Clinico etiological spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity profile of bacillary dysentery in a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, India

Background: Diarrheal disorders along with dysentery constitute the second killer infections in childhood. In fact, more than half of the dysentery cases are recorded in children under 9 years of age. Shigella infection comprises well over 60% of dysentery cases in age group of 6 month to 5 years. Shigella flexneri is the commonest etiology encountered in developing nations. E. coli and campylobacter comprises the second important bacterial isolates in childhood dysentery. The objective of this study was to ascertain the clinical spectrum, etiological profile and local antibiotic sensitivity of the enteropathogens isolated.Methods: 147 serial dysentery cases admitted in GB Panth hospital Srinagar, which is an associated hospital of government medical college Srinagar from October 2014 to September 2015 were taken up for the study. A thorough and detailed history and examination was taken and recorded as per the proforma. Freshly collected stool sample was subjected to gross and microscopic examination; and after due bacteriological instructions was cultured on enrichment and selective media as per the need. Antibiotic sensitivity was done using disc diffusion method.Results: Maximum cases occurred in 1-5 years age group. Malnutrition grades II and III recorded the highest admissions. Most of cases had moderate dehydration. Although not frequent severe anemia, paralytic ileus and renal failure were the commoner complications. Shigella was grown in 12.24% of cases. Among them Shigella flexeneri serotype was encountered in 65% patients. Drug resistance was seen for many of the antibacterials like amoxycillin, ampicillin, norfloxacin, cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. However, they were susceptible to ceftriaxone and amikacin in well over 80% cases. E. coli isolates had similar antibiotic sensitivity profiles, with most susceptibility to amikacin and ceftriaxone.Conclusions: Drug sensitivity and resistance pattern is a variable phenomenon and changes from place to place and time to time. Hence there is a need to document the local pattern of an area so as to guide a judicious antibiotic administration.

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Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis and Its Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i2530828 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 106-111

Author(s):

Abdul Hameed Tunio ◽

Delijan Mugheri ◽

Muhammad Khan ◽

Wasim Sarwar Bhatti ◽

Abdul Majeed Soomro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Large Scale ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Research Work ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

Background: The drug resistance and pathogens are different in various Hospitals of any country. Very high resistance pattern is observed nowadays to the frequently used antibiotics. The important observation has been noted that most of the doctors do not obtain blood cultures before start of the antibiotics, which becomes competent source of resistance. For the same purpose, this study has been done to find out the responsible microbes causing ailment and their susceptibility towards antibiotics to plan early and effective management. Materials and Methods: A number of 100 new borns admitted in the NICU CMC Children Hospital Larkana with signs and symptoms of sepsis were included in this research work. The study will help in provision of a comprehensive record on microorganisms causing sepsis in the neonates and their antibiotic sensitivity. The epidemiology and presence of neonatal sepsis in particular area makes it more easy and convenient to implement the rationale of empirical antibiotic strategy. Results: From100 neonatal blood samples taken for culture, only 21 proved to be positive which stands 21%. In majority gram positive bacteria were found in (85.71%=18 cases) and gram negative bacteria stood (14.28%=3 cases).Staphylococcus species were found on the large scale (52.38%=11 cases) secondly Streptococcus species (33.33%=7 cases) and the remaining were Escherichia species being least common (14.28%=3 cases). Conclusion: Staphylococcus species provided major share as gram positive bacteria and Escherichia species were found to be major gram negative bacterial population responsible for neonatal sepsis. Profound resistance pattern is seen against widely used antibiotics. It is mandatory to have a routine check over the antibiotic resistance.

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Frequency and Sensitivity Pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoae Isolated from Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.3329/bjid.v1i1.21473 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 3-7

Author(s):

Fatema Nusrat ◽

K.M. Shahidul Islam ◽

S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽

Md. Abdullah Yusuf ◽

Aleya Farzana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Carbohydrate Utilization ◽

Medical College ◽

Gram Staining ◽

Child Bearing ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Presumptive Identification

Background: Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoae is changing frequently. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoae isolated from women presented with cervicitis.Methodology: This cross sectional study.carried out in the Department of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2011 to December 2012 for a period of one and half year. All the women presented with or without the clinical features of cervicitis at child bearing age (15 to 49 yrs) with or without pregnancy were enrolled as study population. Endocervical swabs were collected for Gram staining, culture, biochemical test from clinically diagnosed patients of cervicitis for presumptive identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The isolates with presumptive identification were confirmed by rapid carbohydrate utilization test (RCUT), which differentiates N.gonorrhoeae from other Neisseria. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done according CLSI guideline. Result: A total 245 females were recruited of which N. gonorrhoeae were detected from 39(15.9%) cases. Among 39 positive cases of gonococcal cervicitis, 19 (48.71%) were detected in the age group of 21-30 years. 56.41% were sensitive and 30.76% were resistant to ceftriaxone. Similarly 51.28% were sensitive and 23.07% were resistant to cefuroxime; 23.07% sensitive, 30.76% moderately sensitive and 46.15% resistant to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Gonococcal cervicitis is found in a high frequency rate with a reduced sensitivity to antibiotics especially ciprofloxacin, second and third generation cephalosporins.Bangladesh J Infect Dis 2014;1(1):3-7

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Etiological profile of pyodermas in a tertiary care hospital in North-East India and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20195671 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Bijayanti Devi ◽

Kamal Das ◽

Suman Gupta

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Total Study Population ◽

North East India ◽

North East ◽

Pigmentary Disorders ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Study Population

Background: Hypermelanoses involving predominantly the face and the neck is relatively common and often presents a complex diagnostic problem. The present study was done in the study population of 500 patients of facial pigmentation, attending the skin outpatient department in AarupadaiVeedu Medical College and Hospital from October 2015 to September 2017. Aim and objective of the study was to study various clinical patterns of facial pigmentation, their clinical characteristics, their association with other pigmentary disorders and to evaluate the different etiotogical and precipitating factors.Methods: In this study, a special proforma was prepared. Patients were thoroughly interviewed and examined to find out dermatological and systemic diseases and they were subjected to investigations to evaluate different etiological factors and diagnose the clinical type of facial pigmentation.Results: The present study showed a strong female preponderance. Among the total study population there were 55% cases of melasma, 20% cases of Riehls melanosis, 10% cases of periorbital pigmentation and 5% of miscellaneous causes.Conclusions: Facial pigmentation was commonly seen in the females. 21-30 years age group was the most commonly affected age group in all types of facial pigmentation. Melasma, Riehls melanosis and periorbital pigmentation were the most common clinical types of facial pigmentation observed.

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Incidence and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20170324 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 329

Author(s):

Anubhuti Khare ◽

Saroj Kothari ◽

Vaibhav Misra

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

E Coli ◽

Medical College ◽

Stewardship Program ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Indoor And Outdoor

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem worldwide and differs from region to region. This study was planned to determine the incidence and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in our region and discuss the general issues related to antimicrobial resistance.Methods: Prospective study was carried out between March to October 2015. Samples of urine, blood, pus, CSF and miscellaneous samples (fluids, swabs, sputum and stool) were collected from indoor and outdoor patients for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P. aeruginosa in the Department of Microbiology G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (MP).Results: Out of the 5000 samples analyzed 1684 showed growth. K. pneumoniae (38.50%), E. coli (33.29%) and P. aeruginosa (28.19%) constituited a total of 805 isolates. Both E.coli and K. pneumoniae showed highest sensitivity for doxycycline (75%; 67% resp.) and second highest for levofloxacin (70%; 64% resp.), whereas, P. aeruginosa showed highest 57% sensitivity for amikacin followed by 48% for levofloxacin. β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides showed high mean resistance (K.pneumoniae-83%, E.coli-79%, P. aeruginosa-86.4%) and (K. pneumoniae-75%, E. coli-61%, P. aeruginosa-70%) resp.Conclusions: The data indicates high resistance among the gram-negative bacteria for β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Increasing resistance to doxycycline and flouroquinolones for K. pneumoniae and E. coli and multidrug resistance to P. aeruginosa is a cause of concern in this region. Thus, there is a need to stop misuse of antibiotics with immediate effect and to implement a strong antimicrobial stewardship program.

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A clinical study of pattern of geriatric dermatosis in tertiary care hospital of Rajasthan

IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology ◽

10.18231/j.ijced.2021.028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 148-152

Author(s):

Bajrang Soni ◽

Priyanka Meena

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Detailed History ◽

Medical College ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

The Common

: Geriatric health care has received lot of attention nationwide due to increase in life expectancy over the time. Among the various health issue geriatric dermatosis are one of the most common reason for regular OPD visits. This study was done to inquest the spectrum of cutaneous manifestation and the factors responsible for causing physiological and pathological changes in the skin of elderly people.: Three hundred consecutive patients aged more than 60 yrs of age attending the out patient department of dermatology at PDU Medical College & hospitals Churu were subjected for study. A detailed history was taken. A complete general, systemic & Cutaneous examination was done along with relevant investigation were carried out. Findings were collated in Performa for analysis and interpretation of data. A total of 300 patients were enrolled in the study out of which 59 % were male and 41 % were female. Pruritis was the commonest complain elicted in 68.5 % of patients. Among the physiological changes xerosis was the commonest seen in 63 % of patients and infecions followed by eczems was the common pathological conditions. The population of 60 yrs and above is a rapidly growing dermatology clientele with both physiological and pathological manifestations. This study highlights the various dermatoses peculiar to the geriatric population and aims at sensitizing the fraternity to the specific needs of this special age group.

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Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens in children with urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital in Kachchh, Gujarat, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20174740 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 2103

Author(s):

Rekha Thaddanee ◽

Gurudas Khilnani ◽

Nupur Shah ◽

Ajeet Kumar Khilnani

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

E Coli ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Background: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kachchh, over a period of 6 months, to know the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens in children less than 18 years old with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI).Methods: Between December 2016 to June 2017, 186 children met the inclusion criterion. Urine samples were collected and processed for urine routine microscopy, culture and antibiotic sensitivity as per the standard laboratory guidelines. Urine culture was positive in 50 cases, which were further evaluated to find out any renal disease. All patients were given 10-14 days antibiotics course and follow-up urine reports were done. Patients were considered cured when the follow-up urine reports were normal.Results: E. coli was the commonest organism (34%) isolated, found mainly in 1-5 years age group (20%). Enterococci were isolated in 32% cases, most of which were less than 5 years of age (28%). Klebsiella (12%), Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) (10%), Coagulase negative staphylococci (6%), Pseudomonas (2%) and Budding yeast cell (4%) were the less frequent organisms isolated. E. coli were found to be less sensitive to different Aminoglycosides (11.7% - 23.5%), Cephalosporins (11.7% - 52.9%), Fluoroquinolones (5.8% - 11.7%), Co-trimoxazole (17.6%) and Piperacillin (17.6%), but were more sensitive (70.6%) to Imipenems. Enterococci were also partially sensitive to Aminoglycosides (6.2-18.7%), Cephalosporins (25-37.5.7%), Fluoroquinolones (6.25-12.5%), Penicillin-G (50%), Piperacillin (31.25%) and Co-trimoxazole (43.75%), but had good sensitivity for Imipenems (68.7%), Linezolid (75%) and Vancomycin (81.2%). Similarly, MRSA was 100% sensitive to Linezolid and Imipenem but partially sensitive (20-60%) to other antibiotics. Klebsiella showed 16.65-33.3% sensitivity to all antibiotics except Imipenem (83.3%) and was 100% resistant to Co-trimoxazole. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) remained 100% sensitive to all antibiotics and Pseudomonas was resistant to all antibiotics.Conclusions: The study concludes that pathogens for UTI in children have developed resistance, even to the newer generation antibiotics, probably due to the irrational use of antibiotics. In view of emergence of multi drug resistant pathogens, which carry considerable morbidity and mortality, every effort must be taken to use antibiotics judiciously.

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An analysis of postoperative adverse events following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care hospital

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20192987 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 2533

Author(s):

Ramanuj Mukherjee ◽

Vaibhav Agarwal ◽

Arup Mohanta ◽

Gouri Mukhopadhyay ◽

Sudipta Samanta

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Unintentional Injury ◽

Common Adverse Event ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Life Threatening

Background: Being one of the most commonly performed surgery in the modern era, post-operative complications following laparoscopic cholecystectomy deserve special mention. Though not very life threatening, they are quite common. Considering these aspects, this study aims to identify them and possibly a potential remedy for decreasing the incidence in the future.Methods: This is a retrospective, institution-based, observational and cross-sectional analysis conducted in R.G. KAR Medical College and Hospital over 5 years on 1000 patients undergoing surgery. Here we intend to observe the adverse events following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the post-operative period.Results: Most of the complications were seen in the age group greater than 40 years(63%) followed by the age group 30-40 years (26%).Adverse events were much more common in females (85%) followed by males (15%). The symptoms appeared mostly during 3-7 days post operatively (57%) followed by 20% within the first 6 hours. Non-specific abdominal pain (28%) was the most common adverse event followed by port-site infection in 16.5% cases.Conclusions: Proper pre-anaesthetic check-up with proper instrument handling with proper caution and before closing confirmation of proper placement of clip and no other unintentional injury anywhere can decrease the post-operative complication.

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STUDY ON LEVELS OF SERUM IRON AND SERUM FERRITIN IN ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

10.36106/ijsr/8129523 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Madhurima Bora ◽

Sherin Gogoi ◽

Puja Bora

Keyword(s):

Serum Iron ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

The Body ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Medical College ◽

The Individual ◽

T Values

Introduction: A notable feature of patients suffering from mental disorders is the severity of deficiency in the nutrients in diets especially essential vitamins, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids. Iron is a vital nutrient that plays a role in every cell of the body, the deficiency of which will cause depression besides lack of energy, dizziness, light headedness and pale skin. Aim: The study is aimed to estimate serum iron and Ferritin in adolescent depression cases and to evaluate their role in adolescent depression. Method material: Patients in the age group of 13 – 19 years, suffering from depression, and attending Psychiatry OPD of Gauhati Medical College are taken as cases. Controls are healthy individuals in the same age group. Samples are collected and serum iron and ferritin are estimated and compared between the two groups. Data are analyzed with the help of Minitab-19 and in MS-excel. Results: Both serum iron and ferritin are decreased significantly in group containing adolescent with depression. Both are highly significant P<0.001 with ‘t’ values 14.42 and 13.11 respectively. Conclusion: This Study gives us an idea that while investigating a case of adolescent depression, emphasis must be given to the nutritive status (iron and ferritin) of the individual also.

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Clinico-epidemiological study of facial hyper-melanoses among patients attending dermatology outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital at Pondicherry

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20195673 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Chitralekhya Rao ◽

Oudeacoumar Paqurissamy ◽

Govardhan J. ◽

Varsha Medasani

Keyword(s):

Epidemiological Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Total Study Population ◽

Medical College ◽

Pigmentary Disorders ◽

The Face ◽

Study Population

Background: Hypermelanoses involving predominantly the face and the neck is relatively common and often presents a complex diagnostic problem. The present study titled “Clinico-epidemiological study of facial hyperpigmentation” was done in the study population of 500 patients of facial pigmentation, attending the skin outpatient department in AarupadaiVeedu Medical College and Hospital from October 2015 to September 2017.Methods: Aim and objective of the study was to study various clinical patterns of facial pigmentation, their clinical characteristics, their association with other pigmentary disorders and to evaluate the different etiotogical and precipitating factors. A special proforma was prepared. Patients were thoroughly interviewed and examined to find out dermatological and systemic diseases and they were subjected to investigations to evaluate different etiological factors and diagnose the clinical type of facial pigmentation.Results: The present study showed a strong female preponderance. Among the total study population there were 55% cases of melasma, 20% cases of Riehls melanosis, 10% cases of periorbital pigmentation and 5% of miscellaneous causes.Conclusions: Facial pigmentation was commonly seen in the females. 21-30 years age group was the most commonly affected age group in all types of facial pigmentation. Melasma, Riehls melanosis and periorbital pigmentation were the most common clinical types of facial pigmentation observed.

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AN AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF DRUGS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS IN A NORTH INDIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i7.33882 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 308-310

Author(s):

ASHWANI UMMAT ◽

RANJODH JEET SINGH ◽

SONIA KOCHHAR

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Oral Route ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prescription Pattern ◽

Medical College ◽

Indian Medical

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze the prescription pattern of drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) in a north Indian medical college collaborated with a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An observational study was conducted on 300 patients diagnosed with OA in the department of orthopedics in collaboration with the department of pharmacology, and thus, prescription was collected as in a cross-sectional manner for 6 months and the same were analyzed in the Department of Orthopedics in tertiary care hospital collaborated with medical college. Results: The average age of patients participating in this present study was 56.46±7.4 years with affected age group of 46-60 years. 60 % of females were affected by osteoarthritis outnumbering male (40 %) patients in this present study. The most commonly involved joint was knee joint (87.33 %) in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis followed by back (6.67 %) and hip joint (6%). The combination therapy (90 %) outweighed monotherapy (10 %) with preferred route of drug administration as oral route (90 %) followed by topical route (10 %). The average number of drugs prescribed for patients of osteoarthritis was 2.62±0.76. This present study concludes that NSAIDs (45.8%) were prescribed most commonly. However, the drug paracetamol was lesser prescribed and other drugs such as Diclofenac (27.22 %) and acetaminophen (34.44 %) most of all followed by Nimesulide (16.67 %), ibuprofen (13.33 %) and Rofecoxib/valdecoxib (8.33 %) were prescribed. Conclusion: This present study concludes that NSAIDs were most commonly prescribed as p-drugs while paracetamol was undermined prescribed.

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