scholarly journals Growth and genetic parameters of progenies of Cordia trichotoma in the juvenile phase

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Soares de Almeida ◽  
Guilherme da Silva Assis ◽  
Lucas Amaral de Melo ◽  
Gabriel Campos Almeida Silva ◽  
Eduardo Willian Andrade Resende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Variation Coefficient ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
The Individual

Increasing the productive potential of native species is a challenge for forest genetic improvement. Progeny tests are efficient tools to determine the reproductive capacity of individuals and to assist with the selection of superior genotypes. Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud, is a native species of commercial interest due to its high potential for sawn wood. The performance of seedling production from different progenies was the objective of this work. Seeds were collected from 34 matrices selected phenotypically and georeferenced in the region of Lavras - MG. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications of 12 plants. Germination after 70 days of sowing, survival and height at 170 days after germination were evaluated. Height and genetic parameters were estimated according to mixed REML / BLUP models using the Selegen software model 82. Progeny 104 (70.8%) was superior in germination and progenies 86 (35.42%), 92 (35.42%) and 111 (43.75%) had the highest survival rates. Height shows high values for the individual additive genetic variation coefficient (49.18%) and genotypic variation coefficient between progenies (24.59%) and moderate values of heritability in the restricted individual sense (0.45) and heritability within progenies (0.38). Due to high values for the coefficient of genotypic variation and moderate values of heritability, there is a potential for height improvements. Progenies 104 stand out in the germination and the progenies 86, 92 and 111 in the seedlings survival). Regarding height, progeny 95 is the only one that stands out negatively.

scholarly journals Utilization of Trash Fish for Cultivation of Crablet Mud Crab (Scylla serrata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Heppi Iromo ◽  
Dori Rachmawani ◽  
Abdul Jabarsyah ◽  
Zainuddin Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Width ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichiurus Lepturus ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
In The Wild

The high demand for mud crabs in North Kalimantan causes catch to increase in the wild. If it is not balanced with efforts to increase its aquaculture of mud crab, in the future there will be a decline in population. This study aims to determine the growth and survival rate of mud crab seed (crablet, Scylla serrata) in the application method of different types of trash fish. This research used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The Crablet used carapace width average 0.07-0.09 cm and weigh average 0.05-0.07 g with total 150 crablets. The treatments applied by trash fish were (A) Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus), (B) Longfin Herrings Fish (Ilisha elongata), (C) Sword Fish (Trichiurus lepturus) and (D) Snails (Telescopium telescopium). The results were The best weight growth of crablet occurs in the treatment of T. lepturus (P>0.05) and  the highest of survival rates of crablet were found in treatment T. telescopium (P<0.05)  than the other. The trash fish were used turned out to be able survival of crablet mud crab (Scylla serrata).

scholarly journals Promoting Color Brightness of Clown Loach (Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker) by Mixing Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Powder with Feed Stuff

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Ayi Yustiati ◽  
Syakirah Imtinan Zurwana ◽  
Achmad Rizal ◽  
Yuli Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal dose of the addition of red spinach powder to artificial feed on the brightness of clown loach. This research was conducted at Aquaculture Laboratory Building 4 Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences of Universitas Padjadjaran from April to May 2020. This research method is experimental with a Completely Randomized Design consisting of four treatments and three replications. The red spinach powder addition treatment used 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of the feed amount. The parameters observed are color value as primary data by using Toca Color Finder, while the growth, survival rate, and water quality as support data. Color assessment results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, if there were significant differences, Z test would be performed. Growth data and survival rates were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Because the F test results were not significantly different, the Duncan test was not carried out. The results showed that the addition of  6% red spinach powder is the best treatment with an increased color brightness value of 5,63.

scholarly journals Renewable organic waste as substrate conditioning for the production of Euterpe oleracea seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. e76101724345
Author(s):  
Amanda da Silva Reis ◽  
Nayara Martins Alencar ◽  
João Batista Fernandes da Cruz ◽  
Maria Luara Aragão Silva ◽  
Flavia Barreira Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Absolute Growth

Forest restoration has the premise of restoring degraded native vegetation to conditions prior to degradation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of seedlings of a native species from the Amazon biome (Euterpe oleracea) under different substrates. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Tocantins, using a completely randomized design, and a 5x 4 factorial scheme, with five substrates (babassu stem + soil, babassu stem + rice husk + soil, coconut fiber + soil, babassu stem + fiber coconut + rice husk + soil, commercial substrate + soil - control), four trial periods (50, 100, 150 and 200 days). The evaluated variables: plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter, seedling quality index, leaf area and absolute growth rate. The growth of assai seedlings was influenced by the different substrates, until the 150 days after transplanting the quality and development of the seedlings were the same, both for the treatments that used commercial substrate and for the treatments that used renewable materials in their composition. The treatment using babassu stem (T1) obtained better shoot dry matter, total dry matter and seedling quality index values, in addition to being a material found in abundance in the regions, making this treatment the most viable and recommended for the production of assai seedlings.

scholarly journals STUDY ON SURVIVABILITY OF NEWLY HATCHED LARVAE OF TWO SPECIES OF PEPPERMINT SHRIMP FED WITH DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS AND DENSITIES OF LIVE FOODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Indra Pratama ◽  
Hatim Albasri
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Peppermint Shrimp ◽  
Trial Treatment ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Average Survival Rate

This study was aimed to evaluate different types and combinations of live foods in relation to the survivability of newly hatched Lysmata vittata and Lysmata intermedia larvae. The experiment consisted of three trials (different species, combinations, and densities of live foods) arranged in a completely randomized design. The first and second trials were subjected to L. vittata with three treatments for each trial (1A, 1B, 1C for trial-1; 1D, 1E, 1F for trial-2). The third trial consisted of two treatments (2A and 2B) tested on L. intermedia. Each treatment had three replicates. The results showed that the survival rates were low in all treatments. However, each treatment showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the average survival rate of L. vittata and L. intermedia larvae. In the first trial, treatment 1C was the only one that had survived larvae after day 35 with 4.44% of final average survival rate (FASR). Four of the larvae reached the post-larval stage. In the second trial, treatment 1F showed a better condition than the other treatments with 5.56% FASR. Nevertheless, no larvae in the second trial had transformed to post-larval stage before the experiment ended at day 46. In the third trial, no larvae survived to reach the post-larval stage. In spite of this, treatment 2B had better daily average survival rate (DASR) than treatment 2A. This research concludes that the use of copepods as live food at an early larval stage and Artemia at a later stage is relatively more effective to improve the survival rate of peppermint shrimp larvae.

Identification of superior native and introduced grasses for low-input pastures in temperate Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sanford ◽  
R. D. B. Whalley ◽  
D. L. Garden ◽  
M. R. Norton ◽  
C. M. Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
North West ◽  
Mixed Farming ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
C3 Grasses ◽  
Infertile Soils

This paper is the fifth in a series describing trials evaluating native and introduced grasses at eight locations across temperate Australia. In these trials, 62 perennial grass lines were assessed for herbage production, survival and recruitment under low fertiliser conditions using spaced plants produced in glass houses and transplanted into the field. Sites were grouped into three different climatic zones: Eastern Australian permanent pasture, Eastern Australian mixed farming and Mediterranean zone. For each of these zones, superior lines were identified and their potential use in permanent pastures or mixed farming discussed. Among the C3 grasses tested, several lines of Dactylis glomerata from France on the Mediterranean coast near the Spanish border and from north-west maritime France proved to be superior lines in all zones and were better than the standard comparator cv. Currie with regard to the attributes assessed. In general, the D. glomerata lines were superior to the C3 native species except with respect to survival and recruitment. The C4 introduced standard comparator Eragrostis curvula cv. Consol was outstanding with regard to its herbage production and survival in all climatic zones, although its recruitment was generally low. Native C4 lines of Themeda australis and Paspalidium jubiflorum yielded well in all climatic zones, and even produced more herbage than Consol in one zone. Survival rates of T. australis and P. jubiflorum were also very high but recruitment was low under the conditions of the trial. In mixed pastures C4 grasses may reduce fluctuations in feed supply as well as increase water use. As a consequence mixtures of superior C3 and C4 lines identified in this study are likely to be suitable for pastures on infertile soils and in zones subjected to continuous or periodic drought. Further work on the behaviour of these superior lines under sward conditions in association with forage legumes and their responses to grazing is needed; however, for the promising native lines, sward trials are not possible until suitable technology for commercial seed production and broad acre establishment of these lines has been developed.

scholarly journals Eigenloss: Combined PCA-Based Loss Function for Polyp Segmentation

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1316
Author(s):  
Luisa F. Sánchez-Peralta ◽  
Artzai Picón ◽  
Juan Antonio Antequera-Barroso ◽  
Juan Francisco Ortega-Morán ◽  
Francisco M. Sánchez-Margallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Loss Functions ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Linear Combinations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Death Causes

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading cancer death causes worldwide, but its early diagnosis highly improves the survival rates. The success of deep learning has also benefited this clinical field. When training a deep learning model, it is optimized based on the selected loss function. In this work, we consider two networks (U-Net and LinkNet) and two backbones (VGG-16 and Densnet121). We analyzed the influence of seven loss functions and used a principal component analysis (PCA) to determine whether the PCA-based decomposition allows for the defining of the coefficients of a non-redundant primal loss function that can outperform the individual loss functions and different linear combinations. The eigenloss is defined as a linear combination of the individual losses using the elements of the eigenvector as coefficients. Empirical results show that the proposed eigenloss improves the general performance of individual loss functions and outperforms other linear combinations when Linknet is used, showing potential for its application in polyp segmentation problems.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration of Indigenous Tree Species in Broussonetia papyrifera Invaded Sites in Pra -Anum Forest Reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Kwesi Yalley ◽  
Daniel Adusu ◽  
Abdul-Rahman Bunyamin ◽  
Isaac Okyere ◽  
Austin Asare
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Indigenous Tree Species ◽  
Control And Management

Broussonetia papyrifera invasion poses a serious threat to indigenous tree species in Ghana. Many conservation scientists therefore emphasize the need to control, manage, and possibly eradicate the species. However, attempts at control and management require adequate knowledge of its ecology and impact on invaded ecosystems. Employing a complete randomized design with twenty-four (24) 20 m × 20 m plots, 12 each on invaded and uninvaded sites, this study assesses the indigenous species regeneration potential under Broussonetia papyrifera-invaded sites in the Pra-Anum forest reserve. The study provides evidence of the negative impact of Broussonetia on the regenerative capacity of the reserve, as 335 seedlings per 4800 m2 distributed over 43 species were recorded on the uninvaded site compared to 156 seedlings per 4800 m2 distributed over 31 species on the invaded site. The study, however, observed some level of resilience of species belonging to the Ulmaceae and Lecythidaceae families, as they appeared fairly represented on the invaded site. Floristic diversity was also observed to be negatively impacted by Broussonetia invasion as mean Shannon and Simpson index values of 2.39 ± 0.71 and 0.89 ± 0.08 and 1.39 ± 0.24 and 0.64 ± 0.08 were recorded on the uninvaded and invaded sites, respectively. Furthermore, the Broussonetia invasion compromised the productivity of the forest ecosystem as 4.9 ± 1.61 mean economic tree species per 400 m2 plot were recorded on the invaded site compared to 13.8 ± 1.28 per 400 m2 plot on the uninvaded site. The study, therefore, concludes that Broussonetia invasion poses a serious threat to the integrity and productivity of the Pra-Anum forest reserve. Consequently, the study recommends the control of the spread of the species to protect the integrity of the Pra-Anum forest reserve. Also, restoration efforts in invaded areas of the reserve could consider the use of native species belonging to the Ulmaceae and Lecythidaceae families as they appear to be resilient to Broussonetia invasion.

Estimation of genetic parameters in beef cattle from records of performance

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (77) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Baharin ◽  
RG Beilharz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters ◽  
Calving Performance

An analysis of the growth and calving performance from a crossbreeding program involving four breeds of sires (Angus, Hereford, Friesian and Shorthorn) mated to three breeds of purebred dams (Angus, Hereford and Shorthorn) and three types of crossbred heifers (Angus x Hereford, Friesian x Angus and Friesian x Hereford) during the 1971 and 1972 calving seasons is presented. The performance of the individual breeds of dams and sires were evaluated from the size and growth rate of their progeny at birth, to weaning and post-weaning, as well as from the performance of the dams at calving measured in terms of incidence of difficult calving, percentage of calves dead at birth and twinning rate. Heritability estimates calculated from intra-class correlation of paternal half-sibs were compared from records obtained from purebred calves and from crossbred calves. Crossbred calves were heavier than the purebred calves at birth and grew faster between birth and weaning. After weaning, crossbred heifers grew significantly faster than the purebreds but no significant difference was observed among the steers. There was no significant difference in performance of crossbred calves produced by the purebred and crossbred dams. Calves from the Friesian sires and Friesian cross dams were heavier at birth than calves produced by the other three breeds of beef sires or the beef crossbred dams and they grew faster to weaning. Between weaning and yearling age both the crossbred steers and heifers from the Friesian sires continued to surpass the performance of the beef breeds of sires but there were no significant differences in the performance of three-breed-cross calves of the Friesian cross dams and the Angus x Hereford dams. Heritability estimates of growth rates calculated from data on the performance of the crossbred progeny generally were lower than those calculated from data of the purebred progeny. Higher estimates of heritability were obtained from the data of female progeny than from male progeny for birth weight but the trend was reversed for growth rates between birth to weaning and from weaning to yearling age.

Temporal Changes in the Suburban Avifauna of an Inland City

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
DN Jones
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
The Individual

The suburban bird community of Wagga Wagga, N.S.W., was surveyed during December 1978-January 1979 and May 1979, at nine sites selected to cover all ages of residential areas from predevelopment to oldest suburbs and to demonstrate how the bird community will change with time in response to changing habitat. Non-residential sites were also sampled. Sites were censused by foot transect. House sparrows which were present in all sites, were the first species to colonize new residential areas and made up over 95% of the individual count of four sites Of native species, 40% were found in undeveloped sites only. The population density of undeveloped sites was only half that of developed sites, but the greatest species diversity was found in undeveloped sites and the lowest in the most altered sites. There was strong evidence for a steady linear increase in numbers of individuals, numbers of species, biomass and population density with increasing age of residential area, reaching a peak at about 30 years.

scholarly journals Morpho-agronomic characterization and estimates of genetic parameters in annatto plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilma O Dias ◽  
Tiyoko NH Rebouças ◽  
Abel R São José ◽  
Cláudio LF Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Increasing Demand

ABSTRACT Originally from tropical America, annatto is an important source of natural dyes for food, pharmaceutical and textile industries, especially for the increasing demand of this pigment substituting artificial dyes. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotypic variation of annatto cultivar Embrapa 37, aiming to generate subsidies for breeding programs as well as to help out the producers using vegetative propagation of superior genotypes. Therefore, the morphological characterization was carried out and estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters, for production and quality of the fruits, were obtained. The results showed wide rate of genetic variability among the plants with low environmental influence on the phenotype for traits bixin content, fruit width, number of fruits per bunch and mass of 100 seeds. The authors concluded that superior genotypes can be selected through the parental performance and propagated vegetatively to form more profitable crops, as well as used in breeding programs through self-fertilization with analysis of resulting progeny.

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