scholarly journals Blood pressure measurement in overweight, underweight and normal BMI undergraduate students of a private medical college: correlation of BMI with blood pressure

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2921
Author(s):  
Shah Mohd Abbas Waseem ◽  
Rubeena Bano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Males And Females

Background: It is estimated that by 2025 around 46.5% of India’s population will be suffering from hypertension and associated complications. Thus, early detection of hypertension can prevent complications in later life. Higher BMI is associated with increased risk of elevated blood pressure. Weight related problems are on rise in college/University students. The medical students are at greater risk owing to various stressors. Thus, the present study was undertaken to measure blood pressure and BMI of undergraduate MBBS students and to find correlation with them.Methods: 253 students were enrolled in the study. BMI (Kg/m2) and blood pressure (mmHg) were measured. The data was analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: BMI was 22.54±2.85 and 20.75±2.99 Kg/m2 respectively in males and females (p<0.001). 21.34% and 12.65% were found to be underweight and overweight respectively.  SBP and DBP in males and females was found to be 120.54±9.48/79.71±4.77 and 110.80±0.98/74.40±5.45 mmHg respectively (p<0.001). 67.98%, 28.07% and 3.95% students were found to be normo, pre-and hypertensive respectively. Significant positive correlation of BMI with SBP and DBP was found both in males and females.Conclusions: There is weight related concerns and associated complications like elevated blood pressure in medical students.

scholarly journals Maternal obesity before pregnancy predicts offspring blood pressure at 18 years of age: A causal mediation analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Brunton ◽  
Brenden Dufault ◽  
Allison Dart ◽  
Meghan B. Azad ◽  
Jonathan M McGavock
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Causal Mediation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis ◽  
Maternal Bmi ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

ABSTRACTImportanceHypertension is the second most common pediatric chronic disease in Westernized countries. Understanding the natural history of hypertension is key to identifying prevention strategies.ObjectiveExamine the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and offspring blood pressure at 18 years and the mediating role of growth throughout childhood and adolescence.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsWe performed multivariable regression and causal mediation analyses within 3217 mother - offspring pairs from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSAPC) prospective birth cohort. Latent trajectory analysis (LTA) was used to quantify the mediating variable of offspring BMI from 7 to 18 years of age.ExposuresThe main exposure was maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. Analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders including maternal education, maternal blood pressure, and weeks gestation at delivery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was offspring blood pressure at 18 years of age categorized as normal (SBP < 120 mmHg or DBP < 80mmHg) or elevated (SBP ≥ 120 mmHg or DBP ≥ 80 mmHg) as per the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines.ResultsAt 18 years of age, among 3217 offspring, 676 (21%) were overweight or obese, 865 (27%) had elevated blood pressure, and 510 (16%) were hypertensive. LTA identified five distinct offspring BMI trajectories. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that for every 1 unit increase in maternal BMI the risk of elevated blood pressure at 18 years of age increased by 5% (aOR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03 – 1.07; p <0.001) and this effect was reduced after adjusting for offspring BMI trajectory (aOR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00 – 1.05; p = 0.017). Causal mediation analysis confirmed offspring BMI trajectory as a mediator accounting for 46% of the total effect of maternal BMI on elevated offspring blood pressure (aOR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.07-1.39).Conclusion and RelevanceMaternal BMI prior to pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of elevated blood pressure in offspring at 18 years of age and is mediated, in part, by offspring BMI trajectory throughout childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Inequalities in cardiovascular risks among Swedish adolescents (ABIS): a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e030613
Author(s):  
Pär Andersson White ◽  
Johnny Ludvigsson ◽  
Michael P Jones ◽  
Tomas Faresjo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Hdl

ObjectivesTo investigate if socioeconomic status (SES) is predictive of cardiovascular risk factors among Swedish adolescents. Identify the most important SES variable for the development of each cardiovascular risk factor. Investigate at what age SES inequality in overweight and obesity occurs.DesignLongitudinal follow-up of a prospective birth cohort.SettingAll Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) study includes data from children born between October 1997 and October 1999 in five counties of south east Sweden.ParticipantsA regional ABIS-study subsample from three major cities of the region n=298 adolescents aged 16–18 years, and prospective data from the whole ABIS cohort for overweight and obesity status at the ages 2, 5, 8 and 12 years (n=2998–7925).Outcome measuresBlood pressure above the hypertension limit, overweight/obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force definition, low high-density lipoproteins (HDL) or borderline-high low-density lipoproteins according to National Cholesterol Education Program expert panel on cholesterol levels in children.ResultsFor three out of four cardiovascular risk outcomes (elevated blood pressure, low HDL and overweight/obesity), there were increased risk in one or more of the low SES groups (p<0.05). The best predictor was parental occupational class (Swedish socioeconomic classification index) for elevated blood pressure (area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve 0.623), maternal educational level for overweight (area under the ROC curve 0.641) and blue-collar city of residence for low HDL (area under the ROC curve 0.641). SES-related differences in overweight/obesity were found at age 2, 5 and 12 and for obesity at age 2, 5, 8 and 12 years (all p<0.05).ConclusionsEven in a welfare state like Sweden, SES inequalities in cardiovascular risks are evident already in childhood and adolescence. Intervention programmes to reduce cardiovascular risk based on social inequality should start early in life.

scholarly journals The prevalence of elevated blood pressure in a sample of slovene children and adolescents: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Tjaša Hertiš ◽  
Tadej Petek ◽  
Nataša Marčun Varda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of prehypertensive and elevated blood pressure in the hypertensive range (elevated BP) and obtain some anthropometric measures in Slovene children and adolescents. Methods In the cross-sectional study lasting one year, we measured BP using mercury sphygmomanometers, as well as height, weight, waist, and hip circumferences in schools. Data from regular check-ups (oscillometric measurements) were also added to increase the sample size. Participants were 2-19 years old. For statistical analysis, we used two-sided multivariate analysis of variance, Pearson’s r, and chi-squared test. Results From altogether 1594 participants, 723 (45.4%) were boys and 871 (54.6%) girls. The prevalence of elevated BP on a single oscillometric blood-pressure measurement was 12.0% (95% CI: 10.3 to 13.9), and an additional 13.9% (95% CI: 12.0 to 15.9) had prehypertensive BP. In Riva-Rocci measurements, elevated BP was present in only 7.1% (95% CI: 4.9 to 10.1) and prehypertensive BP additionally in 3.9% (95% CI: 2.4 to 6.4) in comparison to oscillometric measurements, which showed higher prevalence. Importantly, overweight participants had a 1.75 times greater relative risk for prehypertensive BP (95% CI: 1.22 to 2.53; p<0.01). Obesity carried a 1.79 times greater relative risk (95% CI: 1.22 to 2.63; p<0.01) for BP outside of the normotensive BP range. Conclusion Arterial hypertension is becoming an important public health problem, especially due to the childhood obesity. It seems to concern also Slovene young population with prevalence of elevated BP at around 7.1% after a single auscultatory BP measurement.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of metabolic syndrome and its individual components with risk of atrial fibrillation in different populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zheng ◽  
Zengshuo Xie ◽  
Jiayong Li ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Wenting Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Recent studies have reported the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on atrial fibrillation (AF), but the results remain controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between MetS and AF risk. Methods Studies were searched from the Cochrane library, PubMed, and Embase databases through May 2020. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and then pooled by using a random effects model. Results A total of 6 observational cohort studies were finally included. In the pooled analysis, MetS was associated with an increased risk of AF (HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.40–1.77; P < 0.01). And the components of MetS including abdominal obesity (HR 1.37; 95% CI 1.36–1.38; P < 0.01), elevated blood pressure (HR 1.56; 95% CI 1.46–1.66; P < 0.01), elevated fasting glucose (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.15–1.21; P < 0.01) and low high density cholesterol (HDL) (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.06–1.32; P < 0.01) was also associated with an increased risk of AF, while high triglyceride (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.87–1.11, P = 0.82) was not. Conclusions Our present meta-analysis suggested that MetS, as well as its components including abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose and low HDL cholesterol were associated with an increase in the risk of AF.

scholarly journals The association of first trimester high blood pressure and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
P. V. Popova ◽  
A. S. Gerasimov ◽  
E. N. Kravchuk ◽  
E. S. Shelepova ◽  
E. M. Ryazantseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Objective. To determine the relationship between blood pressure measured during the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of the development of gestational diabetes mellitus. Design and methods. A total of 209 pregnant women were screened for gestational diabetes mellitus between weeks 24 and 28 of gestation, as defined by WHO criteria. Blood pressure, weight and waist circumference data were obtained by review of the medical records. Results. An elevated blood pressure at first trimester of pregnancy was associated with a six-fold increase in the risk of the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 5.8, 95 % CI 1.9-17.5, p = 0.001) compared with non-hypertensive women. Arterial hypertension (including controlled forms) in the first trimester of pregnancy was followed by a three-fold (OR = 3.04, 95 % CI 1.5-6.3) increase in the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus compared with non-hypertensive women (p = 0.005). Conclusion. Obtained data indicate that women with elevated blood pressure in the first trimester of pregnancy have an increased risk of the development of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Blood pressure recording in the ambulatory patient and evaluation of cardiovascular risk

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans R. Brunner ◽  
Bernard Waeber ◽  
Jürg Nussberger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
The One

Many large epidemiological studies, such as the one going on in Framingham [1], have clearly established that hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Well controlled intervention trials have also clearly demonstrated that antihypertensive therapy can significantly reduce the incidence of complications such as stroke, congestive heart failure and possibly myocardial infarction [2-4]. There exists no doubt about the important causal relationship between elevated blood pressure and cardiovascular complications. The measurement of blood pressure has thus become one of the most frequent procedures carried out by any practising physician. Notwithstanding, some doubt has been expressed whether all patients with a slightly elevated blood pressure at the physician's office are indeed prone to suffer a heart attack or a stroke and need lifelong antihypertensive therapy [5, 6]. Does the casual blood pressure measurement at the physician's office accurately assess the risk of each individual patient of suffering a heart attack in the future?

scholarly journals Bread Consumption Is Associated with Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults Living in Mexico City–A Sub-Analysis of the Tlalpan 2020 Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xochitl Ponce-Martínez ◽  
Eloisa Colin-Ramirez ◽  
Paulina Sánchez-Puerto ◽  
Susana Rivera-Mancía ◽  
Raúl Cartas-Rosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Reference Category ◽  
Increased Risk

Excessive dietary sodium is associated with elevated blood pressure (EBP). Bread products are identified as one of the main sources of daily sodium intake. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between bread and others cereal products consumption with EBP. Frequency intake of a standard serving of bread and other cereal products was recorded and categorized as: ≤3 times/month or never (reference category group) and ≥ once/week. EBP was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥120 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥80 mmHg. Raw and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the association between consumption of the studied food products and blood pressure status were estimated. Overall, 2011 participants aged 37.3 ± 9.1 years old were included. In the models adjusted for relevant covariates, consumption of one piece of bolillo or telera (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.01–1.89) ≥ once/week was associated with an increased risk of EBP, compared to the reference category. Also, participants consuming one bowl of high-fiber breakfast cereal once/week were less likely to have EBP (OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.53–0.98). Initiatives to reduce sodium levels in bread products such as bolillo and telera are needed in Mexico to help manage the cardiovascular risk at the population level.

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