scholarly journals Occupational bronchopulmonary pathology cause by exposure of chrysotile asbestos

2008 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
A. E. Plyukhin ◽  
T. B. Burmistrova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Chrysotile Asbestos ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Functional Features

Investigation of various asbestos-induced lung diseases caused by exposure of chrysotile and chrysotile dust allowed description clinical, radiological, and functional features of occurrence, presentation, course, and outcomes of respiratory pathology, such as chrysotile asbestosis, occupational bronchitis and lung carcinoma in workers at asbestos industry. There is a reduction in morbidity of chrysotile asbestosis together with increasing prevalence of chronic bronchitis in modern asbestos industry. Morbidity of asbestosis-induced lung diseases is strongly and directly related to the length of service and level of pollution at the workplace. Preventive measures should include prevention of development of asbestos-induced diseases and rehabilitation of workers aimed to keeping health and restore adaptive reserve.

An Analytical Study Carried Out to Identify Symptoms of Occupational Lung Diseases and Preventive Measures among Workers Involved in Marble Industries in Rajsamand District of Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Kalika Gupta ◽  
Mitin Parmar ◽  
Pranav Bhavsar ◽  
Milan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases

BACKGROUND Occupational lung diseases are diseases affecting the respiratory system, including occupational asthma, black lung disease and many more. Workers exposed to marble dust stand an increased risk of suffering from asthma symptoms, chronic bronchitis, nasal inflammation and impairment of lung functions. The recognition of occupational causes can be made difficult by years of latency between exposure in the workplace and the occurrence of disease. Through this study, authors have established the importance of early identification of symptoms of occupational lung diseases and the importance of preventive measures that can be applied to reduce incidence of such diseases. METHODS This was a cross sectional community-based study conducted on 340 marble mining or cutting workers of Rajnagar [Morwar], Rajsamand district of Rajasthan, for a duration of three months. Workers were clinically examined and asked about environmental conditions and use of preventive measures through a questionnaire designed by the investigators and with the help of pamphlets and videos, educational interventions were provided. RESULTS Almost 90 % of the workers didn’t use protective measure like mask or shield. Among the 10 % workers who were using safety measures, 60 % were using face mask and 20 % were using apron at the work place. After the educational intervention given by investigators, around 63 % had started using various safety measures. CONCLUSIONS Early interventions after development of symptoms are important as they can decrease chances of further worsening of the condition. Health education, periodic health check-ups and use of protective measures are the essence in preventing occupational lung diseases. KEYWORDS Occupational Lung Disease, Cough, Marble Workers, Silicosis

A randomized clinical trial of home telemonitoring in patients with advanced heart and lung diseases.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110597
Author(s):  
Carlos Hernandez-Quiles ◽  
Máximo Bernabeu-Wittel ◽  
Bosco Barón-Franco ◽  
Alfonso Aguirre Palacios ◽  
M Rocio Garcia-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Emergency Admissions ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction ◽  
Lung Failure ◽  
Functional Features

Brief Summary The addition of home monitoring to an integrated care model in patients with advanced chronic heart/lung diseases decreases mortality, hospital and emergency admissions, improves functional status, HRQoL, and is cost-effective. Background Telemonitoring is a promising implement for medicine, but its efficacy is unknown in patients with advanced heart and lung failure (AHLF). Objective To determine the efficacy of a telemonitoring system added to coordinated clinical care in patients with AHLF. Design Randomized phase 3 multicenter clinical trial with parallel groups in adult patients. Participants Five spanish centers including patients with AHLF at discharge or in out-patient clinics. Intervention Patients were randomly assigned to receive a remote bio-parameters telemonitoring system (TELECARE) or best usual care (UCARE). TELECARE patients were provided with devices that collected symptoms and bio-parameters, and transferred them synchronously to a call-center, with a real-time health-care response. Main Measures Primary end point was the need of admissions/emergency room visits at 45, 90, 180 days. Secondary end points included health care requirements, mortality, functional assessment, health related quality of life (HRQoL), perceived satisfaction, and cost-efficacy. Results 510 patients were included (54.5% women, median age 76.5 years; 63.1% suffered heart failure, 13.9% lung failure, and 22.9% both conditions). Clinical and functional features were comparable in both arms. TELECARE globally needed less admissions with respect UCARE after 45 days of inclusion (35.4% vs. 46.9%, p < 0.05). This tendency was maintained in the subgroups of patients with multimorbidity (34.2% vs. 46.9%, p < 0.05), intermediate risk of mortality (36.5% vs. 51.1%, p < 0.05), and those included after hospital discharge (34.9% vs. 50.5%, p < 0.01). HRQoL significantly improved (TELECARE/UCARE EuroQol baseline of 56.2 ± 18.2/55.1 ± 19.7, p = 0.054, and 64 ± 19.9/56.3 ± 21.6; p < 0.01 at the end), and perceived satisfaction was also higher (6.77 ± 0.52 vs. 6.62 ± 0.81, p < 0.001; highest possible score = 7). A trend to mortality decrease was also observed (12.9% vs. 19.3%, p = 0.13). TELECARE was cost-efficacious (TELECARE/UCARE QALY 3.94 Euros/0.81Euros). Conclusions The addition of a telemonitoring system to an integrated care model in patients with AHLF decreases hospital and emergency admissions, improves functional status as well as HRQoL, and is cost-efficacious.

Clinical Significance of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Patients with Bronchogenic Carcinoma and Benign Lung Diseases: A Comparative Study

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rapellino ◽  
F. Pecchio ◽  
G. Aimo ◽  
G. Priolo ◽  
S. Baldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) was determined in the serum of 72 lung carcinoma patients. Twenty-four healthy subjects younger than 50 years and 10 healthy subjects older than 70 years were considered as control group. TNF was also measured in 20 patients with stage I sarcoidosis and in 15 patients with pulmonary fibrosis. The marker was detected in 32% of cases in the neoplastic group, in 37.5% of disease confined to the chest and in 25% of advanced disease cases. A large proportion of TNF-positive samples was found in sarcoidosis (30%), and even larger in pulmonary fibrosis (66.6%). TNF was also present in healthy subjects older than 70 (40%). We conclude that TNF is not specific of malignancy, being demonstrable in other benign pulmonary diseases and even in the course of physiological aging.

scholarly journals Right ventricular diastolic function in patients with lung diseases in the absence or presence of pulmonary hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Sumin ◽  
O G Arkhipov
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Right Ventricular Diastolic Function ◽  
Flow Propagation Velocity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flow Propagation

Aim. To investigate the indicators of filling of the right ventricle (RV) in patients with chronic lung diseases with and without pulmonary hypertension (PH) compared to healthy individuals. Subjects and methods. 365 people (198 men); mean age 64.6±8.0 years) were examined and divided into a group of patients with respiratory pathology without and with PH (n=124 and n=138, respectively) and a comparison group that included individuals without cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (n=103). All underwent echocardiography with examination of RV filling flows (Et, At, Et/At), data of the spectral tissue Doppler imaging of the fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve (e’t, a’t, e’t/a’t), and early tricuspid flow propagation velocity (ETFPV). Results. All the groups were found to have an e’t/a’t decrease to 0.75 (0.63—0.90) — 0.8 (0.63—1.0; p=0.26). The groups showed no noticeable differences in indicators, such as Еt/Аt, e’t/a’t, and Еt/e’t ratios, although the increased size of the right heart was noted in patients without PH along with the ETFPV decrease from 33.5 (28—39) to 31.5 (24.5—36) cm/sec, which continued to substantially decline to 27.1 (24—35) cm/sec in patients with PH (p

scholarly journals DISABILITY DUE TO THE CLASS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN ELDERLY PEOPLE

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Marina A. Shurgaya
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Functional Features

The main strategic task of the provision for health and social care and alimentation of the quality of life in the elderly patient is the implementation of clinical, diagnostic and preventive measures, taking into account characteristics of the course of different diseases in geriatric population. In an article there are highlighted modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma, which is the leading pathology that determines the morbidity and disability due to diseases of the respiratory system in elderly citizens. Accounting for the morphological and functional features of the elderly age allows provide the medical and social care and achieve quality standards in the treatment of asthma in the geriatric population.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Obstructive Lung Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinemerem C. Nwaozuzu ◽  
Kingsley C. Partick-Iwuanyanwu ◽  
Stephen O. Abah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Obstructive Lung Diseases ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Relationship

Background. There is fast-growing epidemiologic evidence of the effects of environmental chemicals on respiratory health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been linked with airway obstruction common in asthma and/or asthma exacerbation, and chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Objectives. A systematic review of the association between exposure to PAHs and obstructive lung diseases is not yet available. The present systematic review aims to evaluate the evidence available in epidemiological studies that have associated PAHs with obstructive lung diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema. Methods. We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases using relevant keywords and guided by predesigned eligibility criteria. Results. From the total of 30 articles reviewed, 16 articles examined the link between PAHs and lung function in both adults and children. Twelve articles investigated the association between PAHs and asthma, asthma biomarkers, and/or asthma symptoms in children. Two articles studied the relationship between PAHs and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), a biomarker of airway inflammation and the relationship between PAHs and obstructive lung diseases and infections, respectively. One study assessed exposure to daily ambient PAHs and cough occurrence. Discussion. Twenty-seven studies found an association between PAHs and asthma and reduced lung function. In children it is reinforced by studies on prenatal and postnatal exposure, whereas in adults, reductions in lung function tests marked by low forced expiratory volume in 1 second, (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow (FEF25–75%) were the major health outcomes. Some studies recorded contrasting results: insignificant and/or no association between the two variables of interest. The studies reviewed had limitations ranging from small sample size, to the use of cross-sectional rather than longitudinal study design. Conclusions. The literature reviewed in the present study largely suggest positive correlations between PAHs and obstructive lung diseases marked mainly by asthma and reduced respiratory function. This review was registered with PROSPERO (Registration no: CRD42020212894) Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Global Health & Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar Chattu ◽  
M Alzohairy ◽  
B Sahsah ◽  
F Barsamin ◽  
M Albelaihi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Introduction: A retrospective study to explore the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Tuberculosis among Saudis, migrant workers from SAARC and other nations. The objective of this study is to study the prevalence and clinical features of Tuberculosis among Saudis & other migrant workers in central Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A Retrospective study was conducted based on the secondary data pertaining to the patients registered at Regional TB center in Buraidah Central Hospital from Jan 2005 to December 2009. Results: A total of 355 case records were included of which 187 cases are from Saudi Arabia and remaining 168 were from South Asian countries. Cough with expectoration, fever with evening rise, loss of appetite were the chief clinical presentations. Out of the total non Saudi patients, the Indonesian patients contribute to 74 (21%) followed by Indians 39 (11%), Nepalese 12 (3.4%), Philippines & Bangladesh with 9 cases each (2.5%), and Pakistan with 8 cases (2.3%). Among the total cases, there were 341 (96%) new cases, 12 (3.4%) relapse cases and 2 (0.6%) defaulters. Conclusion: Prevalence of TB among migrant is relatively high. Preventive measures for early diagnosis should be performed especially among migrant workers from countries with high-prevalence of Tuberculosis. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases & HIV/AIDS; 2013; X(2); 21-26 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v10i2.9709

scholarly journals Longitudinal sstudy of differences between functional state of the body in workers at the chrysotile asbestos plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 961-965
Author(s):  
Serik A. Ibraev ◽  
Yu. N. Pankin ◽  
Sh. S. Koygeldinova ◽  
E. Zh. Otarov ◽  
Zh. Zh. Zharylkasyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Test Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Occupational Hazard ◽  
Chrysotile Asbestos ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Schedule Time ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Different Levels

There were performed biochemical and cytological studies of blood in healthy workers of chrysotile asbestos plant in order to determine the functional state of the body, depending on the length of service and working conditions. Mentioned differences between the functional state of the organism were determined in the longitudinal study, under construction on schedule time series with the test group at specified intervals (every year for 7 years surveyed, the same group of healthy workers). The differences between the indices allow one to discriminate different levels of the functional state of the organism for the workers employed at processing complex with experience of 4 and 5 years, and for the employees in the mining and transport workshop with the experience of 5 and 6 years. As a result the work experience of 5 years is considered to be an occupational hazard for workers at processing complex, and 6 years of experience - as an occupational hazard for workers of mining and transport workshop.

scholarly journals Prerequisites for the Development of Preventive Measures Against Office Syndrome Among Women of Working Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Olga Lazko ◽  
Nataliia Byshevets ◽  
Vitalii Kashuba ◽  
Yuliia Lazakovych ◽  
Igor Grygus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Spinal Diseases ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Em Method ◽  
Responsible Attitude ◽  
Office Employees

The purpose of the article is to study prerequisites for the development of preventive measures against office syndrome among women of working age.  Material and methods. The research involved 52 female office employees 21 to 57 years old.  Results. The extended clustering of the original data using EM method with the performance of V-fold crosschecking has shown that female office employees are clearly divided into two clusters depending on the manifestation of office syndrome. Despite our assumptions, their division does not depend on age or length of service in the office, but on the manifestation of office syndrome and behavioral characteristics in the work process. Women assigned to different clusters are characterized by statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences between the level of pain in the joints and spine. The research has found that among female office employees with increased musculoskeletal pain, there are statistically significantly (p<0.05) more women with significant overweight and spinal diseases. They are less likely to take active breaks when working at a computer and a larger percentage of them use information technology for entertainment purposes outside the office for 3-4 hours a day. However, a smaller percentage of them work with a PC for more than 7 hours a day. Women with predominant musculoskeletal pain differ in their lifestyle and point to fundamentally different reasons that stop them from taking measures to prevent the risk of occupational diseases. In particular, among female office employees with no office syndrome, a statistically significant (p<0.05) larger share does not need to expand knowledge about the organization of health care in the office and among them the share of those who lead a passive lifestyle predominates.  Conclusions. Thus, these women are potentially at risk of developing office syndrome and, with the absence of preventive measures, are expected to move to the cluster of women with signs of office syndrome. The results of the research indicate the need for different approaches to planning health measures in the work environment, depending on the presence of office syndrome and the level of their responsible attitude to health in the work process.

scholarly journals THE BRONCHOPULMONARY SYSTEM DAMAGE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION EXPOSURE AND RADIONUCLIDES INHALATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CHORNOBYL CATASTROPHE (SUMMARIZING OF 35 YEARS RESEARCH EXPERIENCE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 98-123
Author(s):  
V. Sushko ◽  
◽  
L. Shvaiko ◽  
K. Bazyka ◽  
O. Apostolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
External Irradiation ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Dosimetric Data ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure

The review is devoted to the summarizing of 35 years of research of ionizing radiation exposure and radionuclides inhalation influence on the bronchopulmonary system of clean-up workers of the Chornobyl NPP accident. Radiation and hygienic preconditions for the formation of chronic respiratory pathology are considered, taking into account the dosimetric data of irradiation of the bronchopulmonary system. The main clinical symptoms, features of disorders of pulmonary ventilation capacity and endoscopic forms of lesions of the bronchopulmonary system of participants in the liquidation of the accident were determined. On the basis of pathomorphological, microbiological and immunological researches the pathomorphosis of chronic nonspecific lung diseases in the conditions of the Chernobyl catastrophe is proved. It is proved that under combined influence of external irradiation and inhalation of a fragmentary mixture of radionuclides in the condition of the Chernobyl catastrophe, the bronchopulmonary system has become one of the main «targets»-tissues, of realization of stochastic and nonstochastic effects. Key words: bronchopulmonary system, Chernobyl accident, influence of ionizing radiation, inhalation of radionuclides, pathomorphosis of diseases.

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