scholarly journals Cotton response to nitrogen fertilization in the integrated crop-livestock system

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Kátia Cristina Silva ◽  
Isabela Machado de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Hector José Valerio Ardon
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Use Efficiency

Cotton has been widely cultivated in the Cerrado region, including the crop-livestock integration system under no-till. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of plant residues from ruzigrass [Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. C.M. Evrard) Crins] and nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen use efficiency, growth, and yield of cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum L. R. latifolium Hutch.), cv. TMG 44 B2RF. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a split plot scheme, with four replications. The plots consisted of three production systems: i) conventional cotton cropping in fallow area; ii) cotton cropping in the presence of straw from the shoots and roots of ruzigrass plants; iii) cotton cropping only in the presence of residues from the ruzigrass roots. The subplots consisted of five rates of N (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha–1), applied at 30 and 50 days after seedling emergence. The presence of ruzigrass straw provided less growth and development of cotton, in addition to less N uptake by plants. The cotton cropping in the crop-livestock integration system in the presence of residues from the roots and shoots of the ruzigrass plants resulted in the greater cotton yield in the second year, demonstrating the importance of the straw formation of the cover crops for the sandy soils of the Cerrado region. The optimal application rate of N in topdressing for the cropping of cotton in succession or not with ruzigrass residues in sandy soil varies from 100 to 110 kg N ha–1.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization of vegetables cultivated under no-tillage after cover crops

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto BF Branco ◽  
Sally F Blat ◽  
Tais GS Gimenes ◽  
Rodrigo HD Nowaki ◽  
Humberto S Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

ABSTRACT The production of horticultural crops in no-tillage and in rotation with cover crops reduces the dependency in nitrogen fertilizer, due to increased soil organic matter and by biological fixation performed by legumes. Thus, the aim of this work was to study rates of nitrogen fertilization and cover crops in the agronomic performance of tomato and broccoli grown under no-tillage. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with four replications. Treatments consisted of cover crops, sunn hemp and millet, and four rates of nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg/ha of nitrogen), for both the tomato and broccoli crops. All soil management was performed in no-tillage. For tomato crops we evaluated the plant growth, the nitrate concentration of sprouts and fruits and yield of commercial and non commercial fruits. For broccoli we evaluated plant growth and yield. There was an interaction effect between cover crop and nitrogen rates to tomato growth measured at 100 days after transplanting, for plant height, number of fruit bunches, dry mass of leaves and diameter of the stalk. The tomato commercial fruit number and yield showed maximum values with 137 and 134 kg/ha of N respectively, on the sunn hemp straw. The nitrate concentration of the tomato sprouts was linearly increasing with the increase of nitrogen rates, when grown on the millet straw. For broccoli production, the maximum fresh mass of commercial inflorescence was with 96 kg/ha of N, when grown on the millet straw.

scholarly journals Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 4 is a master regulator of nitrogen use efficiency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Zi-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Jing-Qiu Xia ◽  
Alamin Alfatih ◽  
Ying Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Master Regulator ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

AbstractNitrogen (N) is one of the key essential macronutrients that affects rice growth and yield. Inorganic N fertilizers are excessively used to boost yield and generate serious collateral environmental pollution. Therefore, improving crop N use efficiency (NUE) is highly desirable and has been a major endeavor in crop improvement. However, only a few regulators have been identified that can be used to improve NUE in rice to date. Here we show that the NIN-like protein OsNLP4 significantly improves the rice NUE and yield. Field trials consistently showed that loss-of-OsNLP4 dramatically reduced yield and NUE compared with wild type under different N regimes. In contrast, the OsNLP4 overexpression lines remarkably increased yield by 30% and NUE by 47% under moderate N level compared with wild type. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that OsNLP4 orchestrates the expression of a majority of known N uptake, assimilation and signaling genes by directly binding to the nitrate-responsive cis-element in their promoters to regulate their expression. Moreover, overexpression of OsNLP4 can recover the phenotype of Arabidopsis nlp7 mutant and enhance its biomass. Our results demonstrate that OsNLP4 is a master regulator of NUE in rice and sheds light on crop NUE improvement.

scholarly journals Investigating the Combined Effect of Tillage, Nitrogen Fertilization and Cover Crops on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat

Agronomy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazzar Habbib ◽  
Bertrand Hirel ◽  
Julien Verzeaux ◽  
David Roger ◽  
Jérôme Lacoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Combining Green Manuring and Fertigation Maximizes Tomato Crop Yield and Minimizes Nitrogen Losses

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Michela Farneselli ◽  
Paolo Benincasa ◽  
Giacomo Tosti ◽  
Marcello Guiducci ◽  
Francesco Tei
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of fertilizing processing tomato by coupling the green manuring of fall-winter cover crops with fertigation in spring-summer. In a two-year experiment, seven fertilization treatments were compared: green manuring of pure barley (B100) and pure vetch (V100) sown at 100% of their ordinary seeding rates, green manuring of a barley-vetch mixture at a ratio of 75:25 of their own seed rates (B75V25), fertigation with drip irrigation at a rate of 200 kg ha−1 of nitrogen (N) (Fert_N200), fertigation combined with B100 and B75V25 at a N rate complementary to 200 kg N ha−1 (B100 + Fert and B75V25 + Fert, respectively), and an unfertilized control (N0) with no cover crops for green manuring prior to tomato transplanting or fertigation. The Fert_N200 treatment resulted in maximum tomato N uptake, growth and yield, but caused high N leaching, especially during the no-cover fall-winter period, as was also the case for N0. The V100 treatment promoted quite good tomato N status and yield, but did not reduce N leaching. The B100 and B75V25 treatments reduced N leaching but decreased tomato N uptake, growth and yield. The B100 + Fert and B75V25 + Fert treatments reduced N leaching, likely increased soil N stock, and facilitated optimal tomato N nutrition and maximum yields. Combining fertigation with green manuring of cover crops composed of pure grass or grass-legume mixtures appears to be a very effective and environmentally sound practice for fertilizing high N-demanding spring-summer crops like processing tomato.

scholarly journals Assessing Wheat Response to N Fertilization in a Wheat–Maize–Soybean Long-Term Rotation through NUE Measurements

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
Anamaria Mălinaș ◽  
Ioan Rotar ◽  
Rozalia Kadar ◽  
Valeria Deac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen fertilization is indispensable in increasing wheat crop productivity but, in order to achieve maximum profitable production and minimum negative environmental impact, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) should be considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in a long-term wheat–maize–soybean rotation system with the final purpose of increasing the overall performance of the wheat cropping system. Research was undertaken at the Agricultural Research Development Station Turda (ARDS Turda), located in Western Transylvania Plain, Romania. The experimental field was carried out at a fixed place during seven wheat vegetation seasons. The plant material consisted of a wheat variety created by the ARDS Turda (Andrada), one variety of maize (Turda 332) and one variety of soybean (Felix). The experiment covered two planting patterns: wheat after maize and wheat after soybean and five levels of nitrogen fertilization (control-unfertilized, fertilization with 0—control plot, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1 y−1). The following indices were assessed: NUE (nitrogen use efficiency), N uptake and PFP (partial factor productivity). The results of the present study suggest that reduced N-fertilization doses could improve N uptake and utilization for both planting patterns.

Cover crops and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil carbon and nitrogen and tomato yield

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. M. Sainju ◽  
B. P. Singh ◽  
W. F. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Crimson Clover ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
C And N

Cover crops can influence soil properties and crop yield. We examined the influence of legume [hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.)] and nonlegume [rye (Secale cereale L.)] cover crops and N fertilization (0, 90, and 180 kg N ha−1) on the short- and long-term effects on soil C and N and tomato yield and N uptake. We measured organic C and N (long-term effects), potential C and N mineralization (PCM and PNM) and inorganic N (short-term effects) periodically on a Greenville fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic, Rhodic Kandiudults) planted with tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) from April to August in 1996 and 1997 in Georgia USA. Soil C and N concentrations increased early in the growing season with cover crop residue incorporation, but decreased as the residue decomposed. Rye increased organic N and maintained greater levels of organic C and PCM after 3 yr than other treatments. In contrast, hairy vetch and crimson clover increased PNM and inorganic N soon after residue incorporation into the soil and produced tomato yield and N uptake similar to that produced by 90 and 180 kg N ha–1. Nitrogen fertilization increased PNM and inorganic N after split application and tomato yield and N uptake but decreased organic C and N and PCM compared with rye. Compared with 0 kg N ha–1, nonlegume cover crops, such as rye can increase organic C and N and PCM but legume cover crops, such as hairy vetch and crimson clover, can enrich soil N and produce tomato yield and N uptake similar to that produced by 90 and 180 kg N ha−1. Key words: Cover crops, nitrogen fertilization, soil carbon, soil nitrogen, tomato yield

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on grain protein content, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, in relation to estimated moisture supply

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Gauer ◽  
C. A. Grant ◽  
L. D. Bailey ◽  
D. T. Gehl
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

The effects of nitrogen fertilization on protein content, N uptake and N use efficiency of grain for six spring wheat cultivars were evaluated over a N application range of 0–200 kg ha−1, under two moisture supply levels, on Black Chernozemic soils in Manitoba. Moisture supply influenced protein content, protein yield, and grain N use efficiency (NUE) of applied fertilizer. Increased moisture supply lowered protein content and increased protein yield and NUE. Increasing N level increased protein, N uptake and decreased NUE, but effects depended on moisture supply. Cultivar differences occurred, especially at the higher moisture level.Key words: Protein, Triticum aestivum L., nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency, moisture

scholarly journals Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 rapidly responds to nitrogen deficiency and improves yield and nitrogen use efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (19) ◽  
pp. 6032-6042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alamin Alfatih ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Zi-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Jin-Qiu Xia ◽  
Sami Ullah Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract Nitrogen (N) is indispensable for crop growth and yield, but excessive agricultural application of nitrogenous fertilizers has generated severe environmental problems. A desirable and economical solution to cope with these issues is to improve crop nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Plant NUE has been a focal point of intensive research worldwide, yet much still has to be learned about its genetic determinants and regulation. Here, we show that rice (Oryza sativa L.) NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (OsNLP1) plays a fundamental role in N utilization. OsNLP1 protein localizes in the nucleus and its transcript level is rapidly induced by N starvation. Overexpression of OsNLP1 improves plant growth, grain yield, and NUE under different N conditions, while knockout of OsNLP1 impairs grain yield and NUE under N-limiting conditions. OsNLP1 regulates nitrate and ammonium utilization by cooperatively orchestrating multiple N uptake and assimilation genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and yeast one-hybrid assays showed that OsNLP1 can directly bind to the promoter of these genes to activate their expression. Therefore, our results demonstrate that OsNLP1 is a key regulator of N utilization and represents a potential target for improving NUE and yield in rice.

scholarly journals Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics Affected by Drip Irrigation Methods and Fertilization Practices in a Pomegranate Orchard

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tirado-Corbalá ◽  
Suduan Gao ◽  
James E. Ayars ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Claude J. Phene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Knowledge of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics under different irrigation practices in pomegranate orchards is novel and essential to develop sustainable production systems. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of high-frequency drip irrigation and different rates of N fertilizer on C and N distribution in the soil and N uptake by pomegranate fruit and leaves. The main treatments were surface drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), and the sub-treatments used were three initial N rates (N1, N2, and N3). As trees grew larger, the N application rate increased. From 2013–2015, trees received the following rates of N: 62–113 (N1), 166–263 (N2), or 244–342 kg/ha (N3). Soil and leaf total C (TC) and N (TN), soil dissolved organic C (DOC), soil nitrate (NO3−), and total N uptake by fruit were evaluated between 2012 and 2015. Soil samples were collected to 120 cm depth at 15 cm increments. DI resulted in higher concentrations of TN, TC, NO3−, and DOC in the upper 75 cm depth than SDI. The N3 treatment resulted in higher concentrations of TN, TC, NO3−, and DOC under both DI and SDI. Neither DI nor SDI at the N1 or N2 levels increased TN and NO3− concentrations at 105–120 cm soil depth, indicating reduced leaching risk using high-frequency drip irrigation. Higher N uptake by fruit was observed in SDI than in DI in 2014 and 2015, and in N2 and N3 treatments compared with N1 in 2013 and 2014. The data indicate that the application rate at 166–263 kg/ha (N2) provided sufficient N for a 4–6-year-old pomegranate orchard and that high-frequency SDI is a promising technology for achieving higher N use efficiency and minimizing leaching loss of NO3− and DOC.

scholarly journals Nutrient use Efficiency in Calcareous Soil Amended by the Silicate, Humate and Compost

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dalal H. Sary ◽  
Rama T. Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aims: A study was carried out in the field aims to study the response of a calcareous soil cultivated by soybean to the application of K-silicate (K-Si), K-humate (K-H), and compost at application rates 50% and 100% of the recommended dose. Study Design: Complete randomized block design with three replicates. Place and Duration of Study: At El-Nubaryia Agricultural Research Station (latitude of 30° 30°N longitude of 30° 20°E) Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Nubaryia, Egypt (Summer seasons of 2018 and 2019). Methodology: Compost was mixed with surface soil a week before cultivation at application rates 3.75 and 7.5 kg plot-1 (3.91 and 7.81 t ha-1, respectively). Powder K-H was spread on soil at application rates 7.5 and 15 g plot-1 while aqueous solutions of K-Si; 8 and 16 mL L-1 for plot was sprayed on soil 30, 60, and 90 days after cultivation. Results: Results showed that soil moisture(SM, %) was increased by the 100% application rate in the order compost (20.6%) > K-Si (19.3%) > K-H (19.1%). A significant increase was found in the seed yield (kg ha-1) by 129.5%, 84.8% and 70.6% by compost, K-H and K-Si, respectively. Compost at 100% application rate showed the most significant increase in the available nitrogen N (mg kg-1) in soil by 104.4% followed by K-H (by 81.8%) then K-Si by 23.4%. Compost also showed the most significant increase in the N uptake from soil (kg ha-1 soil) by seeds and straw followed by K-H then K-Si. The nutrient use efficiency (NUE, %) and agronomic efficiency (AE) values decreased in the order K-H > K-Si > compost at 50% and 100% application rates. Conclusion: The quite smaller dose and ease of field application by spraying may make the K-H more agronomically efficient than K-Si and compost.

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