scholarly journals Algumas contribuições de Merleau-Ponty para a Psicologia em “Fenomenologia da percepção”

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Maria Virginia Filomena CREMASCO
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Theoretical Examination ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Subject And Object ◽  
The Status

This essay consists of the author’s theoretical examination in the Selection Process of Assistant Professor for the Department of Psychology at the Federal University of Paraná, submitted in June, 2002. It succinctly presents contributions to psychology in Merleau-Ponty’s doctoral thesis of 1945, entitled “Phenomenology of Perception.” Merleau-Ponty sets out to discover original meanings as a road for perceiving human understanding. In his proposal, rationality takes on the status of science by preserving both subject and object. In other words, one finds in the world what it is fact and, on this basis, what perceptions can be confirmed or denied. Merleau-Ponty re-posits Husserl’s transcendental question: based on the natural and the social we discover the ambiguity of life, of being “in the” world and being “of the” world. We are questioned by it and we are free to choose. Contributions to psychology are discussed based on Merleau-Ponty’s perspective of the organization of the perspective field carried out by subject-body in situation.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on socio-economic and sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Wei ◽  
Lijing Li ◽  
Fan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Pumping elephantThe COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the lives of people around the world in millions of ways . Due to this severe epidemic, all countries in the world have been affected by all aspects, mainly economic. It is widely discussed that the COVID-19 outbreak has affected the world economy. When considering this dimension, this study aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world economy, socio-economics, and sustainability. In addition, the research focuses on multiple aspects of social well-being during the pandemic, such as employment, poverty, the status of women, food security, and global trade. To this end, the study used time series and cross-sectional analysis of the data. The second-hand data used in this study comes from the websites of major international organizations. From the analysis of secondary data, the conclusion of this article is that the impact of the pandemic is huge. The main finding of the thesis is that the social economy is affected by the pandemic, causing huge losses in terms of economic well-being and social capital.

scholarly journals A Transformation of the Approach to Evaluating a Region’s Investment Attractiveness as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Dmitriy G. Rodionov ◽  
Evgenii A. Konnikov ◽  
Magomedgusen N. Nasrutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
World Order ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused a transformation of virtually all aspects of the world order today. Due to the introduction of the world quarantine, a considerable share of professional communications has been transformed into a format of distance interaction. As a result, the specific weight of traditional components of the investment attractiveness of a region is steadily going down, because modern business can be built without the need for territorial unity. It should be stated that now the criteria according to which investors decide if they are ready to invest in a region are dynamically transforming. The significance of the following characteristics is increasingly growing: the sustainable development of a region, qualities of the social environment, and consistency of the social infrastructure. Thus, the approaches to evaluating the region’s investment attractiveness must be transformed. Moreover, the investment process at the federal level involves the determination of target areas of regional development. Despite the universal significance of innovative development, the region can develop much more dynamically when a complex external environment is formed that complements its development model. Interregional interaction, as well as an integrated approach to innovative development, taking into account not only the momentary effect, but also the qualitative long-term transformation of the region, will significantly increase the return on investment. At the same time, the currently existing methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of the region are usually heuristic in nature and are not universal. The heuristic nature of the existing methods does not allow to completely abstract from the subjectivity of the researcher. Moreover, the existing methods do not take into account the cyclical properties of the innovative development of the region, which lead to the formation of a long-term effect from the transformation of the regional environment. This study is aimed at forming a comprehensive methodology that can be used to evaluate the investment attractiveness of a certain region and conclude about the lines of business that should be developed in it as well as to find ways to increase the region’s investment attractiveness. According to the results of the study, a comprehensive methodology was formed to evaluate the region’s investment attractiveness. It consists of three key indicators, namely, the level of the region’s investment attractiveness, the projected level of the region’s investment attractiveness, and the development vector of the region’s investment attractiveness. This methodology is based on a set of indicators that consider the status of the economic and social environment of the region, as well as the status of the innovative and ecological environment. The methodology can be used to make multi-dimensional conclusions both about the growth areas responsible for increasing the region’s innovative attractiveness and the lines of business that should be developed in the region.

Grotesque Possible Worlds

Tekstualia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Starnawski
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Thomas Mann ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Grotesque

The author of the articles shows that the grotesque is one of the most interesting ways of diagnosing changes and crisis in the anthroposphere (as a continuation of thinking about the subject from the middle of the seventeenth century through to postmodernity). According to Thomas Mann, the grotesque is one the most active notions in contemporary art. Its productivity results from the subject’s tendency to self-fulfilment, self-cognition, and self-definition; it is an independent vision and position in the “me – the world”, “me – community” relations. The grotesque is a strongly philosophical proposition, which bases its discourse on a conscious protest against present values and on transgressing all limiting and oppressive conventions. Therefore, the grotesque enhances the status of the subject, but it neither defends nor affi rms the subject in a direct manner. Apart from the social dimension, the grotesque also has numerous metaphysical references, the expression of which can be found in Kierkegaardian understanding of the metaphysical crisis as despair. Facing piercing emptiness, the human being tries to find some support and resorts to anything only to make a leap into the future. Laughter is only a manifestation of horror vacui, a specific dialectic moment devoid of any prospect of purification or comfort. What dominates a grotesque work is its open structure. The motifs which shape the spatiotemporal order do not always form a cause-and-effect system. Deliberately incoherent themes (logical coherence is not an aim) seem to be rather “deconstructors”, not constructors of the plot; they are intermittent, provoke the impression of a secret, a gleam, the absurd.

scholarly journals Influence of Physical Activity and Sport on the Inclusion of People with Visual Impairment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Virginia Alcaraz-Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Medina-Rebollo ◽  
Antonio Muñoz-Llerena ◽  
Jesús Fernández-Gavira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Social Importance

People with visual impairment have greater difficulty in accessing physical activity and sport, and a lack of social interaction is also associated with a risk of exclusion. Work is currently being done to include people with visual impairment through physical activity and sport. However, there is a lack of studies examining the status and overall effectiveness of interventions in the pre- and post-COVID stage. This study aimed to provide solid evidence on the characteristics and effectiveness of interventions for the inclusion of people with visual impairment through physical activity and sport in order to address the need for dissemination on this topic. The bibliographic search was carried out with the words “Physical activity”, “Physical exercise”, “Sport”, “Physical training”, “visual disability”, “visual impairment” and “inclusion” in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from 2018 to 2021.The article selection process was according to the PRISMA protocol with a final selection of nine articles. The main results highlighted that the programmes improve the perception of people with disabilities, increase social skills and health and increase the social importance of people with disabilities in the social environment. Among the most generalised conclusions were the need for specialised training, the need for social inclusion and participation of people with visual impairment in their environments and increased physical activity.

Desperately seeking the good society

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-654
Author(s):  
Gill Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Good Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Northern City

Working towards the ‘good society’ is an important aspiration to hold, but equally its subjectivity complicates the realisation for all – each person’s view of what ‘good’ means in relation to society differs. The notion is also open to statutory appropriation and mainstreaming using rhetoric to suggest its centrality to governmental thinking, but the reality reveals policy and practice, which undermines the accomplishment of social justice and thus a good society. This paper seeks to explore this complexity through dissecting the processes of representation of the ‘good society’ in theory and in practice. The paper will argue that the ‘good society’ might be termed a doxic construct. Bourdieu used ‘doxa’ to explain how arbitrariness shapes people’s acceptance of their place in the world, the covert process is ‘internalised’, seemingly objectively, into the ‘social structures and mental structures’, producing a universal and accepted knowledge of something (Bourdieu, 1977 ). The possibility of difference is undermined; thus, the varied needs and contexts of people’s lived realities are consumed within prevailing normative narratives. Foucault (cited in Simon, 1971 : 198) referred to a ‘system of limits’ and Bourdieu (1977: 164) ‘ sense of limits’, both authors will assist in seeking to uncover how such invisible practices limit and constrain the imagining of possibilities beyond the taken-for-granted. The paper argues that community development can be a catalyst to challenge this invisibility by utilising Freire’s ( 1970 ) conscientisation, enabling people to recognise structural oppression to challenge the status quo. This paper will draw on examples offered within a northern city to build on Knight’s, 2015 research, which posed the question ‘[w]hat kind of society do we want?’, identifying, when asked, a hunger for change. The paper explores whether there is a desire to overturn the predominant individualism of the neoliberal era to reignite the notion of the common good.

scholarly journals METAPHYSICAL GOOD GROUNDS

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
Communicative Space

The article is devoted to the consideration of the good ethics metaphysical basis. As a phenomenon whose nature is transcendent, the good reveals itself in two projective optics. It is on the one hand about the ontological aspects of the good ethics, acting as a being together mode. On the other hand, the relevance of the human charitable nature to the good ethics principles. Thus, the good builds the basis, the output operating mode of co-existence. The phenomenon has objective properties and a universal character. In other words, goodness creates the condition, the nature of the order of being. This logic has traces of Socrates, which identifies concepts: good, knowledge and virtue. Good is a living knowledge that acquires the status of Truth – the knowledge of real. It opens to the person the essence of its purpose, improves and transforms its personality. It is about spiritual knowledge that opens to a person who knows, in the process of mastering the world around him. This knowledge fills the personality with the content, gives uniqueness. It is a living knowledge, aimed at improving the image, its spiritual development, growth. And, consequently, the projection of knowledge-good at the level of society acts as a mechanism for organizing and maintaining social order. A person who through the social context knows the ethical principles of good (love, respect, complicity, etc.), comprehends the laws of the spiritual order. She is an integral part of the order, and thus recognizes itself as real, unique, finds a connection to reality. The transformation of these principles into cultural universal, opens the world to the world as a single whole, an integral part of which is itself. With the explication of meanings, culture «introduces» a person in the previously compiled symbolic-communicative space, forming the ability to understand, with the message, with participation, in general forms an orientation to the community, the integrity of social relations. In this perspective well-being issues are opened. This is the principle of the spiritual knowledge power, realized in accordance with human principles of the good ethics.

Scientific Realism

2021 ◽  
pp. 251-253
Author(s):  
Heikki Patomäki
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Scientific Realism ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Constructive Empiricism ◽  
Van Fraassen ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
True Story ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

This chapter addresses scientific realism. After the heyday of empiricism in the interwar period and its immediate aftermath, many critical reactions to empiricism seemed to suggest scientific realism. It was widely agreed that scientific theories make references to things that cannot be directly observed (or at least seen), and thus emerged the issue of the status of non-observables. As scientific realism became increasingly dominant, new philosophical stances such as Bas C. van Fraassen’s constructive empiricism were often defined in opposition to it. Van Fraassen understands scientific realism as a claim that science aims to give us, in its theories, a literally true story of what the world is like; and acceptance of a scientific theory involves the belief that it is true. More in line with established forms of scientific realism, Ilkka Niiniluoto talks about verisimilitude, or truth-likeness. This concept is supposed to avoid the consequences of claiming to have access to the truth itself. The chapter then considers how the social sciences seem to pose difficulties for scientific realism.

From the realism to the Real. The „suicidal gesture” in the photography Self Portrait as a Drowned Man by Hippolyte Bayard and in the painting The Wounded Man by Gustave Courbet

Tekstualia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (49) ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Justyna Pyra
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Social Position ◽  
The Real ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gustave Courbet ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Death Of The Author

The article begins with an analysis of two works of art: the photography Self Portrait as a Drowned Man by Hippolyte Bayard (1839–1840), which is one of the fi rst photographs in history, and the painting The Wounded Man by Gustave Courbet (1845–1854). Both these images use the same iconographic theme: the death of the author. This comparison leads to a refl ection about the intersections of photography and death, in an artistic as well as an anthropological sense. The similarity of the subject of both the works, and their rootedness in the time of creation, induce a variety of questions: what was the status of photography shortly after the invention of this medium? How did it affect the notion of art, the social position of the artist, the comprehension of realism, and fi nally – the perception of the world itself? The article tries to answer some of these questions by bringing out the picture of a specifi c moment in (art) history, when both man’s interest in death and the realist’s aspiration to create mimetic representations have found a new refl ection in art thanks to photography.

scholarly journals The Mind of the Political and Social Animal

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerijus Stasiulis
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
The Political ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mind

In this article I present the outline of Filosofija. Sociogija 30(3) the articles of which I see as mainly centering around the issue of Man as placed and interacting within social, cultural and political contexts. However, the discussion of the social or political is generally nourished by metaphysical or epistemological issues or insights. The human mind deals with the fundamental questions concerning human nature, the existence or the metaphysical structure of the world, the status of cognition in general and science/ technology in particular. The articles merge into a choir signalling the inescapably social and political mode of our consciousness.

scholarly journals SymptomSpeak: Women’s Struggle for History and Health in Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Kienzler
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Political Commentary ◽  
Evil Eye ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Dimensions Of Pain ◽  
Communicative Power ◽  
Political Realities

AbstractWhat are the linguistic dimensions of pain, and what kind of articulations arise from these painful experiences? How does the language of pain circulate, connect, and reach across histories, gendered realities, and social politics? In what ways might the language of pain act on and transform the world by shaping and changing socio-political agendas? I explored these questions among women in Kosovo and discovered a unique symptomatic language which I call SymptomSpeak. SymptomSpeak is a powerful language evoked, shared, and exchanged by women to articulate political, social, and economic grievances, to challenge societal norms, and to demand justice. The language itself consists of a detailed symptom vocabulary which is variously assembled into meaning complexes. Such assemblages shift depending on the social context in which they are conveyed and are referred to as nervoz (nervousness), mërzitna (worried, sad), mzysh (evil eye), and t’bone (spell). I describe in detail how women variously combine and exchange components of SymptomSpeak and, thereby, question dominant framings of reality. Thereby, my intention is to contribute to a new understanding of pain as language which straddles the fine line between socio-political commentary and illness; produces gendered political realities; and challenges the status quo through its communicative power.

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