scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of antenatal women attending tertiary care hospital regarding breastfeeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5983
Author(s):  
Aaliya Siddiqui ◽  
Pallavi S. Uthkarsh
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Expressed Breast Milk ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Natural Way

Background: Breastfeeding is the most natural way of infant feeding to satisfy nutritional, metabolic and psychological needs of the baby. Breastfeeding significantly reduces the risk of death especially from diarrhoea and pneumonia in infants as compared to formula fed babies. Breastfeeding has advantage to both the baby and the mother. Early initiation of breastfeeding lowers the mother’s risk of postpartum haemorrhage and anaemia, boosts mother’s immune system and reduces the incidence of diabetes and cancer.Methods: All women attending Jayanagar General Hospital for ante-natal checkups during study period were interviewed personally by an investigator after obtaining an informed consent. Data regarding socio-demographic details and data on knowledge, attitude of breastfeeding were collected by using a pre-tested semi- structured questionnaire.Results: The sample of the present study comprised of 204 antenatal women of whom 89.7% belonged to age group less than or equal to 30 years. Majorities 73.5% of them were Muslims .Most of the participants 87.7% were unemployed. Almost 72.54% of the participants were multipara. Almost 42.2% of the participants were of the opinion that the duration of breastfeeding is 2 years or more. 65.7% of the participants stated that complementary feeding should be started after 6 months. Knowledge about technique of expressed breast milk was poor.Conclusions: Multiparous women have better knowledge than primipara regarding breastfeeding. Socio demographic characteristics such as age, parity found to be significantly associated with knowledge. There is a need for counselling primi antenatal women regarding breastfeeding associated with knowledge. There is a need for counselling primi antenatal women regarding breastfeeding. 

scholarly journals Predictors of mortality in adult patients with dengue: a study from South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudeva Acharya ◽  
Mohammed Fahad Khan ◽  
Srinivas Kosuru ◽  
Sneha Mallya
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Prolonged Prothrombin Time ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Dengue is one of the important causes of acute febrile illnesses in India. Dengue can be a fatal disease, however there are no reliable markers which can predict mortality among these patients.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was done in patients who were admitted to a tertiary care hospital with features of dengue fever. A total of 364 patients with IgM dengue serology positive were included in the study. Relevant clinical and laboratory parameters were collected from all patients. Association between clinico-laboratory parameters with mortality was studied using appropriate statistical methods.Results: Among the 364 patients recruited in this study, 14 (3.85%) patients died. Mortality among patients with age group 18-40 years was 2.04%, in patients aged above 40 years was 7.56%. Mortality among patients with hypotension was 42.42% (14 out of 33), bleeding manifestations was 15.38% (8/52), platelets <20,000/mm3 was 10.41% (10/96), ALT >200 was 13.04% (6/46), AST>200 was 12.34% (10/81), prolonged prothrombin time was 60%(12/20), renal failure was 28%(14/50), encephalopathy was 31.57% (6/19), multi organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS) was 43.33% (13/30), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was 45.45% (5/11), pleural effusion was 7.5% (6/80).Conclusions: The overall mortality in the present study was 3.85%. Following variables were associated with increased risk of death among the dengue patients: Age >40 years, presence of hypotension, platelets <20000 cells/mm3, ALT>200U/L, AST>200U/L, prolonged prothrombin time, presence of renal failure, encephalopathy, MODS, ARDS and bleeding tendency (p value <0.05). Early identification of factors associated with mortality can help to make appropriate decision on care required.

Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening in Women attending Obstetrics and Gynaecological Opd at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059
Author(s):  
Raj Deb Mahato ◽  
Amit Deo ◽  
Hanoon Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common Gynaecological cancer in Nepal which is preventable if appropriate screening and prevention measures are employed. Considerable reduction in cervical cancer incidence and cervical cancer related deaths can be achieved by effective screening. However, lack of knowledge and awareness can result in underutilization of the preventive measures.  Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer screening in women visiting Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at tertiary care Hospital in Eastern Nepal.  Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. Women were enrolled in the study by convenient sampling methods. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The collected data was entered in Microsoft excel and analyzed by using SPSS version 22.  Results: Among 374 participants, the mean age was 31.13 years. More than three fourth (89.6%) of participants were literate. Regarding occupation, 89.8% of participants were housewives, and 82.9 % of participants were married. As per the findings, only 43.27 % of participants i.e. less than the mean, had adequate knowledge of cervical cancer and its screening. 65.50 % of participants had a negative attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Literate participants had good knowledge and positive attitude regarding cervical cancer screening than illiterate participants (P value less than 0.05).  Conclusion Considerable proportions of participants had inadequate knowledge and negative attitude regarding cervical cancer screening in Gynaecological patients visiting tertiary care Hospital in Eastern Nepal.

scholarly journals Prolonged empirical antibiotic therapy is correlated with bloodstream infections and increased mortality in a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia: bacteriology testing matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makeda Semret ◽  
Workeabeba Abebe ◽  
Ling Yuan Kong ◽  
Tinsae Alemayehu ◽  
Temesgen Beyene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Empirical Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Days Of Therapy

Abstract Background Hospital-associated infection (HAI) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are major health threats in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Because diagnostic capacity is lacking throughout most of Africa, patients are commonly managed with prolonged empirical antibiotic therapy. Our goal was to assess mortality in relation to HAI and empirical therapy in Ethiopia’s largest referral hospital. Methods Cohort study of patients with suspected HAI at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from October 2016 to October 2018. Blood culture testing was performed on an automated platform. Primary outcomes were proportion of patients with bloodstream infection (BSI), antibiotic resistance patterns and 14 day mortality. We also assessed days of therapy (DOT) pre- and post-blood culture testing. Results Of 978 enrolled patients, 777 had blood culture testing; 237 (30%) had a BSI. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated in 49%; 81% of these were cephalosporin resistant and 23% were also carbapenem resistant. Mortality at 14 days was 31% and 21% in those with and without BSI, respectively. Ceftriaxone resistance was strongly correlated with mortality. Patients with BSI had longer DOT pre-blood culture testing compared with those without BSI (median DOT 12 versus 3 days, respectively, P &lt; 0.0001). After testing, DOT were comparable between the two groups (20 versus 18 days, respectively). Conclusions BSI are frequent and fatal among patients with suspected HAI in Ethiopia. Highly resistant blood isolates are alarmingly common. This study provides evidence that investing in systematic blood culture testing in LMICs identifies patients at highest risk of death and that empirical management is frequently inappropriate. Major investments in laboratory development are critical to achieve better outcomes.

scholarly journals Awareness, Practice, Knowledge and Attitude toward the COVID-19 among Antenatal Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 228-234
Author(s):  
Fahmida Parveen ◽  
Samia Aijaz ◽  
Sakeena Ahmed Memon ◽  
Hina Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Practice Knowledge

Objective: To determine the awareness, practice, knowledge and attitude toward the Covid 19 among antenatal patients at tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This was a cross sectional survey which was conducted at Gynae and obstetrics department at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. Study duration was six months from March 2020 to August 2020. All the pregnant women visited antenatal clinic age 18 to 40 years and either of parity were included. All the pregnant females were interviewed by using a questioner regarding awareness, attitude and practice toward the Covid19 after taking informed consent. All the data was recorded via study proforma. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: Total 173 pregnant women were interview regarding COVID-19, their mean age was 29.34+13.12 years. Most of the women were presented with age between 18 to 37 years. 70.5% were multigravida and majority of women were uneducated. Mostly women 75.1% had heard regarding. 72.8% women said, they should stay at home and 25.4% said should wear the face mask, while 38.7% said the women should inform the health care provider in advance before visit to Hospital if developed any symptom. Most of the women had good knowledge and attitude, while preventive practice was found to be unsatisfactory. Conclusion: knowledge and awareness were found to adequate; while preventive practice has been observed unsatisfactory among pregnant women during antenatal clinic. Clinicians should provide appropriate counseling to reassure and elucidate doubts of pregnancy females regarding COVID-19 during antenatal visits.

scholarly journals Patient characteristics and cardiac surgical outcomes at a tertiary care hospital in Kenya, 2008–2017: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11191
Author(s):  
Tamara Chavez-Lindell ◽  
Bob Kikwe ◽  
Anthony Gikonyo ◽  
Agricola Odoi
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Complications ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Risk Of Death

Background Cardiac surgeries are high risk procedures that require specialized care and access to these procedures is often limited in resource-poor countries. Although fatalities for surgical patients across Africa are twice that of the global rate, cardiac surgical mortality continent-wide is only slightly higher than all-surgical mortality. Understanding demographic and health characteristics of patients and the associations of these characteristics with morbidity and mortality events is important in guiding care decisions. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: (a) describe the characteristics of cardiac surgical patients; (b) identify the associations between these characteristics and morbidity and mortality events following cardiac surgery. Methods Patient characteristics and post-surgical complications were abstracted for all cardiac surgical patients treated at a tertiary care hospital in Kenya from 2008 to 2017. Descriptive analyses of demographic factors, co-morbidities, peri-operative conditions, and post-surgical complications were conducted for adult and pediatric patients. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to assess temporal trends in risk of death. Multivariable ordinary logistic and Firth logistic models were used to investigate predictors of surgical outcomes. Results The study included a total of 181 patients (150 adult and 31 pediatric patients). Most (91.3%) adult patients had acquired conditions while 45.2% of the pediatric patients had congenital defects. Adult patients tended to have co-morbid conditions including hypertension (16.7%), diabetes mellitus (7.3%), and nephropathy (6.7%). Most patients (76.0% adults and 96.8% pediatric patients) underwent ≤ 2 surgical procedures during their hospital stay. Seventy percent of adult and 54.8% of the pediatric patients experienced at least one post-surgical complication including mediastinal hemorrhage, acute kidney injury and death. Patient characteristics played the greatest roles in predicting post-surgical complications. For adult patients, significant predictors of acute kidney injury included atrial fibrillation (OR = 18.25; p = .001), mitral valve replacement (OR = 0.14; p = .019), and use of cardiopulmonary bypass (OR = 0.06; p = .002). Significant predictors of 30-day mortality were age (OR = 1.05; p = .015) and atrial fibrillation (OR = 4.12, p = .018). Although the number of surgeries increased over the decade-long study period, there were no significant (p = .467) temporal trends in the risk of death. Conclusions Awareness of demographic and peri-surgical factors that are predictors of complications is useful in guiding clinical decisions to reduce morbidity and mortality. Identification of co-morbidities as the most useful predictors of post-surgical complications suggests that patient characteristics may be a larger contributor to the incidence of complications than surgical practices.

scholarly journals P1342OUTCOME OF ELDERLY PATIENTS AFTER PREDIALYSIS VASCULAR ACCESS CREATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Sanjay Bhat ◽  
Alok Srivastava ◽  
Nisar Ahmad ◽  
Priyanka Rai ◽  
R P Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Primary Patency ◽  
Dialysis Initiation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
One Year ◽  
Dialysis Outcomes

Abstract Background and Aims Guidelines to create vascular access for elderly patients is guided by a number of factors i.e. competing risk of death, high rate of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation failure, and poor vascular access outcomes, influencing the outcomes in this population . Does early creation of AVF in elderly patients with advanced CKD influence dialysis outcomes needs evaluation. Method We conducted a retrospective study among elderly (&gt; 65 years ) who chose to create a permanent vascular access before dialysis initiation were identified between Jan 2014-Jan 2017 in Tertiary care hospital, Lucknow and assessed in 43 elderly patients (aged ≥65 years) with CKD undergoing predialysis AVF . Results They were observed for the frequencies of dialysis initiation, death before dialysis initiation, and dialysis-free survival for 2 years after vascular access creation. 45.6 % were diabetic, 78.9% were hypertensive, and 14.2 % had peripheral vascular disease. In all, 67% of patients with predialysis AVF initiated dialysis within 1 years of access placement, but the overall risk of dialysis initiation was modified by patient age. Only one half of patients initiated dialysis with a functioning AVF, 47.9% of AVFs were created &lt;90 days before dialysis initiation. The primary patency rates were 42.7% at one year and 37.8 % at 2 years. Catheter dependence at dialysis initiation was more common in patients receiving predialysis AVF. In conclusion, most elderly patients with advanced CKD who received predialysis vascular access creation initiated dialysis within 1 year. As a consequence of late predialysis placement or maturation failure, almost one half of patients receiving AVFs initiated dialysis with a catheter. Conclusion Insertion of an AVF closer to dialysis initiation may serve as a “catheter-sparing” approach and allow delay of permanent access placement in selected elderly patients with CKD.

scholarly journals Sex Knowledge and Attitude Among Medical Interns in a Tertiary Care Hospital Attached to Medical College in Ahmedabad, Gujarat

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvi G. Kacha ◽  
Bhaveshkumar M. Lakdawala
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Liberal Attitude ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Sex Knowledge

Introduction: Sexuality is one of the most basic human experiences. But in India, there are many myths and misconceptions about sexuality. Poor sex knowledge causes many of these problems. Liberal attitude without adequate knowledge is harmful. As a future frontier of health care, medical interns play an important role to improve knowledge and attitude. But, in India, very few students can communicate about sexuality, and friends and pornographic materials remain as common sources of sex knowledge, which are unreliable. Aims: To asses sex knowledge and attitude among medical interns and find its correlation with sociodemographic details. Materials and Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 interns using a Sex Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire II (SKAQ II). Data was analyzed by MS Excel for Windows. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of interns was 22 ± 0.89 yrs. Mean score of sex knowledge of males was 25.47 ± 4.44, whereas that of females was 24.88 ± 4.77. Females had more knowledge of menstrual cycle and conception. Males had better knowledge regarding sexual acts in adolescence and its effects on marriage life. Sex knowledge and attitude were moderately correlated. Males had a liberal attitude, especially about abortion and masturbation. Conclusion: The result revealed a need to improve sex knowledge and attitude among medical interns through sex education and adding sex education sessions in the teaching curriculum. Better knowledge and positive attitudes toward sex will be beneficial to the interns and the whole society.

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