scholarly journals Epidemiology and Trends of Skin Cancers in Guilan Province, Iran During 2010-2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
Abbas Darjani ◽  
◽  
Narges Alizadeh ◽  
Kaveh Gharaei Nejad ◽  
Hojat Eftekhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Guilan Province

Background: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world. Pattern of skin cancer is different in various geographical regions, depending on the genetic and environmental factors. Objective: This study aims to investigate the incidence rate of skin cancer and its trends in Guilan province of Iran during 2010-2014. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the five-year data related to all cases of skin cancer recorded for Guilan Province during 2010-2014 were used. The age-sex incidence of skin cancer was standardized using the standard population of the World Health Organization. The age-standardized incidence rate of skin cancers including Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Melanoma was calculated, and then its trends were evaluated. Results: A total of 1664 cases with skin cancer, 1014 men and 650 women, were reported in the province from 2010 to 2014. Incidence of skin cancer was higher in men. BCC was the most common skin cancer. The most common site for BCC was face and scalp, and for SCC it was the lip. Melanoma was mostly occurred on acral regions. The incidence of skin cancer had a rising trend and had raised in all age groups. Conclusion: There is an increasing trend of skin cancers in Guilan Province. Therefore, planning for detection, prevention and control of its risk factors is necessary.

scholarly journals Roles and challenges of family physicians in Uganda: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent K. Besigye ◽  
Jude Onyango ◽  
Fred Ndoboli ◽  
Vincent Hunt ◽  
Cynthia Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Report ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World

Background: The World Health report (2008), the World Health Assembly (2009) and the Declaration of Astana (2018) acknowledge the significant contribution of family physicians (FPs) in clinical and primary healthcare. Given the lack of resources and low numbers of FPs coupled with the contextual nature of family medicine (FM), the scope of practice of African FPs is likely to differ from that of colleagues in America and Europe. Thus, this study explored the roles of Ugandan FPs and the challenges they face.Methods: This cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted through in-depth interviews with FPs who are working in Uganda. Participants who work in public and private healthcare systems including non-governmental organisations and in all geographical regions were purposively selected. Interviews were conducted from July 2016 to June 2017. Qualitative thematic content analysis of the transcripts was performed using a framework approach.Results: The study team identified three and six thematic roles and challenges, respectively, from the interview transcripts. The roles were clinician, leadership and teaching and learning. Challenges included lack of common identity, low numbers of FPs, conflicting roles, unrealistic expectations, poor organisational infrastructure and lack of incentives.Conclusion: The major roles of FPs in Uganda are similar to those of their counterparts in other parts of the world. Family physicians provide clinical care for patients, including preventive and curative services; providing leadership, management and mentorship to clinical teams; and teaching and learning. However, their roles are exercised differently as a result of lack of proper institutionalisation of FM within the Uganda health system. Family physicians in Uganda have found many opportunities to contribute to healthcare leadership, education and service, but have not yet found a stable niche within the healthcare system.

40-Year Trends in Skin Cancer in British Columbia, Canada, 1973 to 2003

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Mclean ◽  
Norm Phillips ◽  
Youwen Zhou ◽  
Richard Gallagher ◽  
Tim K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Over Time

Background: Skin cancer is common in North America. Incidence rate trends are potentially important in the assessment of the effects of measures to increase sun awareness in the population as well as measures to reduce sun damage. Objective: To determine the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a geographically defined Canadian population over a 40-year period. Methods: Data were obtained from the BC Cancer Registry for the calendar years 1973, 1983, 1993, and 2003. Results: Age-standardized incidence rates increased significantly from 1973 to 2003 for BCC, SCC, and CMM. Limitations: The ethnic makeup of British Columbia has changed over time, and a novel method of accounting for the effect of this on skin cancer rates is presented. Conclusion: The incidence rate for skin cancers continued to rise in British Columbia, but there appears to have been a decline in the incidence of CMM and BCC in the youngest cohorts.

scholarly journals Contextualizing adverse event following immunization data of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in VigiAccess: An approach for reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Yamoah ◽  
Kofi Boamah Mensah ◽  
Thelma Alalbila Mpoku ◽  
Neelaveni Padayachee ◽  
Frasia Oosthuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adverse Event Following Immunization ◽  
The World

Abstract IntroductionVaccination features high among the public health interventions that have contributed significantly to global health. Following the March 2020 declaration by the World Health Organization that coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic, several vaccines have been developed and administered to curb the spread of COVID-19. One of the threats to attaining adequate vaccination uptake for these relatively new vaccines are concerns people have about the adverse event following immunization (AEFI) information. This study sought to assess AEFIs reported on COVID-19 vaccines approved for use so far in VigiAccess and to make a case for why AEFIs data in the database must be interpreted with caution.MethodsThe study followed a cross-sectional quantitative study design. VigiAccess was searched on November 10, 2021 for AEFIs reported so far for all the 12 approved COVID-19 vaccines. Data were captured among age groups, sex and continents of the world. Descriptive data were summarized using tables. Frequencies and percentages were used to categorize descriptive variables. No ethical approval was obtained before the commencement of the study as this was essentially a secondary data analysis of AEFI reports which cannot be linked to any individual. Consequently, there was no need for the informed consent process.ResultsOverall, 2,457,386 AEFIs had been reported in VigiAccess. AEFIs were found to be highest among the 18-44 age group (39.7%) and lowest in vaccine recipients below 12 years (0.1%). AEFIs were more common in females than male vaccine recipients with over two-thirds of the vaccine recipients being females. Among the continents of the world, AEFI reports were highest for Europe (50%) and lowest for Africa (3%). The top 10 commonly reported AEFI types were as follows: general disorders and vaccine administrative site conditions (1,481,549, 60.1%), nervous system disorders (1,046,928, 42.6%), musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (704,657, 28.6%), gastrointestinal disorders (495,997, 20.2%), investigations with undesirable outcomes (341,677, 13.9%), skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (335,932, 13.6%), respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders (262,158, 10.6%), infections and infestations (180,873, 7.3%), vascular disorders (132,533, 5.3%) and injury, poisoning and procedural complications (122,519, 5%).ConclusionThe study showed that over 2 million COVID-19 AEFIs were spontaneously reported in VigiAccess, however, no causal relationships could be established between the vaccines and the AEFIs. The public accessing VigiAccess data should be made aware of this lack of association so that they may make well informed health decisions.

scholarly journals A study on the morbidity pattern in adolescent school girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1901
Author(s):  
Shivani Sinha ◽  
Pratibha Gupta ◽  
Beena Sachan ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Seema Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
School Girls

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined adolescence as the age group of 10-19 years. According to World Health Organisation, adolescents constitute about one fifth of the world population, and in India they constitute about 21% of the total population. Adolescent girls are the worst sufferers of various forms of malnutrition because of their increased nutritional needs and low social power. If their nutritional needs are not met, they are likely to give birth to undernourished children, thus transmitting under nutrition to future generation. Objective was to study the various socio-demographic factors affecting the nutritional status in adolescent girls. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was carried out in Lucknow district. Adolescent girls of age groups 10-19 years were included in the study. Data was collected, compiled and tabulated using Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS 17.0 version for calculation of percentages. Results: Rural background, low socioeconomic status, illiteracy, birth rate and order, income and number of members in a family have shown to be significant determinants of morbidity pattern in the adolescent girls. Conclusions: Among the various morbidities eye problem was seen in maximum no of adolescent girls. Eye problem was present in 31% of adolescent girls followed by respiratory (12.8%) and ear (11.5%) disease. Skin disease was present in 3.1% of adolescent girls, which was more in rural girls than in urban girls, may be due to better hygienic practice in urban school girls. 

scholarly journals Dietary patterns among 13 - 17-years old school adolescents: A national comparison of the three geographical regions in Bolivia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Villalta ◽  
Nattalia Arauco ◽  
Marisol Mamani ◽  
Daniel E Illanes ◽  
Pramil Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World

Introduction. Bolivia is considered one to the most biodiverse countries in the world. It has three ecological floors or geographical regions (highlands, plains and valleys) with very different climatic and cultural characteristics. Traditionally dietary patterns varied in each region. Because two-thirds of premature deaths are associated with behaviors that begin in adolescence, understanding dietary patterns among adolescents is important to improving health. The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns of adolescents in the different geographical regions of Bolivia. Methodology. Data were obtained from the World Health Organization's Global School-based Student Health Survey 2018 that assesses risky behaviors and protective factors in students aged 13 to 17 years old. It uses an observational cross-sectional method and included 7945 adolescents in schools that were representative of all students in this age group in each of the three geographical regions in Bolivia. Results. 3.9% of students in Bolivia are food insecure, with the highest percentage in the highlands (4.6%) and the lowest in the plains (3.1%). Adolescents in the highlands consume vegetables and fruits more frequently than adolescents in the plains and valleys. Water consumption in the valleys was 19.6% students who drink 1-3 glasses/d. Dairy consumption ≥2 in 7 days is higher in the highlands and lower in the valleys. Consumption of soft drinks at ≥1 glass per day is 34.3% in the plains and 30.1% in the valleys. Junk food consumption ≥1 in 7 days was 62.0% with a greater presence on the plains at 65.7%. Conclusion. The highlands revealed a greater presence of protective factors than the other regions. The valley, despite having greater access to fruits and vegetables, has a greater presence of risky behaviors. Teenagers in the plains have greater exposure to advertising and access to junk food at school

scholarly journals Stunting and Its Risk Factors in Under Age Five Children in Ogun State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Tumilara Busayo Amoo ◽  
Baukje de Roos
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The World

Background: Nigeria has the second-highest prevalence of stunting in children under five in the world. Stunting can have long-term effects on development, performance, and productivity, and it is, therefore, important to assess who is most at risk so that interventions can be better targeted. The study aimed at assessing the prevalence of stunting in under age five children in Ogun State, Nigeria, and its relationship with age, sex, maternal education, household income, and residence type. Methods: We used cross-sectional secondary data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey to assess the prevalence of stunting and establish if and how stunting is related to the children’s age, sex, household income, maternal education, and type of residence. We included data on age, sex, height/length, maternal education, household income, and type of place of residence of 274 children, aged 0-59 months. Stunting was calculated using the online version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Anthro Survey Analyser. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (v.25). Results: The prevalence of stunting was 23%. Stunting was significantly associated with age (p=0.001). The odds of stunting were significantly highest in children aged 36-47 months (OR 22.61, 95%CI: 2.81, 181.93) relative to other age groups. Stunting was not significantly associated with sex (p=0.079), maternal education (p=0.079), household income (p=0.183) or type of place of residence (p=0.299). Conclusions: Whilst the prevalence of stunting in children aged under five in Ogun State is lower than the average prevalence of stunting in Nigeria, it is still medium according to WHO classification. Intensive nutrition interventions should be targeted to children aged 3-5 years to reduce the stunting prevalence.

scholarly journals Detailed head localization and incidence of skin cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Fijałkowska ◽  
Mateusz Koziej ◽  
Bogusław Antoszewski
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Sex Type ◽  
Cancer Subtype ◽  
The Face

AbstractSkin cancers are the most common neoplasms; frequently, they localize on the face. The aim of paper is to present the incidence of skin tumors in a single center from 2017 to 2019, describe trends in its frequency and find relations between neoplasms and sex, type of cancer, and its size. An analysis of histopathological files from the surgical department between 2017 and 2019 was calculated. These items were selected: sex, age, type of skin cancer, subtype of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), grading of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), localization and dimensions of the tumor. The study sample consisted of 387 cases. BCC was the most common cancer and its nodular type was the most frequent. In older patients, the vertical dimension of excised carcinoma was significantly larger. Moreover, this connection was detected only in women compared to men. There were statistically significant differences between dimensions of the skin cancer and sex. In men group, skin cancers had statistically higher vertical dimensions and larger surface areas. On the face and head, BCC more often localizes in the nasal area, while SCC on the auricle. It has been demonstrated that the older the patient, the larger the vertical dimension of the tumor. As such, tumor size is larger in men than in women, as women usually see their physicians sooner than men: cosmetic concerns are more important to them.

PENGARUH AKSES DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP PERILAKU IBU HAMIL DALAM MELAKUKAN KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PANCUR BATU TAHUN 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Oktafiana Manurung ◽  
Ermawaty Arisandi Siallagan
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have very bad criteria in terms of health, marriage, employment, education, equality with men. This condition is thought to lead to low maternal access to antenatal care. Goals : Antenatal care in accordance with antenatal care standards may decrease Maternal and Infant Mortality due to regular antenatal care can detect early problems that occur in the mother during pregnancy.Methods : The type of this research is analytical descriptive with cross sectional design which aims to analyze the influence of access and motivation of pregnant mother to mother behavior in doing antenatal visit. The research was conducted in Pancur Batu Puskesmas Working Area. The population is 181 people and the sample size is 61 people. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test.Result : The result of this research indicate that physical accessibility variable is the availability of unrelated officer (p = 0,461) to mother behavior in antenatal visit, social accessibility variable (p = 0,005) and attitude (p = 0,023), and for motivation variable is motive P = 0.005) and expectations (p = 0.019) had a significant effect on maternal behavior in antenatal visits.Conclution : Based on the results of research suggested Head of Pancur Batu Puskesmas to conduct training to officers especially midwives who provide services mainly about hospitality in providing services and to officers implementing services further improve the communication of information and education so that every pregnant women have a good understanding that can eventually cause attitude Positive, high motivation and expectation that can affect the mother in conducting standardized antenatal visits.

scholarly journals Pattern and Frequency of Skin Malignancies at Laboratory of Pathology Anatomy Dr. Kariadi General Hospital in 2008-2009

Sains Medika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Susilorini Susilorini ◽  
Udadi Sadhana ◽  
Indra Widjaya
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion

Introduction: A periodical database is important including for skin cancer. Periodical registration is needed to acknowledge changes in pattern and frequencies of skin lesion. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern and the frequency of skin lesion in RSUD Kariadi.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted through analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed skin lesion in the pathology labolatory of RSUD Kariadi between 2008 and 2009. The variables were secondary data including age, gender, specimen area, dan histopathology diagnosis. Data was choosen by consecutive sampling from 381 medical records of skin tissues examined at laboratorium of pathology anatomy of Dr. Kariadi general hospital during 2008-2009.Result: 381 cases were recorded comprising of 246 (65%) neoplastic and 135 (35%) non neoplastic lesion. 120 patients presented with skin cancer, and 126 with benign skin lesion. Most malignancy was observed among female patients (62.5%) on age catagory of 15-39 (65%). The most common lesion was basal cell carcinoma (48.3%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (33.3%), malignant melanoma (10%), skin appendix carcinoma (2.5%), other malignancies (4.9%).Conclusion: the most common malignancies in Dr. Kariadi general hospital before 2008 was similar to data from 13 laboratory of pathology anatomy in Indonesia, which is squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals Skin cancer awareness and sunscreen use among outpatients of a South African hospital: need for vigorous public education

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
N. C. Dlova ◽  
R. Gathers ◽  
J. Tsoka-Gwegweni ◽  
R. J. Hift
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
South African ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Melanoma Incidence ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Black Patients

Background: Melanoma incidence among white South Africans is increasing. Among black individuals, melanoma is associated with advanced stage at presentation and significant mortality.Objectives: A study was undertaken to assess the perception of skin cancer risk, knowledge of skin cancer, and understanding of the importance and use of sunscreens among South Africans.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in general outpatients over four months at a large central hospital in Durban, South Africa.Results: Only half the white respondents reported regular use of a sunscreen. Among black and Indian respondents, the number was substantially lower. Less than 20% of white respondents had ever checked their skin for suspicious moles. Most black patients were not aware that they are at risk of skin cancer, and only 10% were aware of the risk of developing skin cancers on acral sites and nails.Conclusions: There is a worrying lack of knowledge about skin cancer and sun protection behaviours among all South Africans. Given the increase in melanoma incidence and racial disparities in survival rates, it is imperative to target each population with effective, culturally sensitive educational programmes.

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