scholarly journals Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papilloma virus in cervical samples of young married women: a hospital based prospective cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4113
Author(s):  
Madhuri N. Bagde ◽  
Nilajkumar D. Bagde ◽  
Pugazhentan Thangaraju ◽  
Sanjay Negi ◽  
Pooja Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the cervical samples of young married women at a tertiary care hospital in Chhattisgarh. A prospective cross-sectional observational study was performed in married women, aged 18 to 30 years.Methods: Relevant history was noted and cervical samples were collected and tested for HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data was compiled to calculate the prevalence of HPV and the genotypic distribution.Results: The overall prevalence of HPV in this study was 22.73% and that of type 16 and 18 either alone or in combination with other subtypes was 17.26%. They were the commonest subtypes. HPV positivity was inversely related to education levels (Chi square, p=0.05). There was a significant difference in parity of women testing positive for HPV versus those negative for HPV (one tailed Pr (t<t)=0.03, 95% CI=1.445 to 1,865 at 108 degrees of freedom). No difference was observed between education and socio economic levels of positive versus negative women. Type 16 and 18 accounted for 76% of all HPV subtypes detected.Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV infection is high in Indian women. The high risk oncogenic types are the commonest subtypes. There is an urgent need to screen for the presence of high risk HPV infections in younger women so that they may be followed up more closely to prevent cervical cancers.

Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection in Huzhou City, eastern China, 2018–2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurong Zhu ◽  
Fuchu Qian ◽  
Weihua Zou ◽  
Xiaoyun Wu ◽  
Chunlin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Abnormal Cytology ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is involved in cervical cancer development, and hence understanding its prevalence and genotype distribution is important. However, there are few reports on the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in the city of Huzhou in China. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 11,506 women who visited Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital between January 2018 and October 2019 were enrolled. The results of HPV genotyping and cytology tests were analyzed. Results The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 15.5%. The rate of high-risk (HR) HPV infection (13.5%) was higher than that of single low-risk (LR) HPV infection (2.0%) (p&lt;0.05). The five most common HPV genotypes were HPV52 (3.3%), 16 (1.9%), 58 (1.7%), 53 (1.5%), and 81 (1.2%). The infection rate of HPV peaked in women aged 16–24 and women aged ≥55. The infection rate of HPV58 or HPV81 appeared as a single peak in women aged ≥55. The rates of HR-HPV and LR-HPV infection were higher in subjects with abnormal cytology (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions HPV infection is high in Huzhou, and HPV53 and HPV81 are the prevalent genotypes. HPV infection rate is associated with age and cytology. Regional HPV surveillance is essential to optimize current HPV prevention and vaccine development.

scholarly journals Postpartum Hemorrhage in Pregnancy beyond 40 Weeks of Gestation in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Bastakoti Gaire ◽  
Suman Raj Tamrakar ◽  
Anjana Singh Dongol
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as a blood loss of 500ml or more within 24 hours after birth. It is the leading cause of maternal mortality in low-income countries and the primary cause of nearly one-quarter of all maternal deaths globally. It occurs in up to 18% of total births. Post-dated pregnancy is a high-risk pregnancy with increased maternal morbidity. This study aims to determine the prevalence of postpartum hemorrhage in pregnancy beyond 40 weeks of gestation in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women beyond 40 weeks in Dhulikhel hospital from October 2016 to March 2017. The study was conducted after ethical clearance from the hospital research committee (reference number#128/16). The sample size was calculated and convenient sampling was done. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences is used for analysis. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of 465 ladies enrolled in this study postpartum hemorrhage was seen in 6 (1.29%) (95% Confidence Interval = 0.267-2.31), and the mean age was 24.25+4.8. About 346 (74.4%) had a normal delivery, 104 (22.36%) had cesarean section and 15 (3.22%) had instrumental delivery. Conclusions: Postpartum haemorrhage prevalence is low among the pregnant women beyond 40 weeks compared to the standard study. Postpartum hemorrhage is the common leading cause of maternal mortality. So high-risk cases should be identified and active management should be done to reduce morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals A study on knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards contraceptive use among married women attending a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1832-1835
Author(s):  
Nithyananthan P ◽  
Jagadeesan M ◽  
Prasanna Karthik S ◽  
Kannan R ◽  
Bavithra K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraceptive Usage

In the Indian society, various factors other than mere knowledge have shown to have a more significant impact over contraceptive usage and choice such as educational levels of women, marital duration, cultural and social factors, and exposure to mass media. This study focuses on assessing the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of contraceptive use among married women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among married women aged between 18 to 49 years attending a tertiary care hospital in the city of Chennai from June to September 2018. A total of 146 women were interviewed, and the KAP parameters were assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. Though 97.9% (n=143) of the women in this study had knowledge about some form of contraception, only 24.7% (n=36) practiced them. Among the users (n=36), the decision to adopt contraception was made by the husband in 69.4% (n=25).Among the non-users (n=110), the major reasons for not practicing contraception were lack of interest in 37.2%(n=41) and fear of side effects in 35.5% (n=39).This study demonstrates a significant gap between the knowledge and practice of contraceptives in our population. Improving doctor-patient relationship and encouraging a positive attitude of the husband towards contraception are the key factors in promoting adoption of the contraceptive practices.

scholarly journals Awareness and screening practices of cervical cancer among nursing staff working in tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3590
Author(s):  
Swati M. Mahajan ◽  
Vijaykumar S. Jadhav ◽  
Anwaya R. Magare ◽  
Sangita A. Adchitre ◽  
Sobha B. Salve
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: In India there are an estimated of 1,32,000 new cases and 74,000 deaths each year of cervical cancer. Out of all the female genital tract cancers, it is the only pre­ventable cancer if detected at its early stages. More than one fifth of all new cases are diagnosed in India due to a lack of screening that allows detection of precancerous and early stage cervical cancer. Staff nurses if trained properly, can make aware and screen all the women coming to detect suspicious cases. The present study was carried to assess knowledge regarding cervical cancer, screening procedures and attitude and practices regarding prevention and screening of cervical cancer among nursing staff.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among the nursing staff between March to June 2016. A total of 215 nursing staff was enrolled in the study.Results: Majority 75 (34.88%) of the participants were from 41-50 years of age and 147 (67.90%) were married. The majority of the participants received information about cervical cancer and screening from hospital 135 (71.05%) and 40 (21.05%) from the newspaper. Majority of females 68 (35.78%) said HPV infection as major risk factor for cervical cancer. Majority of the females 125 (65.78%) mentioned that discharge p/v is the main symptom. Majority of the participants 66 (38.82%) replied that married Women and sexually active 54 (31.76%) women must be screened.Conclusions: It can be concluded that presently the knowledge and understanding of cervical cancer, as well as its screening process, is satisfactory, but there is a vast scope for improvement. 

ASSOCIATION OF HEMATOCRIT-PLATELET INDEX AND HEMATOCRIT SHIFT WITH WARNING SIGNS AND HOSPITAL STAY IN DENGUE PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S277-82
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fahd Bin Haider ◽  
Humaira Zafar ◽  
Syed Zubair Hussain Shah ◽  
Mobaila Akram ◽  
Kamran Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization

Objective: To determine the relationship between hematocrit, platelet count, warning signs and duration ofhospitalization in indoor dengue patients. Study Design: Analytical, cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Pakistan Air Force Hospital Islamabad and Departmentof Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, AM College, Rawalpindi, from Sep 2019 to Jun 2020. Methodology: A total of 100 indoor patients were recruited using convenience sampling. Their platelets, hema-tocrit and warning signs were recorded on arrival in the hospital. First two parameters were checked every day for the whole duration of stay in the hospital. The WHO standard treatment of dengue was given to the patients. Patient were divided into two groups based upon duration of hospitalization using cut-off of 3 days. Linear regression was used to analyze association of hematocrit-platelet index and hematocrit shift with presence of one or more warning signs and duration of hospital stay. Results: There was statistically significant difference in 3rd day Hematocrit Platelet Indices of patients with short and long hospital stay (p=0.003). 3rd day Hematocrit-platelet indices of patients with and without warning signs also showed statistically significant difference when compared with eachother (p=0.0001). It was stronger than Hematocrit Shift (p=0.82) and platelets considered alone. Conclusion: Day 3 Hematocrit Platelet Indexis more strongly associated with warning signs and duration of stay rather than hematocrit alone. It means both need to be taken into account while monitoring dengue patients. Hematocrit platelet index for severity and duration of hospitalization while Hematocrit shift for fluid therapy.

scholarly journals Drug utilization pattern and selected biochemical parameters in pre- and post-hemodialysis state in the end stage renal disease patients: a cross sectional study at a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2074
Author(s):  
S. P. Gokulraj ◽  
Surendra Kumar Bouddh ◽  
J. Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Background: Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage kidney failure (ESRD), which is fatal without artificial filtering (dialysis) or a kidney transplant.Methods: The ESRD patients of either gender age >18 years who were diagnosed by nephrologist as ESRD and are on haemodialysis regularly included for the study.Results: The blood urea, serum creatinine, phosphorous, potassium levels were reduced significantly in post – haemodialysis condition, but, there was not much weight reduction after haemodialysis. Serum albumin, serum sodium and blood haemoglobin levels were almost unchanged in post – haemodialysis state. There was no significant difference between the pre and post haemodialysis parameters- serum Na+ serum albumin and blood hemoglobulin. Out of 75 ESRD patients, almost all patients 74 (98.7%) prescribed tablet Livogen, 73 (97.3%) patients given Inj. EPO, 55 (73.3%) tab Nicardia, 54 (76%) tab Sodamint, 43 (57.3%) capsule Alpha D3, 40 (53.3%) tab Shelcal. While between 12 (16%) to 20 (26%) patients prescribed tab Nodosis, tab Metoprolol, tab Febuget, tab Ecosprin, and tab Rantac. Only 1 (1.3%) to 9 (12%) patients received tablet Augmentin, tab Arkamine, tab Carvedilol, tab Para 500, tab Atorvas, Human mixtard, tab Calcicard, tab Minipress XL, tab Dytor, and tab Clopilet.Conclusions: The available two models of treatment, i.e., haemodialysis and poly pharmacy at hospital setup to face the challenges associated with the ESRD, and even outcome after application of both these two models of therapies did not provide optimal normal healthy life status to ESRD patients.

scholarly journals A study of empowerment level in currently married women in western Maharashtra, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5247
Author(s):  
Priya M. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Decision

Background: Empowerment of women in all fields constitutes one of the fundamental objectives of development efforts in a region. Laws can support the endeavour of women’s empowerment, but considering the complex cultural beliefs and practices that lie at the root of the imbalance, the effectiveness of such isolated efforts remains doubtful. Present study was planned to assess level of women’s empowerment in western region of Maharashtra with objectives to measure various direct and indirect indicators of women’s empowerment by different background characteristics.Methods: A cross-sectional study using structured questionnaire based interviews was carried out in female outpatients in tertiary care hospital. The sample of 300 currently married women in reproductive age-group was selected by systematic random sampling.Results: Out of 360 women majority belonged to Hindu religion (65%), and households of middle standard of living (71.7%) and 76.6% women were married below age of 21. 38.3% women were always involved in household decision making. Regarding freedom of movement, 38.3% women have complete freedom whereas 41.7% women have some control over economic resources. But only 30% women have personal savings. 60% women have favourable attitude towards girls’ education, and only 33.3% women defy domestic violence.Conclusions: There are significant divergences in the direct and indirect indices of women’s empowerment and there is much scope for improvement in self-esteem of women.

scholarly journals Myeloperoxidase: indicator of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients of tertiary care hospital of Karachi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sabeela Noor ◽  
Faiza Alam ◽  
Fasiha Fatima ◽  
Shehryar Orakzai ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Group B

Objective: To estimate the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in various stages of CKD and correlate them with inflammatory marker (CRP) and lipid profile.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Biochemistry Department, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (J.P.M.C.) with collaboration of the Nephrology Department of J.P.M.C from January 2013 to September 2014. 150 participant were allocated into Group A: healthy subjects (GFR >90 ml/min/1.73m2, n=66) and Group B: CKD patients (GFR<90 ml/min/1.73m2, n=84). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, CRP and myeloperoxidase were estimated. Data was presented in Mean±SD. Comparison of means within groups was performed by Mann-Whitney U test, where p-values <0.05 were considered significant.Results: With mean age of 55.64 ± 5.63 years, weight and BMI, TG, VLDL C-reactive proteins and MPO was significantly higher in in group B (p<0.001), however cholesterol and LDL-C showed no significant difference between the groups.). CRP and MPO levels demonstrated an increasing trend with decreasing GFR. Serum myeloperoxidase was found to have a significantly positive association with C-reactive protein (r = 0.710, p<0.01), cholesterol (r = 0.240, p <0.01), triglycerides (r = 0.509, p <0.01), LDL- cholesterol (r = 0.226, p <0.01) and VLDL-cholesterol (r = 0.494, p <0.01), while negative correlation with HDL- cholesterol (r= -0.370, p <0.01).Conclusion: Myeloperoxidase concentration and its relationship with lipid profile and hs-CRP in CKD patients prompts a mechanistic relationship between cardiovascular burdens in CKD patients. How ever detailed studies are required for further exploration of this link. Continuous...

scholarly journals Rational and irrational use of intra-venous infusions: a cross-sectional study among patients of a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Amber G. ◽  
Muhammad J. Khan ◽  
Amina K. ◽  
Warda G. ◽  
Murtaza G. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Intravenous infusions (IV) are a rapid mean of administering drugs. Hospitals are commonplace for their use, but at the same time they have many serious potential complications. This study aims to know the justified use of intravenous infusion among patients of a tertiary care hospital and awareness about its use.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study in which 249 subjects were conveniently studied. Nil per oral, severity of dehydration, vomiting, and diarrhoea was used as confirmatory criteria for using IV Infusions. Questionnaire with verbal consent was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied to analyse the data and presented as means, frequencies and percentages in the form of tables and figure.Results: Total n249 (100%) subjects, n68 (27.3%) males and n181 (72.7%) females with average age was 24.05±14.21 years participated. Among n116 (46.6%) irrational users, females n76 (30.5%) were more then males n40 (16.1) with significant difference, p= 0.018. However, no significant difference was found among other variables (age groups, profession, education, awareness and rational or irrational use of IV infusion). Majority n249, n204 (81.9%) were not aware of the IV infusion medication error and doctors were most common unjustified prescribers of IV infusion, n105 (90.5%).Conclusions: The study concluded with the more prevalent irrational IV infusion use in our setup. Doctors appeared the dominant prescriber of irrational IV infusion. This statement is astonishing and must not be overlooked. Female gender, adult age, under-grade patients and students are more exposed to irrational IV infusion.

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