scholarly journals Causes of stillbirth according to different gestational ages

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Aditi Jindal ◽  
Rama Thakur ◽  
Santosh Minhas
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Stillbirth Rate ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Stillbirth is one of the most common yet the most poorly studied adverse outcome of pregnancy. Objective of present study was to determine the risk factors and prevalence of stillbirth at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kamla Nehru State Hospital, for Mother and Child, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.Methods: A prospective non-interventional study was conducted with effect from 1st August 2015 to 31st July 2016, during which all the intrapartum and antepartum stillbirths were enrolled.Results: During the study period total number of stillbirth were 94 and the total number of live births were 6412, giving a stillbirth rate of 14.66/1000 live births. The perinatal mortality was 22.1/1000 births. The most common cause of stillbirth as revealed in the study was hypertensive disorder.Conclusions: The stillbirth rate in the study was higher than the stillbirth rate of developed countries. Improvement of socioeconomic conditions, literacy and health education among women will definitely be important to curb the staggeringly high stillbirth rate, but the need of the hour is to deploy adequate number of dedicated skilled providers.

scholarly journals Meningitis in late onset sepsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Vivek Arora ◽  
Lalit Mohan Sharma ◽  
Dinesh Jangid ◽  
Vijay Choudhary ◽  
Ram Prakash Bairwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Screen

Background: Neonatal sepsis contributes substantially to neonatal morbidity and mortality and is an ongoing major global public health challenge. In developed countries, this incidence of neonatal meningitis is 0.3 per 1000 live births. In developing countries, the reported incidence of neonatal meningitis is much higher at 0.8-6.1 per 1000 live births, with a mortality of 40-58%. So, this study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of meningitis in late onset sepsis.Methods: This study was conducted in out born NICU of R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur (Raj.) from November 2016 to February 2017. All neonates between age 7 days to 28 days of life were included in the study. A sepsis screening and blood culture were sent for all neonates. All positive sepsis screen patients were taken for Lumber Puncture. CSF was examined with positive sepsis screen and high clinical suspicion of meningitis. CSF culture was sent for every patient. CT scan was done in patient with proven bacterial meningitis.Results: A total of 90 patients with suspected late onset sepsis were admitted. Most of the neonates were admitted with complain of temperature instability and poor feeding. Meningitis was observed in 55 out of 90 cases (61.11%). Out of 55 patients CSF culture was found positive in 70% cases. Most common organisms were E. coli in 50% cases, Klebsiella in 15% and Enterobactor in 10%. Mortality was around 45.5% (n=25).Conclusions: Neonatal meningitis is a major disease that results in death and significant mortality and morbidity in neonates. 

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF THE UNIDENTIFIED/UNACCOMPANIED PATIENT OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN TRAUMA UNIT OF GANDHI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND ASSOCIATED HAMIDIA HOSPITAL BHOPAL (INDIA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. I. D. Chaurasia ◽  
Dr. Shikha Shukla ◽  
Dr. Aryish Gupta ◽  
Dr. Rajat Maheshwari ◽  
Dr. Mahim Koshariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Trauma Unit ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

All unidentified / unaccompanied & unknown TBI patients admitted in department of neurosurgery, Gandhi Medical College Bhopal from June 2016 to May 2019 were enrolled in this study. Management of unidentified and unaccompanied patients is difficult in any health care setup due to challenges in managing their day to day care. Traumatic brain injury is the most common cause of death in trauma patients.  We analyzed demography, mode of injury, clinical presentation & condition at admission, treatment given, hospital stay, outcome & factors affecting outcome of the patients. Very few studies in world literature are available on this subgroup of patients. We analyzed data pertaining to 100 consecutive patients at our hospital. Aim and Objectives: The aim and objective of this study is to determine the outcome of traumatic Brain Injury in patients who were admitted in trauma unit/ Neurosurgery unit of Gandhi medical College Bhopal India from June 2016 to May 2019. As unaccompanied / unknown/ unidentified. In this study we collected the data of unknown/ unidentified patients of TBI to analyze the outcome. Material and Methods: It was a prospective study of all unaccompanied/ unknown patients who were admitted in the trauma unit/ Neurosurgery unit of surgery department of Gandhi Medical College & Associated Hamidia Hospital Bhopal India from June 2016 to May 2019 a total number of 100 unidentified /unaccompanied patients were admitted whose data were collected and analyzed Departmental staff, social workers, police and media persons help were take in for relocation of unknown patients to their home or non government organization shelter homes . Results: There were total 100 consecutive patient enrolment in this study, 87% of the patients were male. Most common age group was 40-59 years, 48% patients falls in this age group. Most common cause of trauma was road traffic accident (48%), followed by Cause Unknown (36%). Overall mortality was 39%. Others clinical characteristic and type of lesion in traumatic brain injury of unidentified and unaccompanied patients is given in detail in. Out of 100 patients, 43 (43%) patients were managed conservatively based on CT head findings and neurological status & 57 (57%) were operated. Decompressive Craniectomy was most common operative procedure depending on the clinical & neurological status. Overall complication rate during hospital stay was 26%. Keywords: TBI, Unidentified Patient & Unaccompanied & Decompressive Craniectomy, Rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes, Risk Factors and its Outcome in a Tertiary Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
Biloni Shreshta ◽  
A. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Mother And Child

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GDM increases the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome and increases risk of diabetes in mother and child in the future. Prevalence of GDM is increasing all over the world. This is hospital based cross sectional study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital to find out the prevalence of GDM and to trace maternal and fetal risk factors and adverse outcome. In this study, 600 pregnant women were enrolled during 2016-17. Among them 27 (4.5%) were found to have GDM. Among GDM, four (14.4%) were ≥ 35 years old and six (22.2%) had BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m2. Caesarean section was more common mode of delivery in women with GDM than without (51.9% vs 22.2%). Increased prevalence shown in this study necessitates universal screening of GDM.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

scholarly journals Incidence and Characteristics of Retinoblastoma in Poland: The First Nationwide Study 2010–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6539
Author(s):  
Michał S. Nowak ◽  
Bożena Romanowska-Dixon ◽  
Iwona Grabska-Liberek ◽  
Michał Żurek
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
External Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Focal Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Birth Cohort Analysis

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of retinoblastoma in the overall population of Poland. Methods: The retrospective survey of both National Health Fund (NHF) and National Cancer Registry (NCR) databases were performed to identify all retinoblastoma cases in Poland in the years 2010–2017. Results: During 2010–2017, the mean age-standardised incidence of retinoblastoma (the unit of incidence is per 1,000,000 person-years) was 10.15 (95% CI 7.23–13.08) among children aged 0 to 4 years and 5.39 (95% CI 4.18–6.60) in those aged 0 to 9 years. During 2010–2014 (to allow 5 years of follow-up), the mean incidence of retinoblastoma by birth cohort analysis in Poland was 4.89 (95% CI 4.04–5.74) per 100,000 live births, corresponding to an incidence of 1 per 20,561 (95% CI 15,855–25,267) live births. In Poland, 14.6% of children with retinoblastoma had enucleation of the eye globe, 76.8% received different types of chemotherapy combined with focal treatment, 5.9% were treated with external beam radiotherapy, and 2.7% were treated with focal treatments only. Conclusions: The incidence of retinoblastoma and the pattern of medical management of retinoblastoma in Poland was similar to that reported in developed countries in Western Europe, Asia, and North America.

NSAIDS: A RISK FACTOR AFFECTING PEPTIC ULCER PERFORATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
Neelkamal Gupta ◽  
Mangtani Jitendra K ◽  
Khandelwal Dheeraj K
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Duodenal Perforation ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Muscularis Mucosa ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

INTRODUCTION:Apeptic ulcer is a defect in the upper gastrointestinal mucosa that extends through the muscularis mucosa into deeper layers of the gut wall. Non-steroidal anti-inammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the major risk factors for peptic ulcer disease.Long-term use of NSAIDs, however, can cause gastrointestinal (GI) ulcers and potentially life-threatening ulcer complications. MATERIALAND METHOD: The present study was conducted on 100 patients of peptic ulcer of either sex in Department of Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur. History of any other co morbid illness and any drug being taken with its time duration were recorded in detail. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: From this study, it was observed that among the 69 patients of duodenal perforation, 73.91% were taking NSAID. Similarly among the 31 patients of gastric perforation 80.64% were taking NSAID. Overall total 76% patients were taking these drugs. CONCLUSION: It is concluded from this study that a strong statistical correlation was found between use of NSAIDs and peptic ulcer perforation.

URIC ACID LEVEL AS A PREDICTOR OF SEVERITY IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-331
Author(s):  
Natasya Natasya ◽  
Fidel Ganis Siregar ◽  
Ratna Akbari Ganie
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Obstetric Emergency ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Life Threatening

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy syndrome affecting multiple organ systems, characterized by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. The incidence of preeclampsia is estimated to be 3-10% of pregnancies worldwide and is the leading cause of death for pregnant women. Preeclampsia is a life-threatening obstetric emergency, so it needs prompt and precise treatment to prevent morbidity and mortality. WHO estimates that the incidence of preeclampsia is seven times higher in developing countries (2.8% of live births) than in developed countries 1,2 (0.4%).

THE EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF NEGLECTED CLUBFOOT MANAGED BY PONSETI METHOD

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Nandram Saryam ◽  
Raja Yadav ◽  
Manish Rajpoot
Keyword(s):  
Ponseti Method ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Relapse Pattern ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Foot Disorder

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus is the most common congenital foot disorder. neglected of clubfoot deformity occurs after the treatment by Ponseti method .we evaluate the relapse pattern of clubfoot basis of bhasker et al then treat the patient by Ponseti technique. Methods: This is a Prospective study .We are conducting a clubfoot clinic since 2013 in Department of Orthopaedics Gandhi medical college Bhopal . We register all clubfoot patient at our clubfoot clinic on his/her rst visit. All the clubfeet assessed with Pirani scoring system on the initial presentation to our institution and treat by Ponseti method. During this study there were a total of 558 children with 713 idiopathic clubfeet registered at our clinic. A total of 80 neglected clubfeet in 56 children presenting with neglected clubfeet were included in our study. Results: We found that The neglected feet in our study is (80 feet out of 713 feet. The male patient is 38 (67.86%) and female patient is 18 (32.14%). Male were predominantly involved as compared to female.The post treatment Pirani score after relapse treatment is 0.40 Conclusion: Ponseti technique is a simple, effective, inexpensive method for treatment of clubfeet there is, no requirement of special setup with limited resources and less rate of recurrence/complication than the surgical treatment It has been concluded that Ponseti method is a effective technique to treat congenital idiopathic clubfeet with success rate is 94.65% in our study

scholarly journals Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Diclofenac Sodium Along with B Vitamins on Acute Pulpitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Rumana Kabir ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Rama Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Descriptive Scale ◽  
Serum Crp ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Background: In acute pulpitis intense pain and inflammatory changes are the main features of the patients. Diclofenac sodium is commonly used in the treatment of dental pain but has many side effects. To reduce the dose and duration of traditional analgesic drugs several members of B vitamins (B1, B6, B12) can be used.Objective: To observe the combined effects of diclofenac sodium with B vitamins in acute pulpitis patients.Method: This prospective interventional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka between July 2014 and June 2015. Ethical permission was taken from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) of SSMC. Sixty diagnosed acute pulpitis patients of both sexes, aged 18-40 years were included by purposive sampling from the Out Patient Department of Dental unit of SSMC. They were divided into 2 groups (30 patients in each group), as diclofenac treated group received only diclofenac sodium (DS) for 5 days and combined treated group received combination of DS with B vitamins (BV) for same duration (DS&BV). Both the groups were studied two times i.e before taking Diclofenac Sodium on day 1 (DS d 1), after taking Diclofenac Sodium on day 5 (DS d 5) and before taking both DS with B vitamins on day 1 (DS & BV d 1), after taking both DS with B Vitamins on day 5 (DS & BV d 5). The intensity of pain was scored by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) by using a Verbal Descriptive Scale (VDS) as a guide. Again, serum CRP level was measured by latex method. The statistical analysis was done by paired sample‘t’ test.Results: In this study, VAS score (p<0.001, p<0.01 respectively) and serum CRP (p<0.001) level were significantly reduced in acute pulpitis patients after 5 days treatment of diclofenac sodium with B vitamins supplementation in comparison to their pre supplemented state and to the patients treated with only diclofenac sodium.Conclusion: The present study revealed that, the combination of diclofenac sodium along with B vitamins reduce pain and inflammation more efficiently than the treatment with diclofenac alone.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2016, June; 11(1): 29-34

scholarly journals Impact of educational intervention regarding anaemia and its preventive measures among pregnant women: an interventional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankajkumar B. Nimbalkar ◽  
Jaldhara N. Patel ◽  
Nilesh Thakor ◽  
Mansi Patni
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Baseline Knowledge

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in pregnancy and major contributory factor to maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective of present study was to assess knowledge of pregnant women regarding anaemia and its preventive measures before and after educational interventional training.Methods: The present study was an interventional study undertaken in purposively selected pregnant women attending the out patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar During the month of October 2017. Total 100 pregnant women were included after written informed consent. Baseline knowledge of pregnant women regarding anaemia and its preventive measures was assessed by pre-designed, pre-tested and semi structured questionnaire. Single educational interventional training for 45 minutes was given to selected pregnant women. Post– intervention knowledge of pregnant women for the same was assessed after training. Thus, collected data was analyzed /using Epi info 7.Results: Baseline knowledge of the pregnant women regarding causes, signs and symptoms of anemia and dietary sources of iron was 21%, 23% and 40% respectively which was significantly increased to 64%, 66% and 72% respectively after the intervention. Baseline knowledge of the pregnant women regarding factors which inhibit and increase iron absorption was 25% and 4% respectively which was significantly increased to 55% and 41 % respectively after the intervention. Baseline knowledge of the pregnant women regarding treatment of anaemia was 30% which was significantly increased to 79 % after the intervention.Conclusions: There was significant improvement in the knowledge regarding anaemia and its preventive measures among pregnant women after our single educational session.

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