activity. Twenty-four percent of the total did not know any legal regulations. Thirty percent was not familiar with the Nurses and Midwives Act. Only 52% of the study participants were knowledgeable about the legal protection of midwives and indicated the protection established for public officers. Forty-six percent of the total said that the Act on Professional Self-Government of Nurses and Midwives of July 1st, 2011 regulates the issue of self-governance. As many as 30 study participants knew that membership in the self-governing body of midwives is obligatory. Conclusions. Knowledge of nurses about professional responsibility under amended provisions of law is insufficient and does not improve with experience as a midwife. Due to the fact that new acts on professional responsibility of midwives were implemented in Poland beginning in January 1st, 2012, it is advisable to extend qualifications and knowledge of midwives in order to improve their knowledge of professional issues. Midwives should constantly update their knowledge of legal regulations on their profession

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Ochrona prawna tradycyjnej wiedzy rolniczej dotyczącej zasobów genetycznych

Studia Iuridica Lublinensia ◽

10.17951/sil.2020.29.2.25-36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Paweł Gała

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Property ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Genetic Resources ◽

Traditional Knowledge ◽

Intellectual Property Rights ◽

Modern Science ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

Legal Norms ◽

Living Organisms

<p>Traditional knowledge, including genetic resources of living organisms, especially plants, plays an extremely important role also in the development of modern science and present-day industry. This prompts us to consider the need, scope, and model of legal protection for such knowledge, both for the needs of the communities that create and cultivate it and for the wider public good. The present article includes an analysis of international legal regulations concerning the protection of traditional knowledge, with particular emphasis on the knowledge related to genetic resources, as well as legal works in this field. The considerations cover issues related to the development of the conceptual framework of such legal norms and the foundations of the legal protection of traditional knowledge, in particular the arguments concerning the need for such protection. The article also presents the basic types of intellectual property rights that can be the basis for legal protection of traditional knowledge.</p>

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Legal Issues in The Implementation of National Social Security System on Labour in Indonesia

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20185403019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 03019

Author(s):

Tedi Sudrajat ◽

Siti Kunarti ◽

Abdul Aziz Nasihuddin

Keyword(s):

Social Security ◽

Social Insurance ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Social Security System ◽

Security System ◽

Safety Assurance ◽

The Social ◽

The Government ◽

Social Security Benefits

The Social Security System in Indonesia has been regulated by the government, and the program is managed by an agency called Social Insurance Administration Organization (BPJS). Associated with the existence of social security functions for workers, its practice presents a gap between what is expected and what is regulated. For this reason, it is therefore necessary to examine, firstly, what kind of legal protection of workers is covered by this national social security system managed in BPJS program and, secondly, what constraints are encountered in its implementation. This research is Juridical Normative one, with normative qualitative data analysis. The research finds that the social security is correlated not only with the welfare of employees who are assessed by the level of wages provided by the organization, rather it is also correlated with other factors in the form of health and safety assurance. In the broader context, social welfare is measured not only when the person is at work and gets social security benefits, rather the measure of his welfare is also applicable when the worker is not working and/or when they retire. On the basis of these, the social security program is an integral aspect of social security to which the government should give a legal protection.

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LEGAL REGULATIONS IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 1944-1989 IN TERMS OF CULTURAL SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

Journal of Science of the Gen Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military Academy of Land Forces ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.7221 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 186 (4) ◽

pp. 88-102

Author(s):

Tomasz LANDMANN

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

Structural Transformation ◽

Scientific Method ◽

Legal Status ◽

Legal Protection ◽

The Political ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

Heritage Protection ◽

Social Distribution

The article attempts to analyze the meaning of legal regulations developed in the field of cultural heritage protection in the years 1944-1989. It has been argued that these years were markedly different in terms of law in the sphere of cultural heritage protection than the period between 1918 and 1939 analyzed by the author in another article. The author decided to refer to legal acts and literature in the form of elaborations and magazines in the field of monuments protection. The specificity of the chosen subject and problem required the choice of a scientific method in the form of legal acts analysis, supported by literature review. The presented information shows that the period between 1944 and 1989 was characterized by a different approach of the Polish authorities towards the issue of cultural heritage protection in comparison to the years 1918-1939. The mentioned protection had an instrumental character and was one of the political-ideological tools influencing the society. Furthermore, the growth of legal protection of cultural assets in the age of the PRL took place in the conditions of centralized administration that adopted the idea of social distribution of many such assets, which led to devastation of numerous immovable monuments and sometimes also the antique furnishings. All the introduced legal regulations required a thorough change and redefinition of the legal status after the political-structural transformation of 1989.

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The meaning of intellectual property right in the fashion industry

Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne ◽

10.19195/1733-5779.35.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 155-172

Author(s):

Aleksandra Guss

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Intellectual Property ◽

Intellectual Property Rights ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Intellectual Property Right ◽

The Internet ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

Fashion Industry ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Fast Pace

The fashion industry is characterized by a fast pace of changes and very dynamic development. Designers annually introduce several collections, each of them containing a few dozen silhouettes, which makes it extremely difficult to provide effective legal protection for their projects. In effect designs reminiscent of those presented on the catwalk appear, which currently, in the era of the Internet and social media, is happening quickly, often even before designer collections go on sale. Due to the lack of legal regulations created specifically for the fashion industry, this industry derives protection primarily from intellectual property rights. The article aims to present the significance of this branch of law for the fashion industry, as well as possible protection measures.

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Postępowanie w sprawach gospodarczych. Nowe rozwiązania prawne

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Seria Prawnicza. Prawo ◽

10.15584/znurprawo.2020.29.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 13-26

Author(s):

Aneta Arkuszewska ◽

Keyword(s):

Legal Protection ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

Conflict Of Laws ◽

Main Assumption ◽

Natural Person ◽

Formal Requirements

The purpose of the publication is to familiarize new and at the same time key legal regulations, the main assumption of which is optimization and ensuring faster and more effective recognition of economic matters, as well as guaranteeing legal protection for non-entrepreneurs and the so-called small entrepreneurs. The article presents legal solutions that are intended to serve the above purposes, i.e. a conflict of laws rule that resolves conflicts that may occur at the interface between commercial proceedings and other separate proceedings, new formal requirements for the application and the first defendant’s pleading, temporal limits for the transfer of an economic and non-economic case to a competent court and the possibility of bypassing the provisions on economic proceedings in a situation where the party to the dispute is not the entrepreneur or the entrepreneur is a natural person.

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PRODUK MAKANAN TIDAK SESUAI SPESIFIKASI BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN

Yustitia ◽

10.31943/yustitia.v7i1.134 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 121-135

Author(s):

Saefullah Yamin ◽

Sari Arta Uli Sihaloho

Keyword(s):

Rule Of Law ◽

Consumer Protection ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Food Products ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

The Rule Of Law ◽

Consumer Rights ◽

Library Research ◽

Good Food

Consumer Protection is a form of legal protection given to consumers in their efforts to meet their needs from things that can harm the consumers themselves. Therefore, talking about consumer protection means questioning guarantees or assurances about the fulfillment of consumer rights. In the legal field, this term is still relatively new, especially in Indonesia, while in developed countries consumer protection is discussed along with the development of industry and technology. In this study formulate the problem of how the legal protection of consumers for defective food products and how the responsibility of business actors for defective food products. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with data collection techniques through library research, both primary legal materials, namely reference books and regulations related to consumer protection, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal regulations. The purpose of this study is to find out how the legal protection of consumers for defective food products and describe how the responsibility of business actors for defective food products. The theory used in this study uses the rule of law theory and the theory of legal protection. In this study, it can be concluded that consumers' rights are protected against products that are not in accordance with what they should be. In the case of sausages containing maggots, it is hoped that business actors or PT. So Good Food compensates for losses and improves quality control in producing its products.

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Protection of Individuals in the light of EU Regulation 2016/679 on the Protection of Natural Persons with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of such Data

Safety & Defense ◽

10.37105/sd.86 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 63-74

Author(s):

Mirosław Tokarski

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Large Scale ◽

Personal Data ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Social Needs ◽

Free Movement ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

The European Union ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Eu Regulation

The process of establishing normative acts in the European Union does not occur out of nowhere, but in the context of specific social needs. That was the case of the genesis of establishing legal regulations regarding the protection of personal data in the European Union. Socio-economic integration, which resulted from the functioning of internal market in the European Union, has led to a significant increase in cross-border transfers of personal data. It led to situation in which various economic operators or state institutions of the Member States have increasingly processed the personal data of the EU citizens. Within time, these data have become an equally valuable commodity - not to say even more valuable – compared to goods and services (Costa-Cabral, and Lynskey Orla, 2017, p. 11). Making use of personal data on a large scale especially by public and private entities, associations and companies over time has posed a threat to the security of personal data. This has made it necessary to introduce legal protection measures for personal data in the European Union that would eliminate the negative effects of any form of personal data processing. The purpose of this article is to evaluate legal regulations regarding legislative protection of personal data in the European Union against the background of EU Regulation 2016/679 of the European Parliament and the Council with respect to the protection of individuals due to processing personal data, its free movement and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (hereinafter referred to as Regulation 2016/679). Due to initially adopted purpose of the considerations there arose a problem which was formulated in the form of a question: Do the legal measures introduced by the Regulation constitute an effective tool for the protection of personal data in the event of a violation of the law by personal data administrators and entities while processing such data? The presented purpose of the considerations and the research problem determined the order of the analysis.

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Urgensi Pembentukan Undang-Undang Fintech Di Indonesia: Harapan Dan Realita Di Era Pandemic Covid-19

SASI ◽

10.47268/sasi.v27i4.581 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 532

Author(s):

Didik Irawansah ◽

Wardah Yuspin ◽

Ridwan Ridwan ◽

Nasrullah Nasrullah

Keyword(s):

Consumer Protection ◽

Financial Services ◽

Research Method ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

Significant Development ◽

Legal Problems ◽

Library Studies ◽

Research Findings

The growth of Fintech in Indonesia is very rapid, this condition is directly proportional to the legal problems that arise, the legal policy of regulation and protection of Fintech is still focused on the OJK, while the OJK still has many weaknesses in the implementation of supervision and protection of fintech activities, especially in the era of the covid pandemic. -19. The purpose of this study, first, by outlining the legal regulations issued by Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority regarding fintech in Indonesia by looking at the legal weaknesses so that it is important to establish the Fintech Law. second, the urgency of the establishment of a fintech law on fintech consumer protection in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the importance of this research is that it will explain the development of the fintech industry in Indonesia, especially during the Pandemic, where the fintech industry experienced significant development so that this is an idea to provide a clear legal framework for the fintech industry. The research method used is normative juridical using library data and observations of fintech developments through library studies. Research findings show that so far fintech in Indonesia has used regulations contained in the POJK and PBI as the basis for implementing fintech, although it is felt that the regulations issued by POJK and PBI have not been able to provide maximum legal protection for the implementation of the fintech industry. so it is necessary to establish a law in order to provide legal protection for the development of the fintech industry now and in the future.

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Analisis Yuridis Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah Terdaftar Atas Nama Anak Yang Bersumber Dari Nominee Akta (Studi Putusan Nomor: 433K/PDT/2016)

Recital Review ◽

10.22437/rr.v2i2.9538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 22-38

Author(s):

Muhammad Takkas Siregar

Keyword(s):

Legal Status ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Limited Liability ◽

Legal Regulations ◽

Financial Loss ◽

Land Title ◽

Wide Range ◽

Research Problems ◽

Negative Impacts

Nominee Arrangement drafted by a Notary has quite wide range of usage because it contains authority. Nominee is principally an agreement that is not assertively specifically regulated, but in practice, it is used as an agreement with name borrowing which existence frequently brings negative impacts and financial loss to all parties if its deed is proceeded. The objective of this research was to analyze the legal regulations related to notarial deed drafting categorized into deed of nomination, the legal status of the land title registered with the name of a child mentioned in a nominee deed, and the Verdict of the Supreme Court Number 433K/Pdt/2016. Normative juridical research method is employed with descriptive analysis. The data are collected through library study. The research problems are about the land title ownership sourced from nominee or name borrowing. The legal regulations on notarial deeds that are categorized into deed of nomination causes many legal problems in practice; thus, the practice of nominee arrangement has to be made with a supporting agreement to build legal relationship among all parties, that the legal smuggling seems legitimate and has legal ground. The results demonstrate that the usage of nominee concept in land ownership is aimed at protecting the confidentiality of the true owner’s name and identity from public and government. The legal status of deed of nomination is not specifically regulated, but the Law on Capital Market and Law on Limited Liability Companies stipulate regulations on nominee. The analysis result of this verdict is that the judges should be more conscientious in analyzing, deciding, and pronouncing the verdict by involving competent experts; it can be made guidance to make decision. The ruling issued by a court reflects a just legal protection for all disputed parties in Indonesia.

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