scholarly journals Clinical profile of ocular surface tumours at a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2616
Author(s):  
Anju Kochar ◽  
Arif Khan ◽  
Nabab Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Conjunctival Lesion

Background: Corneal and conjunctival squamous lesions are uncommon but important because of their potential for causing ocular and even systemic morbidity and mortality. The ocular surface tumors can be congenital or acquired and show a broad spectrum ranging from non-neoplastic benign tumours and others demonstrate premalignant or malignant tumours such as Squamous cell carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma or Kaposi Sarcoma. The types and frequency of conjunctival tumours differ with demographic features such as age and race, systemic immune status, and chronic exposures, along with specific location within the conjunctiva. Objectives of this study was to study ocular surface neoplasm in terms of demographics, histopathological and clinical presentation.Methods: This histopathological, prospective biopsy specimen series comprised of 107 patients of either sex and all age groups presenting with conjunctival lesion either benign or malignant. The study was carried out from December, 2017 to December, 2019 in the Department of Ophthalmology, S. P. Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner in collaboration with Pathology Department. All enrolled cases of conjunctival lesion were screened by consecutive sampling after obtaining written consent.Results: 39.25% patients had nevus followed by ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) (20.56 %). Various ocular surface neoplasia with respect to mean age, age group, occupation was statistically highly significant (p<0.05) whereas gender was statistically non-significant. On histopathological examination most common benign ocular surface neoplasia was nevus and most common malignant tumor was ocular squamous surface neoplasia (OSSN).Conclusions: A large variety of conjunctival lesions may appear in the eye with variable presentation, most common benign ocular surface neoplasia was nevus and most common malignant tumor was ocular squamous surface neoplasia. 

Histopathological Study of Lesions of the Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Nasopharynx in a Tertiary Care Centre, Visakhapatnam over a Period of 2 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 3054-3059
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad Jagannadham ◽  
Lakshmi Latchupatula ◽  
Sravani Ponnada ◽  
Neelima Lalam ◽  
Raghunadhababu Gudipudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance

BACKGROUND A variety of non - neoplastic and neoplastic conditions involve the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx and these are very common lesions encountered in clinical practice. Histopathological examination of these lesions is the gold standard for diagnosis because management and prognosis vary among different lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological study of the lesions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in relation to their incidence, age, gender and site wise distribution and to compare the results with the available data. METHODS A study of 88 cases was conducted for a period of 2 years from August 2017 to July 2019. After fixation, Processing and Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and special stains histopathological diagnosis was made. RESULTS Among 88 total cases, 58 were males and 30 were females. A male predominance was observed with a male to female ratio of 1.93 : 1. They were more common in third, fourth and fifth decade of life. Malignant nasal lesions were seen after fourth decade of life. Nasal lesions were more common in nasal cavity (67.05 %), followed by paranasal sinuses (18.18 %) and nasopharynx (14.75). Out of 88 total cases, 39 (44.32 %) were non - neoplastic, 30 (34.09 %) were benign and 19 (21.59 %) were malignant nasal lesions. CONCLUSIONS Sinonasal lesions and nasopharyngeal lesions can have various differential diagnoses. A complete clinical, radiological and histopathological correlation helps to categorize these sinonasal lesions into various non - neoplastic and neoplastic types. But histopathological examination remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis. KEYWORDS Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Nasopharynx, Benign Tumours, Malignant Tumours, Histopathological Examination

scholarly journals Clinico-Pathological Study of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in a Tertiary Care Centre of Western Region of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Sushila Patel ◽  
Binita Bhattarai Pokharel ◽  
Anita Shah ◽  
Manita Sunam Goda ◽  
Saraswati Khadka Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Wide Range

INTRODUCTION: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) consists of a wide range of conjunctival and corneal lesions ranging from dysplastic lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. In recent times, the incidence of OSSN seems to be on the rise, especially in developing countries. The present study was aimed to analyse demographic pattern, clinical characteristics, and histopathology findings of OSSN in a tertiary care centre of western region of Nepal.  MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study. We analyzed 94 cases of OSSN who presented to cornea department of Lumbini Eye Institute, Bhairahawa, Nepal over a period 1.5 years from 1st July 2017 to 31st December 2018. All the patients with OSSN, detailed clinical history and examination were recorded. Lesions were excised with a 3 mm margin clearance and sent for histopathological examination.  RESULTS: Mean age of our patients with OSSN was 48.89±17.955 years ranging from 17 to 85 years. There were 52 (55.32%) male and 42 (44.68%) female. Mean duration of presentation was 6.34±6.17 months. A solitary nodule at the limbus was the commonest presentation. Right eyes were involved more than left eyes. Lesions were found most commonly on temporal site 52 (55.32%) followed by nasal 36 (38.30%). On histopathological examination benign lesions were found in 31 (32.98%) eyes, preinvasive lesion in 50 (53.19%) eyes and invasive lesions in 13 (13.83%) eyes.  CONCLUSION: OSSN were seen more commonly in young adults with male predominance. Benign and pre invasive lesions are found more commonly than invasive lesions.

scholarly journals Peripheral lymphadenopathy and FNA: a two-year evaluation at a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Jiby Soosen Ninan ◽  
De Souza Johanna Alba ◽  
Thoppil Reba Philipose
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: Lymphadenopathy is an age old affliction of mankind and a very common presentation in clinical practice. The main purpose of an FNA biopsy of abnormal peripheral lymph nodes is to determine whether further surgical excision of the lymph node is indicated for histopathological examination. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in patients with superficial lymphadenopathy and to correlate with histopathology wherever possible.Methods: A two-year study was undertaken at the Central Diagnostic Laboratory at A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. Patients of all age groups referred to the Central Diagnostic Laboratory for FNA of superficial lymph nodes were included in the study. All the slides of the cases were reviewed and impression recorded.Results: Out of 200 cases, 73% were non neoplastic, 27% were neoplastic. Cases occurred most commonly in age group of 21-30 years. The male to female ratio was 1.7:1 and most common site of lymph node aspiration was cervical lymph node in (n =107) 53.5% cases. Reactive hyperplasia was the most common non- neoplastic cause of lymphadenopathy seen in 34.5% cases and metastasis to lymph node was the most common cause of neoplastic lymphadenopathy seen in 22% of the cases. The sensitivity was 90%, specificity was 100% and accuracy was 96.2%.Conclusions: FNA is a very efficient, simple, safe, inexpensive and economical test for detecting the various causes of lymphadenopathy.

A Study on Prevalence of Ocular Injuries among Workmen of Welding, Grinding and Polishing, Attending the Out Patient Department and Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
Lipika Panda ◽  
Prafulla Chandra Mahapatra ◽  
Kamala Kanta Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Ocular Injuries

BACKGROUND We wanted to estimate the incidence and prevalence of ocular injuries among occupational workers in welding and grinding industry treated in a tertiary care hospital, determine the major types of ocular morbidities in welding and grinding workers and identify the vulnerable age groups suffering from ocular injuries due to welding and grinding. METHODS This hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out among 712 patients having ocular injuries only for occupational workers doing welding, grinding or polishing work. The study period was from 01 / 01 / 2018 to 30 / 06 / 2018. The study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital. All patients were assessed for demographic distribution, detailed ocular evaluation and a questionnaire related to awareness about the injuries and safety measures taken during the work. RESULTS During the period of study, 712 patients who had ocular injuries due to welding and grinding work were included in the study. The mean age was 33.87 years with a standard deviation (SD) of 9.86. There were no female workers who reported such injuries. Most injuries were corneal foreign body (63.90 %), conjunctival foreign body (2.81 %), conjunctivitis due to fumes (11.94 %), laceration (8.71 %) and keratoconjunctivitis (12.64 %). CONCLUSIONS To complement standard epidemiological research, the narrative accident text offers useful evidence. Staff conducting a welding job or working with local welders should be qualified to recognise possible dangers and appropriate protective equipment should be used to prevent eye injury. KEYWORDS Ocular Injuries, Welding & Grinding Work, Risk Factor for Eye Injuries

scholarly journals Role of Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulins (TSI) in Early Diagnosis of Patients with Euthyroid Grave’s Ophthalmopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Idris ◽  
Muhammad Zubair Umer ◽  
Eemaz Nathaniel ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Zar
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

OBJECTIVE: to determine the role of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) in early diagnosis of patients with euthyroid grave’s ophthalmopathy visiting Oculoplastic service of a tertiary care centre        Study design: cross sectional descriptive study  Place and Duration of Study: Oculoplastic service, out patient department of ophthalmology, -------from August 2015 to August 2016. Methodology: ninety patients of both the genders with euthyroid Greave`s Ophthalmopathy at any stage of severity of the disease by non-probability purposive sampling technique. One-way ANOVA test was also done for TSI with Age groups and Gender. RESULTS: Among 90 patients, Females were more than males, 68.9% and 31.1% respectively. 4 age groups were made in which age group of 41 – 55 years patients were more (37.8%) and after that was patients of more than 56 years of age (32.2%). 84% had their thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) test positive. Cross tabulation was performed for TSI with Gender. 84.4% of the males and females had their TSI positive with females having more tests positive than males, 55.6% and 28.9% respectively with a p value of 0.139.  CONCLUSION: TSI is positive in majority of female Euthroid Graves ophthalmopathy patients visiting Oculoplastics clinics in age having 41 – 55 years. The association of TSI with gender showed higher significance than age. Early diagnosis with the help of TSI without any expensive investigations even when other thyroid function tests are normal can prevent complications especially ophthalmopathy by timely referral to endocrinologist.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Unilateral Proptosis in a Tertiary Care Centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dsouza ◽  
Pooja Kandula ◽  
Gurudutt Kamath ◽  
Manjunath Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Unilateral Proptosis ◽  
Common Manifestation

Proptosis, the forward protrusion of the eyeball, is a common manifestation of a wide variety of diseases inside the orbit and its spaces. Its diagnosis is usually a combined effort of the ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, neurosurgeon, and radiologist. A clinical study of twenty-five cases with unilateral proptosis were studied in different age groups over a period of about 3 years under different headings like distribution, clinical features, radiological features, histopathological aspects, management, and outcomes of diseases. Proptosis measurement was done by simple/plastic ruler exophthalmometry, and diagnosis was made after a detailed clinical examination and ancillary tests. Treatment modality was decided based on radiological and histopathological examination reports, which included medical surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy or a combination of all. In our study, most of the patients were in the age group of more than 60 years. The M : F ratio is 3 : 1. One case had a large proptosis of 18 mm above normal and 2 cases were as small as 3 mm. Diagnosis was mainly done by clinical features and confirmed by radiological and histopathological features. Most of them were treated medically (13 cases, i.e., 52%) and the rest by surgery with a combination of radiotherapy/chemotherapy (12 cases, i.e., 48%).

A prospective observational study on the effectiveness of risk of malignancy index score (RMI 3) in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Apurba Mandal ◽  
Shibram Chattopadhyay ◽  
Sushanta Mondal ◽  
Arunava Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Background: Adnexal mass is a common presentation in today’s gynecological practice. The incidence of ovarian cancer is increasing day by day and diagnosis is often difficult to be made pre operatively with inadequate surgical exploration is a regular occurrence. Aims and Objectives: To assess and validate the importance of RMI-3 score as pre-operative diagnostic tool of differentiating benign from malignant adnexal mass for starting first line therapy of ovarian cancer and to find out the incidences of ovarian malignancy among study population. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics on (n=115) patients attending GOPD and indoor with adnexal mass fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria using purposive sampling technique. All the selected cases underwent ultrasonography and serum CA- 125 level estimation necessary for calculating RMI score. A score of >200 was taken as suggestive of malignancy and confirmatory diagnosis was performed by histopathological examination obtained from staging laparotomy of adnexal mass. The individual scores were then correlated with final outcomes with statistical analyses. Results: The study revealed benign ovarian tumors are more under 50 years (78.46%) and patients with normal BMI are diagnosed with maximum of malignancy (n = 28). History of tubal ligation carried less risk of malignancy (p<0.0001). Histologically malignant tumors found mostly in 71.4% postmenopausal group whereas 94.1% benign pathology were present in perimenopausal group and there is no association found between parity and histopathology (p=0.058). Bilateral (p=0.013), multilocular (p=0.000) tumors with solid areas (p<0.0001) and thick papillary projections (p<0.0001) had statistically significant association with malignant lesions. RMI score (>200) had more efficacy than serum CA-125 level (>46) in differentiating malignant lesions from benign one in terms of specificity (96% vs 83.87%) and positive predictive value (95% vs 79.17%). Conclusions: RMI-3 score is a simple, reliable and effective tool in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses thereby help in quick referral and management of cases with increase chances of survival of the patients.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Anita Sanker ◽  
G Nandakumar ◽  
Swapna Balkrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Epidermal Atrophy ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

scholarly journals Correlation of clinical and ultrasonographic features with histopathology in post-menopausal bleeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2817
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Vempalli ◽  
Lopamudra B. John ◽  
G. Chandana
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding is generally regarded as an ominous alarm of genital pathologies which requires a thorough evaluation clinically and pathologically to exclude carcinoma as the cause and ensure a benign pathology. This study aims at finding out whether clinical diagnosis and ultrasonographic features can be reliable parameters for the diagnosis of causes and whether the findings correspond with histopathology reports.Methods: This observational study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in Pondicherry between January 2018 to August 2019. 114 women were enrolled for whom detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. All the patients were subjected to transvaginal ultrasonography. Patients with clinically visible lesions on cervix and vulva were subjected to biopsy and the rest underwent fractional curettage and the sample was sent for histopathological examination. Finally, histopathology report was compared with clinical and ultrasonographic findings.Results: With endometrial thickness cut off of 4 mm, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in predicting malignancy by ultrasonography were 100%, 12.3%, 4.5% and 100%. Histopathology showed atrophic endometrium (43.8%), endometrial hyperplasia (8%), endometrial polyp (7.9%) and endometrial carcinoma (3%). Clinical and ultrasonographic findings did not show any statistical correlation with histopathology.Conclusions: Authors conclude that clinical findings and ultrasonographic features do not correlate with histopathology in cases of postmenopausal bleeding for which atrophic endometrium was the commonest etiology. However, ultrasound should be done routinely before endometrial sampling as the sensitivity for predicting malignancy was 100% for endometrial thickness cut off of 4 mm.

scholarly journals Histopathological Scenario of Testicular Lesions with Few Uncommon Entities – 3 Years Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 467-470
Author(s):  
Padma Madana ◽  
Vijayasree Mandava ◽  
Neelima Govada ◽  
Padmavathi Devi Chaganti ◽  
Zafrul Haque Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Splenogonadal Fusion ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions

BACKGROUND The incidence of testicular malignancy has been increasing in men, orchidectomy is necessary for the removal of neoplastic lesions or in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions resistant to treatment. We wanted to evaluate the various histopathological patterns of lesions in testis. METHODS A retrospective study of 86 orchidectomy specimens over a period of three years with age wise distribution from March 2017 to February 2020 was done in the Department of Pathology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur. Histopathological slides stained with haematoxylin and eosin were retrieved and reviewed. Immunohistochemistry was done in two cases. RESULTS Of the 86 cases, 78 (90.7 %) cases were non neoplastic and 8 (9.3 %) cases were neoplastic. Youngest age in non-neoplastic group was four days and in neoplastic group was 18 years. The oldest age was 82 years in the non-neoplastic lesions and 60 years in the neoplastic lesions. Non neoplastic lesions were common in the 3 rd decade. In malignant lesions, highest number of cases was seen in the 6 th decade and equal distribution was observed in 3rd and 5th decade. Unilateral involvement was common than bilateral involvement. Out of all non-neoplastic lesions, undescended testis 20 (25.64 %) cases was the common finding followed by non-specific epididymo orchitis 19 (24.36 %) cases, abscess 14 (17.95 %) cases, torsion infarction 13 (16.67 %) cases, Leydig cell hyperplasia 4 (5.13 %) cases, 3 (3.85 %) cases each of tuberculous epididymo orchitis and granulomatous epididymo orchitis. 1 (1.28 %) case each of rare entities like vanishing testis and splenogonadal fusion were also found. Among the neoplastic lesions, all 8 cases were malignant tumours. Out of these malignant tumours, mixed germ cell tumours were seen in 3 (37.5 %) cases followed by seminomas 2 (25 %) cases, post pubertal teratoma 1 (12.5 %) case, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) 1 (12.5 %) case and primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) 1 (12.5 %) case. CONCLUSIONS Histopathological examination on routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections primarily differentiate non neoplastic lesions from neoplastic group and benign tumours from malignant tumours as the treatment modality varies. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is useful in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated small round cell tumours. KEYWORDS Orchidectomy Specimens, Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Lesions

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