scholarly journals An active surveillance of anaemia among pregnant women and its association with obstetric history and sanitation in urban areas of Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2478
Author(s):  
Firoza Bano ◽  
Anju Gahlot
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Status ◽  
Few Data

Background: Anaemia is still one of the challenging issues in India in spite of various ongoing nutritional programmes. Very few data have been observed from the state Uttar Pradesh especially from urban areas regarding the status of anaemia during pregnancy. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women and its association with the various socio-demographic determinants in urban areas of Kanpur.Methods: Cross-sectional study having total participants of 207 pregnant women were selected by simple random sampling method and interviewed by pretested questionnaire followed by testing haemoglobin level in blood through Sahli’s haemoglobinometer and collected data were analysed using SPSS Version 21.0 and Microsoft Excel 2007.Results: Out of 207 pregnant women 163 were estimated as anaemic.Conclusions: A high prevalence of anaemia was observed which is 78.7%. Adolescent age group, lack of sanitation and worm infestations were detected significant parameters contributing anaemia.

scholarly journals Factors associated with food safety compliance among street food vendors in Can Tho city, Vietnam: implications for intervention activity design and implementation

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ba Huynh-Van ◽  
Vy Vuong-Thao ◽  
Tuyen Huynh-Thi-Thanh ◽  
Sinh Dang-Xuan ◽  
Tung Huynh-Van ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Intervention Activity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Can Tho City

Abstract Background Street food plays a valuable role in several Asian countries including Vietnam. Improving the safety of street food is an important responsibility for many local food authorities. This study aims to characterize the business profile of fixed and mobile street food vendors, and to compare their compliance with the food safety criteria. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire and observational checklist to assess the ten Vietnamese food safety criteria prescribed under Decision No. 3199/2000/QD-BYT for street food vendors in Can Tho city. A total of 400 street food vendors, composed of fixed and mobile vendors, in urban areas of the city were randomly selected for the survey. Results The study showed significant differences between the two types of street food vendors in educational level (p = 0.017); business profile, including types of foods vended, area in use, number of employees, training in food safety, and business registration paperwork; and the status of compliance with the ten-food hygiene and safety criteria (p < 0.01). Poisson regression analysis found that education attainment (IRR = 1.228, p = 0.015), food safety training (IRR = 4.855, p < 0.01), total business capital (IRR = 1.004, p = 0.031) and total area in use (IRR = 1.007, p = 0.001) appeared to be significantly positively associated with food safety and hygiene compliance. In contrast, mobile vending type was negatively associated with the likelihood of adhering to the ten criteria (IRR = 0.547, p = 0.005). Conclusions These findings emphasize the need for training and education programs to improve food safety knowledge and practice among street food vendors. Basic infrastructure and services, especially clean water, proper sanitation, and waste disposal facilities, should be provided to help street food vendors better practice food safety and hygiene regulations.

scholarly journals The Quality of Life of Coronavirus Disease Survivors Living in Rural and Urban Area of Riau Province, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Shashi Kandel ◽  
Rahmat Azhari Kemal ◽  
Arfianti Arfianti
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

This study assesses the status of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among coronavirus survivors living in rural and urban districts in Riau province, Indonesia. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 and 285 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) survivors living in rural and urban areas, respectively in August 2021. The St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to measure the HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors. A higher total score domain corresponds to worse quality of life status. Quantile regression with the respect to 50th percentile found a significant association for the factors living in rural areas, being female, having comorbidities, and being hospitalized during treatment, with total score of 4.77, 2.43, 7.22, and 21.27 higher than in their contra parts, respectively. Moreover, having received full vaccination had the score 3.96 in total score. The HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors living in rural areas was significantly lower than in urban areas. Factors such as living in rural areas, female sex, having comorbidities, and history of symptomatic COVID-19 infection were identified as significant predictors for lower quality of life. Meanwhile, having full vaccination is a significant predictor for a better quality of life. The results of this study can provide the targeted recommendations for improvement of HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption among women of Rural Telangana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Lingala ◽  
Sneha Simon ◽  
Bhagath . ◽  
Kavitha .
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Tobacco kills approximately 1 million people annually in India and is responsible for almost half of all cancers in men and quarter of all cancers in women. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is one such form that is culturally and socially acceptable by women especially in rural India. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among women, prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among 190 women in the rural field practice area of department of community medicine of Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal during the period of October 2019 to December 2019. Data was collected using simple random sampling. A semi structured questionnaire was prepared with the help of global adult tobacco survey proforma. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.00.Results: Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 57% and the most common form of tobacco being consumed was tobacco with pan (40.3%). The prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke at home was 61%. The most common reason for initiation was peer pressure. High prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco was seen in unemployed and illiterate women.Conclusions: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption is higher among women in this study and this indicates the lack of awareness and the need for better strategies to reduce the burden.

scholarly journals Prevalence of falls in elderly in Brazil: a countrywide analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1819-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Vinholes Siqueira ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽  
Denise Silva da Silveira ◽  
Roberto Xavier Piccini ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Falls In Elderly

We conducted a cross-sectional study of a sample of 6,616 elderly living in urban areas of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states, who responded to questions on the occurrence of falls in the 12 months prior to the interview, and occurrence of fractures due to the falls. The prevalence of falls among the elderly was 27.6% (95%CI: 26.5-28.7). Among those reporting falls, 11% had suffered fractures as a result. Of the elderly, 36% had received guidance about the precautions necessary to prevent falls, and about 1% had required surgery. Falls were associated with female gender, older age, low socioeconomic status, obesity and sedentary lifestyles. The prevalence of falls differed significantly between the North and other regions of Brazil. The study shows a high prevalence of falls, and underlines the need for preventive strategies targeting modifiable risk factors.

Status and disparities of diabetes among urban and rural residents aged 40 years and older: insight from a population-based study in northeast China, 2017–2019

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-213755
Author(s):  
Liying Xing ◽  
Yuanmeng Tian ◽  
Li Jing ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
Zhi Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

ObjectivesTo evaluate the up-to-date epidemiology of diabetes in northeast China.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2019 using a multistage, stratified and cluster random sampling method. 18 796 participants (28.9% urban and 71.1% rural) aged ≥40 years were enrolled. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were diagnosed according to the history, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes was 17.1%, higher in urban than in rural residents (20.2% vs 15.8%, p<0.001). Meanwhile, the prevalence of pre-diabetes was 44.3%, higher in rural than in urban areas (49.4% vs 31.8%, p<0.001). The overall FPG and HbA1c were 6.10±1.94 mmol/L and 5.59%±1.08%. The FPG level was higher in rural area than in urban areas (6.15±1.83 mmol/L vs 5.97±2.18 mmol/L, p<0.001). Among participants with diabetes, 47.5% were aware of their diabetes condition; 39.5% were taking antidiabetic medications and 36.8% of people had their diabetes controlled. The awareness and treatment rates in rural areas were lower than those in urban areas (47.3% vs 57.5%, 34.4% vs 49.5%, p<0.001). Patients with diabetic, especially those in rural areas, tended to have multiple risk factors including hypertension (71.7%), overweight or obesity (69.6%) and dyslipidaemia (52.8%).ConclusionA considerable burden of diabetes was observed in northeast China, with high percentage of untreated diabetes, high prevalence of pre-diabetes, high overall FPG level and multiple uncontrolled risk factors in patients with diabetics. Therefore, region-specific strategies on prevention and management of diabetes should be emphasised.

Determinant of Practice of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Plan Among Pregnant Women at Debretabor, North west Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhan Tsegaye Negash
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complication Readiness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Partner Involvement

Abstract Background: Nearly all of maternal deaths in the world occurred in sub-Saharan African countries. As Ethiopian demographic health survey report, there were 412 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2016. Delays in decision to seek and receive care are the main causes of these deaths. Birth preparedness and complication readiness plan has been globally endorsed pivotal strategy to decrease these delays. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the level of practice and factors associated with practice of birth preparedness plan among pregnant women. Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was done among 356 pregnant women selected by simple random sampling technique from July 1-30/2017 in Debretabor town. We selected samples by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using interview administered questionnaire. Then, we coded, cleaned and entered data through Epidata version 3.1. Finally, exported and analyzed by SPSS. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify association between explanatory variables and practice of birth preparedness and complication plan. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and p-value less than 0.05 was computed to determine the level of significance in multi-variable logistic regression model.Results: Prevalence of birth preparedness and complication readiness plan was 73.9% in this study. primary education status (AOR=3.2,95%CI,1.3-7.8) and secondary educational status (AOR=4.1,95%CI,1.6-10.3), Primigravida (AOR=4.7,95%CI,1.9-11.3), partner involvement in birth preparedness and complication readiness plan (AOR=3.4,95%CI,1.9-6.1), initiating antenatal care in first trimester and media exposure (AOR=1.9,95%CI,1.0-3.3) were significantly associated factors with birth preparedness and complication readiness plan in this study. Conclusions: Level of practice of birth preparedness and complication readiness plan was high in the current study. Higher education status, early ante-natal care initiation, partner involvement in birth preparedness and exposure to media were the factors associated with practice of birth preparedness and complication readiness. Therefore, emphasize on continues education through media, design educational curriculum which should include birth preparedness plan, increase partner participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness plan. Furthermore, early initiation of antenatal care is mandatory.

scholarly journals Factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women in Vietnam: A multisite cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510292091407
Author(s):  
Mai Thi Hue ◽  
Nguyen Hang Nguyet Van ◽  
Phung Phuong Nha ◽  
Ngo Tuan Vu ◽  
Pham Minh Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Status ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to describe the status of antenatal depression and its associated factors among pregnant women in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four obstetric hospitals in Vietnam from January to September 2019. A total of 1260 pregnant women were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A Tobit regression model was used to determine factors associated with antenatal depression. Results showed that pregnant women were at high risk of antenatal depression (24.5%). Women with fetus abnormalities and higher education were at higher risk of antenatal depression. We highlighted the need for implementing formal screening programs to early detect antenatal depression.

scholarly journals Inadequate intakes of dietary zinc among pregnant women from subsistence households in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yewelsew Abebe ◽  
Alemtsehay Bogale ◽  
K Michael Hambidge ◽  
Barbara J Stoecker ◽  
Isabel Arbide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of zinc inadequacy based on dietary intakes and plasma zinc concentrations and, simultaneously, the prevalence of inadequate intakes of energy, protein, calcium and iron.DesignA cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of subsistence farming households in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia.SubjectsDietary intakes were calculated from 1-day weighed food records and 40 repeats from 99 pregnant women in the third trimester using analysed values of major staple foods for zinc, iron, calcium and phytate. The distribution of observed intakes was adjusted for usual intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cutpoint method. Prevalence of inadequacy for zinc, protein and iron intakes were compared with those based on biochemical measures.ResultsPrevalence of zinc inadequacy was very high: 99% for US FNB EAR and 100% for IZiNCG EAR compared to 72% based on low plasma zinc concentrations. Corresponding prevalence estimates for iron were much lower: 4% for inadequate intakes based on US FNB EAR vs. 8.7% for iron deficiency anaemia (haemoglobin < 110 g l−1; ferritin < 12 μg l−1) and 32.3% for low storage iron. Prevalence of inadequacy for protein was 100% for adjusted intakes and 91% for serum albumin < 32 g l−1. For calcium, 74% were at risk for inadequate intakes.ConclusionThe high prevalence of inadequate intakes of zinc and protein was reasonably consistent with those based on biochemical measures. Such dietary deficits could be overcome by regular consumption of cellular animal protein. In contrast, both dietary and biochemical measures of iron inadequacy were low.

Syphilis and HIV Infection among Displaced Pregnant Women in Rural Mozambique

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Cossa ◽  
S Gloyd ◽  
R G Vaz ◽  
E Folgosa ◽  
E Simbine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Seroprevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of

A cross-sectional study was conducted among displaced pregnant women in Mozambique to determine the prevalence and correlates of HIV infection and syphilis. Between September 1992 and February 1993, 1728 consecutive antenatal attendees of 14 rural clinics in Zambézia were interviewed, examined, and tested for HIV and syphilis antibodies. The seroprevalence of syphilis and HIV were 12.2% and 2.9%, respectively. Reported sexual abuse was frequent (8.4%) but sex for money was uncommon. A positive MHA-TP result was significantly associated with unmarried status, history of past STD, HIV infection, and current genital ulcers, vaginal discharge, or genital warts. Significant correlates of HIV seropositivity included anal intercourse, history of past STD, and syphilis. In summary, displaced pregnant women had a high prevalence of syphilis but a relatively low HIV seroprevalence suggesting recent introduction of HIV infection in this area or slow spread of the epidemic. A syphilils screening and treatment programme is warranted to prevent perinatal transmission and to reduce the incidence of chancres as a cofactor for HIV transmission.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua terhadap status imunisasi anak di Bantul

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Titik Mariati ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Mohammad Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Immunization ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Status

Knowledge and attitudes of parents about child immunization status in BantulPurposeThe purpose of this paper was to determine the relationship of knowledge, and parental attitudes with the status of child immunization in the working area of Puskesmas Banguntapan II Bantul Yogyakarta.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving the mothers of 0-12 months old children in the working area of Banguntapan II Bantul Yogyakarta Primary Health Care. Simple random sampling was used.ResultsThe results showed that there was a significant attitude relationship with the immunization status of their children with high category as much as 86.9%. These results showed that as much as 86.9% immunization status of children are not complete. The OR value of knowledge was 0.7 with a CI value of 0.15 to 4.04. This model shows that the knowledge of respondents with parental attitudes is meaningful both statistically and practically.ConclusionThis study contributes to the knowledge that there is a significant relationship between parental attitudes with child immunization status in the working area of Banguntapan II Bantul Yogyakarta Primary Health Care.

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