scholarly journals Morpho-Physiological Response and Production Potential of Promising Mungbean Cultivars under Varying Planting Dates

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 742-750
Author(s):  
Abdul Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Minor Crops ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Optimization of planting dates under any climatic conditions is pre-requisite to improve the yield and quality of the major and minor crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of various mungbean cultivars for morpho-physiological and yield traits under different planting dates. In this pot study twenty mungbean cultivars (MGP-17, DM-D4, C5/95-3-31, C6/95-3-8, 5-63-94, TM-1407, MGP-01, NM-11, MGP-41, 5-63-1, MGP-16, NM20-21, MUNG-88, NM-121-25, RAMZAN, NM-2016, NM-19-19, 1099, NM-51 and NM13-1) were planted on July 01 and August 01. Results revealed that various planting dates significantly affected all the attributes, however, genotypic variation was observed among the cultivars. Delayed planting reduced the stand establishment attributes as mean germination time (1.90%), germination index (3.10%), final germination percentage (7.34%), seedling growth including shoot length (14.88%), root length (23.31%), number of leaves (23.04%), leaf area (5.74%) and number of nodules (13.02%). Likely, gas exchange traits including photosynthetic rate (15.71%), transpiration rate (17.09%), sub-stomatal CO2 concentration (2.39%), stomatal conductance (30.56%), SPAD chlorophyll contents (7.42%) and water use efficiency (3.28%) were also reduced. Among morphological traits, various planting dates also reduced the number of pods per plant (5.04%), length of the pod (5.69%), number of grains per pod (28.68%) and 1000-grains weight (7.05%). Differential responses of all the mungbean cultivars were observed for all the pragmatic traits. Delayed planting significantly reduced the morpho-physiological and yield attributes of all mungbean cultivars. However, two mungbean cultivars (NM-121-25 and NM-2016) relatively performed better with minimum reductions in growth, yield and physiological attributes even in delayed planting while the DM-D4 and TM-1407 were found to be the most sensitive in delayed planting than other tested cultivars. Therefore, mungbean cultivars NM-121-25 and NM-2016 can be sown in late sown conditions to get higher yield. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Chloride salts inhibit emergence and seedling growth of chickpea rather than germination

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdi Özaktan ◽  
Cemalettin Yasar Çiftçi Çiftçi ◽  
Mehmet Demir KAYA ◽  
Sati Uzun ◽  
Oguzhan Uzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Chloride Salts ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars

The effects of chloride salts (NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2) with the same electrical conductivity (EC) values on germination, emergence, seedling growth and Cl content of seedling in chickpea cultivars (Akçin 91, Aziziye, Gökçe, Inci, Iºýk-05 and Yaºa-05) were investigated. The EC values of the chloride salts were adjusted to 4, 8 and 16 dS m-1 and the distilled water was served as control. Germination percentage, mean germination time, radicula and plumula lengths, fresh and dry radicula and plumula weight, chloride (Cl-) content of seedling in germination test, and seedling length, fresh and dry seedling weight in emergence test were measured. The results revealed that increasing salt doses caused a significant reduction in parameters of all cultivars. The dose of 16 dS m-1 from each salt was found to be lethal. Cl- content of seedling was increased from 0.05 ppm in control to 4.10 ppm in 16 dS m-1; resulting in decreasing germination, emergence and seedling growth. The cultivar Aziziye presented better performance and gave higher emergence rates in NaCl, while Iºýk-05 in CaCl2 and Gökçe in MgCl2; indicating that there was a genotypic variation towards different salt sources. It was concluded that emergence and seedling growth were severely influenced by increasing salinity without changing germination and emergence was not possible at 16 dS m-1.

scholarly journals Pre-sowing Seed Treatment with Organic and Inorganic Treatments on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributes of Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Variety (Pusa-362)

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
H. G. Harshitha ◽  
Abhinav Dayal ◽  
Prashanth Kumar Rai ◽  
Neha Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Sowing Seed

The field experiment entitled “Pre-sowing seed treatment with organic and inorganic treatments on growth, yield and yield attributes of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”variety (Pusa-362) was conducted during rabi at Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India during 2020 - 2021. The experiment consisted of 13 treatments which was laid in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Results revealed that seeds treated with T9 (vermiwash 6% solution) recorded maximum values in growth parameters viz., germination percentage at 4,7,14 DAS with 10.833%, 44.17, 74.17%, plant height at 30, 60, 90 DAS with 16.60, 41.00, 53.80 cm Days to flowering (74.67 days), number of branches 6.93 branches per plant, number of pods per plant with 36.10 pods per plant, number of seeds 52.30 seeds per plant and pod weight per plant with 24.49 gm. Similar results were observed in yield parameters where highest seed yield per plant was observed in T9 (vermiwash 6% solution) with 30.35 gm and seed yield per plot 171.7 gm.

scholarly journals Effect of sowing dates and varieties for higher productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 883-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinaw Kumar Singh ◽  
Hanumant Singh ◽  
O.P. Rai ◽  
Ghanshyam Singh ◽  
Ved Prakash Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Mustard Crop ◽  
Main Plot

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad during the Rabi season of 2011-12 to access the effect of sowing dates and varieties for higher productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Treatments consisted of four dates of sowing viz. D1 (25th September), D2 (5th October), D3 (15th October) and D4 (25th October) was kept as main plot and five varieties viz.V1 (Rohini), V2 (Maya), V3 (Coral-437), V4 (Kranti) and V5 (PBR-357) was kept as sub plot replicated three under split plot design. Results revealed that all the growth, yield attributes and quality were increased significantly under 25th October sowing. The agronomical parameters like initial plant stand per running meter, plant height (cm), days taken to 50 % flowering, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation (g plant-1) and yield and yield attributes like number of siliquae plant-1, number of seed siliqua-1, length of siliqua (cm) and seed, stover yields (q ha-1) of mustard crop were significantly higher with variety Coral-437. The highest seed yield oil content % was computed under 25th October sowing with Coral-437 variety. 25th October sowing with Coral-437 variety proved the most remunerative and economically feasible for cultivation of Indian mustard under the agro climatic conditions of eastern U.P.

Effect of Seed Invigouration on Yield Enhancement in Grain Cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju B Raj ◽  
Sheeja K Raj ◽  
K . Prathapan ◽  
N. V Radhakrishnan ◽  
O. Kumari Swadija
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Field Emergence

Field experiment was conducted at Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram with an objective to assess the effect of seed invigouration with zinc sulphate and borax on grain cowpea and to evaluate its effect along with Trichoderma viride on field emergence, growth, yield attributes and yield of the crop. Field emergence percentage was significantly influenced by seed invigouration and an enhancement in the germination percentage of 20.54 to 27.79 was observed compared to control. Seed priming with ZnSO4 @ 0.05 % for 4h recorded higher values of the growth attributes viz., green leaves per plant, branches per plant and dry matter production per plant. Yield attributes viz., pods per plant, pod weight per plant, pod length, pod girth and seed yield ha-1 were recorded the highest in seeds primed in ZnSO4 @ 0.05% for 4 h. Net returns and B: C ratio were also found to be the highest in the treatment, seed priming with ZnSO4@ 0.05 % for 4 h. Hence it can be concluded that, seed priming with ZnSO4 0.05% for 4 h can be recommended for better plant establishment, higher seed yield and net returns in grain cowpea.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Liquid Organic Manures on Growth, Yield and Quality in Oriental Pickling Melon under Organic Farming in Kerala

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Vemaraju Ala ◽  
K. E. Usha ◽  
P. Venkataramanaiah
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Matter Production

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the liquid formulations for production of organic oriental pickling melon (Cucumis melo var. conomon L.) was carried out at College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur during 2013- 2014. Among the liquid formulations, weekly foliar application of Jeevamrutham (100%) and Panchagavyam (3 %) recorded the highest growth and yield attributes such as germination percentage (81.67 % and 85 %) length of vine (110.83 and 110.00 cm), number of leaves (37.00 and 36.00), dry matter production (96.40 and 87.00 g/plant), number of fruits per plant (3.83 and 3.73), volume of the fruits (770 and 751.66 cm3), weight of fruits (2.5 and 2.43 kg/plant), and yield (30.33 and 29.50 t/ha). While, lowest growth and yield attributes recorded in POP (POP recommendations of KAU) and Cow urine. Among the liquid formulations, the NPK content was more in the liquid extract of composite organic manures and fish amino acid. The highest fungal and bacterial count was recorded in Panchagavyam treated plots. Jeevamrutham treatment reported the highest B: C ratio of 2.09 followed by Green leaf extracts (2.02).

scholarly journals Efficacy of Herbicides in Controlling Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius L.) in Cumin Grown under Arid Climatic Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Moti Lal Mehriya ◽  
Neelam Geat ◽  
Sita Ram Kumhar ◽  
Abdullah A. Alrajhi ◽  
Mohammed A. Alkuriji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of different herbicides for controlling wild onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) during the rabi seasons (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) at Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The experiment comprised eight herbicidal weed management treatments for wild onion applied to cumin in a three-replication randomized block design. Among the herbicidal weed management treatments, early post-emergence (8 DAS) application of oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha resulted in the lowest weed density and dry matter of Asphodilus tenuifolius, with maximum weed (Asphodilus tenuifolius) control efficiency at 40 days after sowing (DAS) during both experimental years. Likewise, the highest total efficiency of weed control was recorded with the application of oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha at 8 DAS. Oxyflourfen 200 g/ha used early post emergence (8 DAS) reduced the weed index more effectively than the other herbicides. It also recorded the highest number of branches/plant, plant height, umbels/plant, umbellates/umbel, seeds/umbellates, and seed yield. However, application of oxyflourfen @ 200 g/ha 8 DAS–early POE and pendimethalin 38.7 CS 500 g/ha + oxyfluorfen @ 150 g/ha 8 DAS–early POE were statistically similar in terms of plant growth, yield, and yield attributes. The net returns (366.49 USD/ha in 2018–2019 and 175.72 USD/ha in 2019–2020) and B:C ratio (1.70 and 1.33 in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020, respectively) were also superior, with oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha applied early post emergence.

scholarly journals Effects of Climatic Conditions, Season and Environmental Factors on CO2 Concentrations in Naturally Ventilated Primary Schools in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Muriel Diaz ◽  
Mario Cools ◽  
Maureen Trebilcock ◽  
Beatriz Piderit-Moreno ◽  
Shady Attia
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

Between the ages of 6 and 18, children spend between 30 and 42 h a week at school, mostly indoors, where indoor environmental quality is usually deficient and does not favor learning. The difficulty of delivering indoor air quality (IAQ) in learning facilities is related to high occupancy rates and low interaction levels with windows. In non-industrialized countries, as in the cases presented, most classrooms have no mechanical ventilation, due to energy poverty and lack of normative requirements. This fact heavily impacts the indoor air quality and students’ learning outcomes. The aim of the paper is to identify the factors that determine acceptable CO2 concentrations. Therefore, it studies air quality in free-running and naturally ventilated primary schools in Chile, aiming to identify the impact of contextual, occupant, and building design factors, using CO2 concentration as a proxy for IAQ. The monitoring of CO2, temperature, and humidity revealed that indoor air CO2 concentration is above 1400 ppm most of the time, with peaks of 5000 ppm during the day, especially in winter. The statistical analysis indicates that CO2 is dependent on climate, seasonality, and indoor temperature, while it is independent of outside temperature in heated classrooms. The odds of having acceptable concentrations of CO2 are bigger when indoor temperatures are high, and there is a need to ventilate for cooling.

scholarly journals Impact of Row Spacing and Planting Date on the Canopy Environment, Abundance of Lesser Cornstalk Borer and Other Arthropods, and Incidence of Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Peanuts

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
S. D. Stewart ◽  
K. L. Boweri ◽  
T. P. Mack ◽  
J. H. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Elasmopalpus Lignosellus ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Wide Row Spacing

Abstract Three row spacings and two planting dates for peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., were examined in 1993 and 1994 to determine the influence of the canopy environment on lesser cornstalk borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), other arthropods, and alflatoxigenic fungi. Climatically, 1993 and 1994 were disparate years. Decreasing row spacing increased relative leaf area and light interception by the canopy but, compared to difference between planting dates or years, had a relatively small impact on soil temperatures and relative humidity within the canopy. Late planting produced smaller plants, retarded canopy development, and reduced yield in both years, but especially in 1993 when it was hot and dry. The wide row spacing did not yield as well as twin and normal row spacings in either year. Lesser cornstalk borer damage and aflatoxin concentration were higher in the late planting than in the early planting of 1993, but were unaffected by row spacing. Fewer predatory arthropods were caught as row spacing decreased in both beat and pitfall samples, but planting date had variable effects. Prevailing climatic conditions and planting date appeared to be more important in influencing the canopy environment and pest densities than was row spacing.

scholarly journals Grafting Improves Fruit Yield of Cucumber Plants Grown under Combined Heat and Soil Salinity Stresses

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Yousry Bayoumi ◽  
Emad Abd-Alkarim ◽  
Hassan El-Ramady ◽  
Farouk El-Aidy ◽  
El-Samahy Hamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Flower Abortion ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Si Content ◽  
Better Than

Improving the productivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to combined salinity and heat stresses is a significant challenge, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Gianco F1 cucumbers were grafted onto five cucurbit rootstocks and, together with an ungrafted control, were grown in Egypt in a net house with saline soil during the summer season over two years. The vegetative growth, yield, quality, biochemical, and mineral composition traits were measured. Although many differences were observed among treatments, in general, the grafted plants had a performance better than or similar to that of the ungrafted plants, based on the different parameters measured. In particular, the cucumber plants grafted onto the Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata interspecific hybrid rootstocks VSS-61 F1 and Ferro had the highest early and total marketable yields. These two rootstocks consistently conferred higher vigor to the scion, which had lower flower abortion rates and higher chlorophyll contents. The fruit quality and N, P, and K composition in the leaves suffered few relevant changes as compared with the control. However, the leaves of the VSS-61 F1 had higher catalase activity, as well as proline and Se contents, while those of Ferro had higher Si content. This study reveals that the grafting of cucumber plants onto suitable rootstocks may mitigate the adverse effects caused by the combination of saline soil and heat stresses. This represents a significant improvement for cucumber cultivation in saline soil under high-temperature stress conditions in arid regions.

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