scholarly journals Study of Parthenium hysterophorus L. Extracts (First Clean-Up Fractions) on Seed Germination Behaviour in Search of Bioactive Fractions for Preparation of Bioherbicide Formulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Ujjal Kumar Pati ◽  
Ashim Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Germination Behaviour

Increase in productivity is directly related with increase pesticide consumption. So there is a strong desire to use “greener” chemistry to produce more toxicologically and environmentally benign pesticides and natural products. In this present study, a comparison was made to evaluate the phytotoxicity potential of first cleanup fractions obtained from sequentially extracted solvent (ethyl-acetate, methanol) extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus L. (aerial parts) in vitro through bench-top seed germination assay (Vignaradiata L.). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) were done for statistical analysis of the data. The study reveals that germination, growth and vigour was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by ethyl-acetate and methanol fractions. A significant changes in soluble and insoluble sugar content, protein, amino acid content and cellular metabolic activity was aslo observed by 1F3, 1F4, 1F6, and 1F9 fractions. The present study concluded that phytotoxicity of four fractions (1F3, 1F4, 1F6, and 1F9) from ethylacetate and methanolic crude extracts of Partheniumhysterophorus could be exploited as potential bioherbicide for future weed management programme and the development of bioherbicide for commercial use.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Phytotoxic Potential among the Crude Extracts from Parthenium hysterophorus L. Extracted with Solvents of Increasing Polarity

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujjal Kumar Pati ◽  
Ashim Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Seed Germination Assay ◽  
Range Test

There is a worldwide search for the safe, effective and eco-friendly compounds of plant origin to combat the weed species and other pests which are responsible for the great impact on the growth and productivity of agricultural crops. In this present study, a comparison was made to evaluate the phytotoxicity potential of sequentially extracted solvent (hexane, ethyl-acetate, methanol) extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus L. (aerial parts) in vitro through bench-top seed germination assay (Vigna radiata L.). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) were done for statistical analysis of the data. The study reveals that germination, growth and vigour was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by ethyl-acetate and methanol extracts. The present study concluded that phytotoxicity of ethylacetate and methanolic crude extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus could be exploited as potential bioherbicide for future weed management programme and the development of bioherbicide for commercial use.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Biochemical Profile, In vitro Toxicity, and Cytotoxic activity of Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight. Arn. and Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauve

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3480-3487
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
High Cytotoxicity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The present study is intended to reveal the biochemical profile and assess the toxicity and cytotoxic activity of aerial and underground parts of Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight. Arn. and Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. extracts using Brine shrimp lethality bioassay and Dalton’s lymphoma ascites cell (DLA). The maximum amount of protein 31.2 mg/g, amino acid 50.5 mg/g, glucose 62.8 mg/g and Indole acetic acid 29.5 mg/g were found in E. amabilis aerial parts. The maximum amount of total phenolics (218.21 mg/g) and tannins (88.5 mg/g) was observed in ethanolic extracts of E. amabilis aerial parts. The highest value of flavonoids was stated in chloroform extracts of E. amabilis underground parts (544 mg/g). The maximum amount of total phenolics and total tannin was observed in ethyl acetate extracts of E. pilosa aerial parts. The highest amount of flavonoids was found in ethyl acetate extracts of E. pilosa underground parts. The toxicity (LC50 values) of E. amabilis aerial and underground parts were ranged from 0.48 - 1.52 mg/ mL and 0.012 - 1.154 mg/ mL respectively. The LC50 value of E. pilosa aerial and underground parts extract was ranged from 1.089 - 1.904 mg/ mL and 0.038 -1.726 mg/ mL. The high cytotoxicity (ICT50) was observed in ethyl acetate extracts of E. amabilis and E. pilosa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of different extracts of entire plant of Ipomoea pestigridis Linn

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Bheemreddy Thrinitha ◽  
Murali R ◽  
Manichandrika P
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Ipomoea pestigridis (Linn) (family Convolvulaceae) is commonly known as “Tiger Foot Morning Glory” in English and locally known as ‘Pulichuvadi’ or ‘Pulichuvadu’ in Malayalam. The current study, aerial parts of different concentrates(Pet.ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol) of I.pestigridis, was evaluated for its in-vitro antioxidant potential by nitric oxide activity, total antioxidant activity, iron chelating activity taking ascorbate & Ethylenediamine tetraacetate as the standard correspondingly. An IC50 value was originated that EA concentrates of I.pestigridis  more efficient in nitric oxide activity, total antioxidant activity, Iron chelating capacity compared methanolic & PE concentrates. The ethyl acetate concentrates of I.pestigridis  & ascorbic acid exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 226µg/ml & 66µg/ml (Nitric oxide). 185µg/ml & 60µg/ml (total antioxidant) , 287µg/ml & 65µg/ml (iron-chelating Activity) respectively. The difference in the scavenging potential of the extracts can be due to variation in the percentage of bioactive compounds present in different solvents.  Invitro antioxidant studies obviously show  EA concentrates of I.pestigridis have better antioxidant activity. These results indicate that aerial parts of methanolic concentrate I.pestigridis  could serve as a natural antioxidant, which may be useful in preventing free radical-induced diseases.

scholarly journals TOTAL PHENOLICS AND FLAVONOIDS DETERMINATION AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY EVALUATION OF Poincianella bracteosa (FABACEAE) EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Marcel Mark da Silva PASSOS ◽  
Erica Porto FERNANDES ◽  
Simone Andrade GUALBERTO ◽  
Sandra Lúcia da Cunha SILVA ◽  
Débora Cardoso DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Reduction Of Iron

Popularly known as “catingueira”, Poincianella Bracteosa is widely used by communities in the vicinity of the municipality of Tanhaçu, in Bahia to combat cough and bronchitis, therefore, based on data from a survey was performed ethnobotanical Phytochemical prospecting of the ethanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of poincianella Bracteosa, as well as the determination of antioxidant capacity and the levels of total phenolics and flavonoids present in the ethanolic extract and fractions. The study involved the obtaining of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of the species under study, by percolation with a 70% solution hidroetanólica. The fractionation of the ethanolic extract was performed with three different solvent (hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The preliminary analysis of chemical composition was made by in vitro tests, with specific reagents for the different classes of secondary metabolites. The quantification of phenolics and total flavonoids was made by methods espectrofotométricos in the region of visible. The assessment of antioxidant capacity was performed by the method of kidnapping of free radicals DPPH and by method of reduction of iron ions (FRAP). The results of chemical prospecting demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, gums and mucilage, heterosídeos antociânicos and condensed tannins in the ethanolic extract, being confirmed by quantification of total phenolics and total flavonoids. The ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fractions (SAF) and diclorometânica (FD) showed a strong antioxidant capacity, being that the SAF fraction was the most active, with EC50 of 3.07±0.05 μg.mL-1.The results show that the studied species is rich in phenolic compounds and has a strong antioxidant capacity, showing great potential for application as a natural antioxidant.

Phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory proprieties and acute toxicity of extracts from the aerial parts of Ephedra nebrodensis, source of bioactive compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Hamoudi ◽  
Djouher Amroun ◽  
Sabrina Boutefnouchet ◽  
Chawki Bensouici ◽  
Samira Kaoula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detection ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aerial Parts

Background: Due to the strong association between the chemistry of medicinal plants and their biological properties, it is important to determine their phytochemical composition to justify experimental tests. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and the enzyme inhibitory properties and to identify the bioactive compounds present in the extracts of Ephedra nebrodensis growing in Algeria. Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoids content in these extracts were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods. The antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, CUPRAC and FRAP assays and in vitro cholinesterase activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were evaluated. The chemical constituents of the extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric detection and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric detection. For the acute toxicity study, extracts were administered to mice at single dose of 2 g/kg and 5 g/kg by gavage. Results: Plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds. Ethyl acetate extract presented the highest phenolic (238.44 ± 1.50 µg GAE /mg of extract) and flavonoid (21.12 ± 0.00 µg QE /mg of extract) contents. Likewise, ethyl acetate extract showed potent radical scavenging and reducing properties. Ethanol: acetone extract showed inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase, and was a potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase. In all extracts, flavonoids were the most abundant compounds. The phytochemical investigation showed the presence of alkaloids (ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine). In the acute toxicity, the LD50 was superior to 5 g/kg body weight. There are not alterations in the histology of the liver and kidneys. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a good antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity of aerial parts of E. nebrodensis.

Chemical Constituents of the Aerial Parts of Scoparia Dulcis and Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 360-364
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Tin ◽  
Nguyen Dang Thanh Truc ◽  
Hoang Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Pham Thi Nhat Trinh ◽  
Long Giang Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

In Vietnam, the medicinal plant Scoparia dulcis is used for the treatment of bronchitis, gastric disorders, antidiabetes, hypertension, hepatitis etc.1 In this paper, experiments was designed to evaluate in vitro anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities and isolate phytochemicals from methanol extracts of Scoparia dulcis whole plants. The chemical investigation of methanol fraction of Scoparia dulcis led to the isolation of benzoxazinone (1), phenylethanoid (2), flavone (3), and lignan (4) glycosides. The bioactivity results indicated that crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts had potent cytotoxic activity toward the HepG2 cancer cell with IC50 of 47.03 μg/mL and 36.04 μg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts had the NO inhibitory activity, with inhibition of 56.9 % or 74.7 % at 30 μg/mL and 97.3% or 82.9 % at 100 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the hexane extract at concentrations of 100 μg/ml demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of nitric oxide production of 76.7%.

scholarly journals UHPLC-MS Characterization and Biological Insights of Different Solvent Extracts of Two Achillea Species (A. aleppica and A. santolinoides) from Turkey

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1180
Author(s):  
Reneta Gevrenova ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan ◽  
Evren Yıldıztugay ◽  
Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles ◽  
Reducing Potential

In the current study, Achillea santolinoides and Achillea aleppica aeral parts and root were extracted with ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. Detailed phytochemical profiles were obtained using UHPLC-MS, yielding the identification of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, phenolic acid glycosides and sugar esters, acylquinic acids, O-glycosyl flavones and flavonols, and flavonoid aglycons, among others. The antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracts were assayed with in vitro tests. The phenolic content of the water extracts was significantly higher as compared to the ethyl acetate and methanol ones. A. aleppica aerial parts methanol extract possessed highest flavonoid content (49.18 mg rutin equivalent/g). Antioxidant properties assessment revealed that the methanol extract of A. santolinoides roots actively scavenged DPPH (54.11 mg TE/g) and ABTS radicals (112.53 mg TE/g) and possessed highest reducing potential (183.55 and 129.92 mg TE/g, for CUPRAC and FRAP, respectively). The ethyl acetate extracts of aerial parts and roots of both species showed highest inhibition against BuCHE (6.07–6.76 mg GALAE/g). The ethyl acetate extract of A.santolinoides aerial part showed highest inhibition against tyrosinase (73.00 mg KAE/g). These results showed that the tested Achillea species might represent novel phytotherapeutic avenues for the management of Alzheimer’s disease and epidermal hyperpigmentation conditions, which are both associated with oxidative stress. This paper could shed light into future potential industrial applications using the tested Achillea species.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Aerial Parts of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Growing in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Suvash Chandra Roy ◽  
BK Sajeeb ◽  
Md Abdul Muhit ◽  
Sitesh C Bachar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris

The present study evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of methanolic extract of aerial parts of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. and its different solvent fractions. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The analysis revealed that ethyl acetate soluble fraction had the highest DPPH radicals scavenging property with IC50 value of 1.05 μg/ml as compared to positive control ascorbic acid (IC50 = 1.34 μg/ml). In addition, ex vivo cytotoxicity assay of A. capillus-veneris L. extract and its different fractions were performed against HELA cells line where 5-Fluorouracil was used as positive control. The result demonstrated that ethyl acetate and n-hexane soluble fractions showed prominent cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 5.68 μg/ml and 17.15 μg/ml, respectively. The study affirmed that superior antioxidant and cytotoxic activities were shown by ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of aerial parts of A. capillus-veneris L. growing in Bangladesh which indicate the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents in the extractives. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 217-222, 2019 (December)

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and chemical constituents of Anthriscus vulgaris Bernh. (Apiaceae) from Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Ines Sekhara ◽  
Ouahiba Benaissa ◽  
Amel Amrani ◽  
Beretta Giangiacomo ◽  
Wassila Benabderrahmane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

AbstractThe chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Anthriscus vulgaris Bernh. were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 36 components have been identified in each extract. The major constituents were 1-monooleoylglycerol (20.72%), caffeic acid (15.20%), cinnamic acid (11.31%) and benzene acetic acid (10.95%). The phytochemical study led to the isolation and structural elucidation of three compounds, scopoletin, umckalin and 1-(3’,4’-dihydroxycinnamoyl) cyclopentane-2,3-diol. Moreover the ethyl acetate extract was screened for its possible in vitro antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy l(DPPH) and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays in which it displayed a noticeable activity. This study provides the first biological and chemical investigation on Anthriscus vulgaris Bernh. in Algeria.

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