scholarly journals Effectiveness of topical sunscreen use to prevent skin cancers: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Venny Cempaka Sari
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Definition Of

Topical sunscreen is a potential modality to prevent skin cancer development in vulnerable people although few study has evaluated its effectiveness in clinical setting. This study is aimed to review most recently available evidence on the clinical effectiveness of topical sunscreen in preventing skin cancers. We identified literature from online databases including Pubmed and Google Scholar and included population-based study evaluating the effect of sunscreen usage and risk of skin cancers, including melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) either as primary objective or as a confounder in multivariate analysis. Data form included articles was harvested and analyzed with thematic analysis. Final analysis included 11 articles. Of these, 6 reported results on melanoma, 4 reported on BCC, and 3 on SCC. Overall, there was conflicting evidence on the effectiveness of topical sunscreen in preventing skin cancer. Available evidence found that topical sunscreen was most effective in preventing melanoma and SCC. However, there was considerable heterogenicity in study design and definition of sunscreen treatment between included articles that may affect the results. There are no consensus among included articles, including among RCTs, on the ideal topical sunscreen regiment to prevent skin cancer. There are conflicting evidence on the clinical effectiveness of topical sunscreen to prevent skin cancer although evidence suggest that it would be effective in preventing melanoma and SCC. More clinical studies should be conducted with special emphasis on ensuring subject apply the sunscreen correctly and consistently.

scholarly journals Detailed head localization and incidence of skin cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Fijałkowska ◽  
Mateusz Koziej ◽  
Bogusław Antoszewski
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Sex Type ◽  
Cancer Subtype ◽  
The Face

AbstractSkin cancers are the most common neoplasms; frequently, they localize on the face. The aim of paper is to present the incidence of skin tumors in a single center from 2017 to 2019, describe trends in its frequency and find relations between neoplasms and sex, type of cancer, and its size. An analysis of histopathological files from the surgical department between 2017 and 2019 was calculated. These items were selected: sex, age, type of skin cancer, subtype of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), grading of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), localization and dimensions of the tumor. The study sample consisted of 387 cases. BCC was the most common cancer and its nodular type was the most frequent. In older patients, the vertical dimension of excised carcinoma was significantly larger. Moreover, this connection was detected only in women compared to men. There were statistically significant differences between dimensions of the skin cancer and sex. In men group, skin cancers had statistically higher vertical dimensions and larger surface areas. On the face and head, BCC more often localizes in the nasal area, while SCC on the auricle. It has been demonstrated that the older the patient, the larger the vertical dimension of the tumor. As such, tumor size is larger in men than in women, as women usually see their physicians sooner than men: cosmetic concerns are more important to them.

scholarly journals Skin Cancers and the Contribution of Rho GTPase Signaling Networks to Their Progression

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4362
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pecora ◽  
Justine Laprise ◽  
Manel Dahmene ◽  
Mélanie Laurin
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Signaling Networks ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Cytoskeletal Dynamics ◽  
Genetic Perturbations

Skin cancers are the most common cancers worldwide. Among them, melanoma, basal cell carcinoma of the skin and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are the three major subtypes. These cancers are characterized by different genetic perturbations even though they are similarly caused by a lifelong exposure to the sun. The main oncogenic drivers of skin cancer initiation have been known for a while, yet it remains unclear what are the molecular events that mediate their oncogenic functions and that contribute to their progression. Moreover, patients with aggressive skin cancers have been known to develop resistance to currently available treatment, which is urging us to identify new therapeutic opportunities based on a better understanding of skin cancer biology. More recently, the contribution of cytoskeletal dynamics and Rho GTPase signaling networks to the progression of skin cancers has been highlighted by several studies. In this review, we underline the various perturbations in the activity and regulation of Rho GTPase network components that contribute to skin cancer development, and we explore the emerging therapeutic opportunities that are surfacing from these studies.

Surgical Management of Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Wargo ◽  
Kenneth Tenabe
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Stage Iv Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Skin

The prevalence of malignant skin cancers has increased significantly over the past several years. Approximately 1.2 million cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are diagnosed per year. More alarming, up to 80,000 cases of melanoma are diagnosed per year, an incidence that has been steadily increasing, with a lifetime risk of 1 in 50 for the development of melanoma. The disturbing increase in the incidence of both non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma can largely be attributed to the social attitude toward sun exposure. The clinical assessment and management of skin lesions can be challenging. This review describes the assessment process, including thorough history and examination; the need for possible biopsy; and excision criteria. Specific types of skin cancer are distinguished and include basal cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; and melanoma; and for each type the incidence; epidemiology; histologic subtypes; diagnosis; and both surgical and non-surgical treatments are provided. Stages I-IV of melanoma are detailed, with prognostic factors described. Surgical treatment for stages I and II include description of the margins of excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The surgical treatment of Stage III melanoma further includes therapeutic lymph node dissection and isolated limb perfusion. Adjuvant therapies are also presented and include radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The additional treatment of metastasectomy for Stage IV melanoma is described. For both Stage III and IV melanoma, the study of vaccines to host immune cells is reported. For Stage IV melanoma, the text also describes immunotherapy treatment. Operative procedures specific to superficial and deep groin dissections are outlined. This review contains 9 figures, 3 tables, and 96 references.

scholarly journals Expression profiles of proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptors in common skin tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wybke Klatt ◽  
Susanne Wallner ◽  
Christoph Brochhausen ◽  
Judith A. Stolwijk ◽  
Stephan Schreml
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Skin Tumors ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Common Skin

Abstract The proton-sensing GPCRs (pH-GPCRs) GPR4 (GPR19), TDAG8 (GPR65, T-cell death associated gene 8), OGR1 (GPR68, ovarian cancer GPCR1), and G2A (GPR132, G2 accumulation protein) are involved in sensing and transducing changes in extracellular pH (pHe). Extracellular acidification is a central hallmark of solid cancer. pH-GPCR function has been associated with cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and metastasis, as well as with modulation of the immune system. Little is known about the expression levels and role of pH-GPCRs in skin cancer. To better understand the functions of pH-GPCRs in skin cancer in vivo, we examined the expression-profiles of GPR4, TDAG8, OGR1 and G2A in four common skin tumors, i.e. squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), malignant melanoma (MM), compound nevus cell nevi (NCN), basal cell carcinoma (BCC). We performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining on paraffin-embedded tissue samples acquired from patients suffering from SCC, MM, NCN or BCC. We show the expression of pH-GPCRs in four common skin cancers. Different expression patterns in the investigated skin cancer types indicate that the different pH-GPCRs may have distinct functions in tumor progression and serve as novel therapeutic targets.

40-Year Trends in Skin Cancer in British Columbia, Canada, 1973 to 2003

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Mclean ◽  
Norm Phillips ◽  
Youwen Zhou ◽  
Richard Gallagher ◽  
Tim K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Over Time

Background: Skin cancer is common in North America. Incidence rate trends are potentially important in the assessment of the effects of measures to increase sun awareness in the population as well as measures to reduce sun damage. Objective: To determine the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a geographically defined Canadian population over a 40-year period. Methods: Data were obtained from the BC Cancer Registry for the calendar years 1973, 1983, 1993, and 2003. Results: Age-standardized incidence rates increased significantly from 1973 to 2003 for BCC, SCC, and CMM. Limitations: The ethnic makeup of British Columbia has changed over time, and a novel method of accounting for the effect of this on skin cancer rates is presented. Conclusion: The incidence rate for skin cancers continued to rise in British Columbia, but there appears to have been a decline in the incidence of CMM and BCC in the youngest cohorts.

scholarly journals Treatment of Multiple Actinic Keratosis and Field of Cancerization with Topical Piroxicam 0.8% and Sunscreen 50+ in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Series of 10 Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Garofalo ◽  
Alessandra Ventura ◽  
Sara Mazzilli ◽  
Laura Diluvio ◽  
Luca Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Actinic Keratosis ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipient ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Organ transplant recipient (OTR) subjects are at high risk of skin cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis (AK) is considered the precursor of these non-melanoma skin cancers. Sun protection is mandatory in subjects with AK and this preventive strategy is very important in OTR. Treatment of the field of cancerization is also crucial to reduce the risk of recurrence of skin lesions in AK and non-melanoma skin cancer patients. Activation of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 enzymes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. Topical application of cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as diclofenac and, more recently, piroxicam has shown to reduce AK lesions in immunocompetent subjects. A medical device containing piroxicam and SPF 50+ sunscreen filters (P+SS) has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing AK lesions and improving the field of cancerization. We report the effect of P+SS, applied for 16 weeks, in a case series of 10 OTR subjects with multiple AK lesions. P+SS treatment was associated with a relevant AK lesion reduction (>75%) in 7 patients (with a complete clearance in 3 subjects) with an improvement in the field of cancerization. This medical device could be considered a promising long-term curative and preventive treatment in OTR patients at high risk of non-melanoma skin cancers.

scholarly journals Adjuvant Treatment of Early Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study of Whole Abdominal Versus Pelvic Nodal Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Soumyajit Roy ◽  
Paul Hoskins ◽  
Anna Tinker ◽  
Harinder Brar ◽  
Gale Bowering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Adjuvant treatment in early ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is not yet standardized. The objective of this population-based study was to compare the outcome of patients with early OCCC treated with adjuvant chemotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy (chemoRT) and evaluate the association of adjuvant radiotherapy regimens (whole abdominal radiotherapy [WART] versus pelvic nodal radiotherapy [PRT]) with outcome. Patients and Methods: Chart review was conducted to identify patients with stage I and II OCCC with complete information on staging. Patients with stage IA, IB, or IC OCCC purely resulting from capsular rupture were excluded because the provincial protocol does not recommend adjuvant treatment. Results: Overall, 403 patients were identified and 343 received adjuvant treatment, of whom 255 had stage IC or II OCCC and 153 were eligible for final analysis. On Cox multivariable regression, receipt of chemoRT (n=90) was associated with an improvement in failure-free survival (FFS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34–0.94) compared with chemotherapy alone (n=63). Use of chemoRT also resulted in 54% reduction in the cumulative incidence of cancer-specific mortality (subdistribution HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.24–0.89). However, there was no significant difference in the HR for overall survival (OS) between the chemoRT (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.43–1.13) and chemotherapy group. Relative to chemotherapy + WART (chemo-WART), chemotherapy + PRT (chemo-PRT) was not associated with any significant difference in HR for FFS (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.40–4.44) or OS (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.37–3.46). Conclusions: Adjuvant chemoRT was associated with a lower risk of failure compared with chemotherapy alone. However, there was no difference in OS between the adjuvant chemotherapy and chemoRT regimens. Additionally, no significant difference in terms of FFS or OS was found between the chemo-WART and chemo-PRT groups.

scholarly journals Development of Two Types of Skin Cancer in a Patient with Systemic Sclerosis: a Case Report and Overview of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Firdevs Ulutaş ◽  
Erdem Çomut ◽  
Veli Çobankara
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Skin Neoplasms ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an uncommon rheumatic disease in which the underlying main histopathologic feature is a thickening of the skin due to excessive accumulation of collagen in the extracellular tissue. Fibrogenesis, chronic inflammation, and ulceration may eventually promote skin neoplasms. Although nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent type, there have been restricted case reports and case series with skin cancers in SSc patients in the literature. Herein, we describe a 78-year-old woman diagnosed with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis thirteen years ago and associated nonspecific interstitial pneumonia that was successfully treated with high cumulative doses of cyclophosphamide. She developed basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in the follow-up. She is still on rituximab treatment with stable interstitial lung disease as indicated by pulmonary function tests and high-resolution chest computed tomography. To our knowledge and a literature search, this is the first reported patient with SSc with two types of skin cancer. In this review, we also aimed to emphasize the relationship between SSc and skin cancer, and possible risk factors for SSc-related skin cancer.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Trends of Skin Cancers in Guilan Province, Iran During 2010-2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
Abbas Darjani ◽  
◽  
Narges Alizadeh ◽  
Kaveh Gharaei Nejad ◽  
Hojat Eftekhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Guilan Province

Background: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world. Pattern of skin cancer is different in various geographical regions, depending on the genetic and environmental factors. Objective: This study aims to investigate the incidence rate of skin cancer and its trends in Guilan province of Iran during 2010-2014. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the five-year data related to all cases of skin cancer recorded for Guilan Province during 2010-2014 were used. The age-sex incidence of skin cancer was standardized using the standard population of the World Health Organization. The age-standardized incidence rate of skin cancers including Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Melanoma was calculated, and then its trends were evaluated. Results: A total of 1664 cases with skin cancer, 1014 men and 650 women, were reported in the province from 2010 to 2014. Incidence of skin cancer was higher in men. BCC was the most common skin cancer. The most common site for BCC was face and scalp, and for SCC it was the lip. Melanoma was mostly occurred on acral regions. The incidence of skin cancer had a rising trend and had raised in all age groups. Conclusion: There is an increasing trend of skin cancers in Guilan Province. Therefore, planning for detection, prevention and control of its risk factors is necessary.

Skin cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubeta Matin ◽  
Jane McGregor ◽  
Catherine Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cutaneous Metastasis ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Skin cancer is very common in the UK, and its incidence is rising rapidly. There are two broad classes of primary skin cancer: non-melanoma and melanoma. Non-melanoma skin cancer is the commonest form (100 000 cases diagnosed annually in the UK), accounting for nine out of ten skin cancers and includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cutaneous melanoma is less common (10 000 cases diagnosed in the UK annually) but confers a significantly worse prognosis and accounts for 75% of skin cancer related deaths. There are also a number of other, rarer, non-melanoma skin cancers (e.g. appendageal carcinomas, Merkel cell carcinoma, sarcomas, vascular malignancies, and cutaneous lymphomas); however, these account for less than 1% of all skin cancers in the UK and so will not be specifically discussed in this chapter. Cutaneous metastases can occur secondary to any internal cancer or, indeed, to skin cancer (e.g. melanoma). In most cases, cutaneous metastasis occurs after the diagnosis of a primary cancer and usually in late stages of the disease but, in some cases, it may be the first presentation, in which case it should prompt a thorough investigation for the primary malignancy.

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