scholarly journals Conventional inoculants and biological protector, co-inoculation and nitrogen fertilization in soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Alfredo José Alves Neto ◽  
Maria Do Carmo Lana ◽  
Eloisa Lorenzetti ◽  
Nicanor Pilarski Henkemeier ◽  
Sergio Schimiloski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Elkanii

There is little information that supports the new technology of inoculants with biological protectors and indecates the results in soybean crop. In order to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of soybean crop to conventional inoculants, inoculants with protectors, co-inculation with Azospirillum brasilense and at increasing doses of N. The treatments consisted of: Control; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + biological protector; Bradhyrizobium elkanii + Bradhyrizobium japonicum + biological protector; Bradyrhizobium elkanii; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + biological protector + co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + biological protector; Dose 20 kg ha-1 of N; Dose N 40 kg ha-1 and Dose N 60 kg ha-1 of N. Nodulation, chlorophyll a, b and total content, nitrogen content in leaf tissue and grains were evaluated thousand grain mass and productivity were evaluated. The biological agents tested in the experiment provided an increase in the number of nodules and an increase in the mass of 1,000 grains when compared nitrogen fertilization. The treatments with nitrogen fertilization, compared to the treatments with inoculation, were higher for chlorophyll a, b and total contents. Long-life inoculants, in the absence and presence of coinoculation in seed treatment, demonstrated efficiency in number of nodules and in the supply of N in soybean crop, with superior responses on the non-inoculated control, even in soil with initial concentration 1,510 10-4 bacteria cells per gram of soil. Long-life inoculants offer greater practicality to the rural producer and demonstrated efficiency in the supply of N to soybean crop.

scholarly journals Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Potential Mechanisms in Bupleurum L. (Apiaceae) Induced by Three Levels of Nitrogen Fertilization

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2291
Author(s):  
Jialin Sun ◽  
Weinan Li ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Yun Guo ◽  
Zejia Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Nitrogen Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Bupleurum (Apiaceae) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Although roots are the only used parts in China, other countries use the whole plant. The yield and quality of Bupleurum depend mainly on fertilizers, especially nitrogen. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the nitrogen fertilization level and the quality and metabolomic response of different parts (flowers, main shoots, lateral shoots and roots) of Bupleurum to three nitrogen fertilization levels (control group: 0 kg·ha−1; low-nitrogen group: 55 kg·ha−1; high-nitrogen group: 110 kg·ha−1). The results showed that a high nitrogen level increases Bupleurum yield and quality parameters only in aerial parts, especially flowers, but has no significant effect on roots. The HPLC method was exploited for simultaneous quantification of three saikosaponins (A, C and D), which are the main bioactive components in the plant. It was found that the total content of saikosaponins decreased with high nitrogen fertilization in roots but significantly increased in flowers. Moreover, nitrogen fertilizer promoted the content of saikosaponin A but inhibited saikosaponins C and saikosaponins D in most parts of the plant. To study the response of primary metabolites, we adopted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC−MS) analysis; 84 metabolites were identified that were mostly up-regulated with a high nitrogen level in flowers but down-regulated in roots. Four differential metabolites—D-fructose, lactose, ether and glycerol—were recognized as key metabolites in Bupleurum under nitrogen fertilization. Meanwhile, The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results explained that the impact of nitrogen fertilization on Bupleurum was attributed to the C-metabolism, N-metabolism, and lipids metabolism. This research put forward new insights into potential mechanisms and the relationship between the quality and yield of Bupleurum and nitrogen fertilization.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Mombasa Grass ( Megathyrsus maximus ) Dependence on Nitrogen Fertilization as a Function of Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubson da Costa Leite ◽  
Antonio Clementino dos Santos ◽  
José Geraldo Donizetti dos Santos ◽  
Robson da Costa Leite ◽  
Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense

scholarly journals Rhizobacteria inoculation in maize associated with nitrogen and zinc fertilization at sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Andréia de L. Moreno ◽  
Jorge F. Kusdra ◽  
Angelita A. C. Picazevicz
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Total Dry Weight

ABSTRACT Rhizobacteria have a wide range of plant growth-promoting mechanisms of action, making them an alternative and/or complementary biological input for chemical fertilizers. In this respect, the present study aimed to assess growth and nitrogen accumulation in maize plants as a function of Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, zinc and nitrogen application at sowing. The experiment with the ‘AL Bandeirante’ maize variety was conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with six repetitions, considering the presence and absence of Azospirillum brasilense (5 g kg-1), Bacillus subtilis (5 mL kg-1) and zinc (20 g kg-1) in the seeds and addition or not of nitrogen (30 kg ha-1) to the soil. The variables assessed were plant height, stem diameter, leaf, stem, shoot, root and total dry weight, and shoot nitrogen content. Nitrogen fertilization in the absence of zinc increased shoot and total dry weight as well as shoot nitrogen content. Zinc applied to the seeds improved the total and stem dry weight of maize plants in the absence of Bacillus subtilis. Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis increased the stem diameter and shoot nitrogen content of maize plants when nitrogen fertilization was not performed at sowing. There was no isolated or interaction effect between factors for plant height and root dry weight.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS WITH COMPOSITIONS OF METABOLICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON THE CONTENT OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS IN THE LEAVES OF WINTER RYE PLANTS OF SYNTHETIC 38 AND ZABAVA VARIETIES AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ONTOGENESIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11(75)) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
А. Kurylenko ◽  
O. Kurylenko ◽  
О. Kuchmenko ◽  
V. Havii
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Ubiquinone 10 ◽  
Active Substances

Purpose. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of pre-sowing treatment of winter rye seeds of Synthetic 38 and Zabava with compositions of metabolically active substances on the content of photosynthetic pigments in plant leaves at different phases of ontogenesis. Materials and methods. The research materials were winter rye varieties Synthetic 38 and Zabava, and combinations of metabolically active substances: vitamin E (10-8M), paraoxybenzoic acid (0,001%), methionine (0,001%), ubiquinone-10 (10-8M) and MgSO4 (0,001%). The research scheme provided 4 options: 1) control (untreated seeds); 2) seeds, treated with a composition of substances: vitamin E + paraoxybenzoic acid + methionine + MgSO4; 3) seeds treated with a composition of substances: vitamin E + paraoxybenzoic acid + methionine; 4) seeds, processing by composition of substances: vitamin E + ubiquinone-10. Studies were conducted in the following phases of rye development: tillering, tubing, earing, flowering. The content of pigments - chlorophyll a, b and the total content of chlorophyll in the leaves of rye plants was determined by spectrophotometric method. Results and conclusions. It was demonstrated for the first time that the use of compositions of metabolically active compounds for pre-sowing treatment of winter rye varieties Synthetic 38 and Zabava leads to an increase of main chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b in plant leaves in the dynamics from tillering to flowering. The composition consisting of vitamin E, para-oxybenzoic acid, methionine and MgSO4 showed the greatest efficiency. The effectiveness of this composition may be due to the complex action of all metabolically active compounds that are part of it. The obtained results may indicate a potentially more efficient absorption and conversion of energy by plants and the positive effect of these compositions on the photosynthesis of winter rye plants. Substances that have shown their effectiveness can be used as components of stimulants.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll Content in Leaves of Wheat as Influenced by Inorganic, Organic and Integrated Sources of Nutrient Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Megha Vishwakarma ◽  
P. S. Kulhare ◽  
G. S. Tagore
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Spad Value

Field experiments were conducted during winter season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 with three sources of nutrient  viz., inorganic, organics (FYM, VC and biofertilizers) and their integration as main treatments and five levels [S1-0 (0-0-0 kg NPK ha-1), S2-100% (120-60-40 kg NPK ha-1), S3-150% (180-90-60 kg NPK ha-1), S4-200% (240-120-80 kg NPK ha-1) and S5-Soil Test based (STV) NPK i.e. 149-176-33 kg ha-1 in split plot design with three replications. The chlorophyll content (‘a’, ‘b’ and total) in leaves and Soil Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) value were recorded at crown root initiation (CRI), tillering, jointing and milking stage of wheat. The pooled data of findings revealed that the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase in the SPAD readings (9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.76, 0.83, 1.47 and 0.63 mg g-1 leaf tissue), ‘b’ (0.44, 0.78, 0.87 and 0.57 mg g-1 leaf tissue) and total (1.19, 1.64, 2.25 and 1.14 mg g-1 leaf tissue) chlorophyll content in leaves over organic source at all the growth stages. All the levels of nutrient were significantly increased the chlorophyll content and SPAD value over control at all the stages except chlorophyll ‘a’ at jointing and milking stage. However, amongst the levels 150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK for SPAD value (8.32 and 8.71 at CRI and 12.56 and 12.19 at tillering), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.73 and 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI), chlorophyll ‘b’ (0.46 and 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI, 0.68 and 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissue at tillering and 0.53 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue at milking), respectively. The interaction results suggested that the 200% NPK with inorganic and integrated sources significantly superior to 100% NPK for chlorophyll ‘a’ content at jointing and milking stage. The application of 150% and 200% NPK with inorganic source were found significantly higher over the same level of NPK with integrated source of nutrient for total chlorophyll content and SPAD value at all the growth stages except 150% NPK for total chlorophyll at jointing and milking stage and SPAD value at milking stage. The correlation between SPAD value and chlorophyll ’a’, ‘b’, total were found significantly and positively at all growth stages. Coefficient of determination values between SPAD and chlorophyll content showed linear relationship at all the growth stages.

scholarly journals Doses and forms of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation on maize crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. K. Santini ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽  
Fernando S. Galindo ◽  
Daniel N. Coaguila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT In search of a more sustainable agriculture, the use of beneficial microorganisms has been highlighted, because they are low-cost and can reduce the use of fertilizers and increase grain yield. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of A. brasilense inoculation and the best form and dose of inoculation in maize, measuring the impact on some physical characteristics and on its nutrition. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates and eight treatments: 1) control; 2) Seed 1x; 3) Seed 2x; 4) Soil 1x; 5) Soil 2x; 6) Leaf 1x; 7) Leaf 2x; 8) Seed 1x + Leaf 1x, respectively representing in each treatment the site and dose of application (1x, dose recommended by the manufacturer; 2x, twice the dose recommended by the manufacturer). No differences were found in any physical characteristics evaluated between treatments; however, for nutrient contents in the leaf tissue, there was effect on Zn content. It was concluded that, regardless of the presence of A. brasilense inoculation, forms or dose (in hybrid DKB 350), in general, there were no improvements in the characteristics evaluated.

scholarly journals Shelf-Life of Bunched Carrots as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Leaf Presence

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Anita Ierna ◽  
Rosario Paolo Mauro ◽  
Cherubino Leonardi ◽  
Francesco Giuffrida
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Nitrates Content

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is essential for adequate earliness and the commercial attractiveness of carrots, but its excess could generate fast decay during postharvest, mostly in bunched carrots exhibiting their highly perishable leaves. A field experiment was conducted over the 2016–2017 growing season to address the effects of two N fertilization rates (120 and 240 kg N ha−1, hereafter N120 and N240, respectively) and leaf presence/absence (leaf+ and leaf−) on physicochemical and compositional traits of carrots cv. ‘Dordogne’, after storage at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C, 95–96% relative humidity (RH) for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 days (hereafter S0–S24). Before storage, carrots were arranged in bunches and packaged in common low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches (thickness 95 μm), 54 × 24 cm size, with 16 holes of 5 mm size. N240 carrots compared to N120 showed higher cumulative weight loss (CWL) and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 108 vs. 41 g kg−1 fresh weight (FW) and 13.3 vs. 14.5 N, respectively. N240 compared to N120 increased also the color deviation (ΔE*ab, +126%) and nitrates content (+93%) of carrots and slowed down their temporal increase of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Leaf+ carrots compared to leaf boosted CWL and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 90 vs. 58 g kg−1 FW and 12 vs. 17 N, respectively. In addition, leaf presence increased reducing sugars (+17%) and decreased nitrates (−24%) contents. This research has shown the possibility of improving the desirable quality and shelf-life of carrots by halving the N dose commonly supplied by growers and marketing bunched carrots within 12 days from the start of storage.

scholarly journals Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) morphophysiology under salinity stress and ascorbic acid treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
Ana Gabriela de Sousa Basílio ◽  
Leonardo Vieira De Sousa ◽  
Toshik Iarley Da Silva ◽  
Joana Gomes De Moura ◽  
Anderson Carlos de Melo Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Fluorescence Maximum ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L

The use of saline or low-quality water in agriculture is an alternative to increasing water demand, especially in arid or semi-arid regions. However, the use of water with high levels of salts causes disturbances in plants, which can lead to their death; thus, alternatives to mitigate these effects are relevant in current agriculture. Currently, antioxidants are used to mitigate the effects of salts in plants, and among them ascorbic acid has been frequently mentioned. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation with saline water combined with applications of ascorbic acid on the development and photosynthetic activity of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants. This experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a randomized block design, with the treatments distributed in a 5.5 incomplete factorial scheme, composed of five electrical conductivities of the irrigation water (ECw): 0.50, 1.30, 3.25, 5.20 and 6.00 dS m-1, and five ascorbic acid (AA) doses: 0.00, 0.29, 1.00, 1.71, and 2.00 mM. The evaluated variables were: shoot height, leaf number, tuberous root diameter, chlorophyll a, b and total content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, variable fluorescence and quantum yield of photosystem II. The saline water influenced the analyzed variables in the radish crop regardless of the ascorbic acid application. The ascorbic acid was not efficient in attenuating the deleterious effect of salinity in the irrigation water on the development and fluorescence of the radish. However, it was observed that the concentration of 1.00 mM of ascorbic acid promoted an increase in chlorophyll a, b and total in the saltstressed radish plants.

scholarly journals Inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense associated with silicon as a liming source to improve nitrogen fertilization in wheat crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Willian Lima Rodrigues ◽  
Eduardo Henrique Marcandalli Boleta ◽  
Vinicius Martins Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense
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