scholarly journals Pramoxine containing topical formulation of eberconazole in the management of dermatophytosis in India: a consensus statement

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Uday Khopkar ◽  
Shyamanta Barua ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Rathi ◽  
A. N. Tiwari ◽  
Balakrishna Nikam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

<p>Dermatophytosis, a superficial fungal infection has attained significant extents among Indian population. Its clinical presentation is diverse, often in terms of morphology, severity type and involvement of all age groups. Management of dermatophytosis has become an important public health issue in India. Cases of steroid modified dermatophytosis are being encountered frequently, mostly caused due to the inadvertent use of steroid in combination with topical antifungal agents. This combination is available over the counter and is often used for the management of inflammation and pruritis associated with the disease. Current treatment recommendations must be reviewed as per the current clinical scenario of the disease. Thus, a topical formulation of an anti-itch agent like pramoxine and antifungal agent with an anti-inflammatory property like eberconazole holds a promising treatment approach for dermatophytosis. This article focuses on the challenges encountered in the management of dermatophytosis and strategies for optimizing treatment for better patient outcomes. An expert’s panel discussion was conducted involving fifteen dermatologists all over India, during which modified Delphi method was executed for a set of nine statements. Agreement of more than 75% was set to reach the consensus. This consensus document was developed to review the available evidence and make recommendation based on the expert group’s opinion for the use of pramoxine containing topical formulation of eberconazole, as it provides the benefit of having an anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic activity in a single formulation, where pramoxine can be utilised as an excipient to combat pruritis associated with dermatophytosis.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Secular Trends of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity in Children and Adolescents from Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3302
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dereń ◽  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Serhiy Nyankovskyy ◽  
Olena Nyankovska ◽  
Marta Yatsula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Obesity In Children

Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight in children and adolescents, pose a significant public health issue. This study aimed to investigate the secular trend of the incidence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in children from Ukraine in 2013/2014 and 2018/2019. The studies were conducted in randomly selected primary and secondary schools in Ukraine. In total, 13,447 children (6468 boys and 6979 girls) participated in the study in 2013/2014 and 18,144 children (8717 boys and 9427 girls) participated in 2018/2019. Measurements of body weight and height were performed in triplicate. Underweight, overweight, and obesity were diagnosed according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). In the group of girls, a significant difference between 2013/2014 and 2018/2019 measurements was found only among 7-year-olds. The percentage of girls at this age exceeding the body mass index (BMI) norm was lower in the 2018/2019 study. In boys, a significant difference was also found in 7-year-olds, and, as in girls, a lower share of overweight and obesity was found in 2018/2019. But for the ages of 12, 13, and 15, the significant differences had a different character—more overweight or obese boys were found in the 2018/2019 study. The proportion of underweight children was similar for the majority of age groups in both genders and did not differ in a statistically significant way.

Approach to the Management of Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Consensus Document

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Alavi ◽  
Charles Lynde ◽  
Raed Alhusayen ◽  
Marc Bourcier ◽  
Isabelle Delorme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Modified Delphi Technique ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful, debilitating, and poorly understood condition, which is suboptimally diagnosed, managed, and treated. Evidence supporting various treatment modalities is sparse. Objectives: To incorporate scientific evidence and expert opinions to develop useful guidance for the evaluation and management of patients with HS. Methods: An expert panel of Canadian dermatologists and surgeons developed statements and recommendations based on available evidence and clinical experience. The statements and recommendations were subjected to analysis and refinement by the panel, and voting was conducted using a modified Delphi technique with a prespecified cutoff agreement of 75%. Results: Ten specific statements and recommendations were accepted by the expert panel. These were grouped into 4 domains: diagnosis and assessment, treatment and management, comorbidities and a multidisciplinary approach, and education. Conclusions: These statements and recommendations will serve to increase awareness of HS and provide a framework for decisions involving diagnosis and management. Evidence suggests that antibacterial and anti–tumour necrosis factor therapies are effective in the treatment of HS. This is supported by the clinical experience of the authors. Further clinical research and the establishment of multidisciplinary management teams will continue to advance management of HS in Canada.

scholarly journals Age and Sport Intensity-Dependent Changes in Cytokines and Telomere Length in Elite Athletes

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Maha Sellami ◽  
Shamma Al-muraikhy ◽  
Hend Al-Jaber ◽  
Hadaia Al-Amri ◽  
Layla Al-Mansoori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Exercise-associated immune response plays a crucial role in the aging process. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of sport intensity on cytokine levels, oxidative stress markers and telomere length in aging elite athletes. Methods: In this study, 80 blood samples from consenting elite athletes were collected for anti-doping analysis at an anti-doping laboratory in Italy (FMSI). Participants were divided into three groups according to their sport intensity: low-intensity skills and power sports (LI, n = 18); moderate-intensity mixed soccer players (MI, n = 31); and high-intensity endurance sports (HI, n = 31). Participants were also divided into two age groups: less than 25 (n = 45) and above 25 years old (n = 35). Serum levels of 10 pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and two antioxidant enzymes were compared in age and sport intensity groups and telomere lengths were measured in their respective blood samples. Results: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was the only cytokine showing significantly higher concentration in older athletes, regardless of sport intensity. Interleukin (IL)-10 increased significantly in HI regardless of age group, whereas IL-6 concentration was higher in the older HI athletes. IL-8 showed a significant interaction with sport intensity in different age groups. Overall, significant positive correlations among levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-α were identified. The antioxidant catalase activity was positively correlated with levels of TNF-α. Telomere length increased significantly with sport intensity, especially in the younger group. Conclusion: HI had longer telomeres and higher levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting less aging in HI compared to low and moderate counterparts in association with heightened immune response. Investigation of the functional significance of these associations on the health and performance of elite athletes is warranted.

What's the Buzz? The Neuroscience and the Treatment of Tinnitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Henton ◽  
Thanos Tzounopoulos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Current State ◽  
Acquired Hearing Loss ◽  
Neurophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Tinnitus is a pervasive public health issue that affects approximately 15% of the United States population. Similar estimates have also been shown on a global scale, with similar prevalence found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The severity of tinnitus is heterogeneous, ranging from mildly bothersome to extremely disruptive. In the United States, approximately 10-20% of individuals who experience tinnitus report symptoms that severely reduce their quality of life. Due to the huge personal and societal burden, in the last twenty years a concerted effort on basic and clinical research has significantly advanced our understanding and treatment of this disorder. Yet, neither full understanding, nor cure exists. We know that tinnitus is the persistent involuntary phantom percept of internally-generated non-verbal noises and tones, which in most cases is initiated, by acquired hearing loss and maintained only when this loss is coupled with distinct neuronal changes in auditory and extra-auditory brain networks. Yet, the exact mechanisms and patterns of neural activity that are necessary and sufficient for the perceptual generation and maintenance of tinnitus remain incompletely understood. Combinations of animal model and human research will be essential in filling these gaps. Nevertheless, the existing progress in investigating the neurophysiological mechanisms has improved current treatment and highlighted novel targets for drug development and clinical trials. The aim of this review is to thoroughly discuss the current state of human and animal tinnitus research, outline current challenges, and highlight new and exciting research opportunities.

XI INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PEDIATRICS TOKYO, NOVEMBER 1965

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-518
Author(s):  
B. Vahlquist ◽  
K. Ota
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Graduate Curriculum ◽  
Pediatric Education ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Education Today ◽  
Medical Disciplines

IT HAS become usual in our congresses to have at least one topic dealing with pediatric education. Thus, at the Lisbon Congress in 1962 a group panel discussion was organized, co-sponsored by WHO, on "Preventive Pediatrics in the Under-graduate Curriculum" (Acta Paediat., Suppl. 151, 1963). At this Congress a somewhat different approach has been chosen, the session has acquired the rank of a plenary meeting, and the introductory talks will give a short presentation not only of pediatric education today, but also of future trends. "Medicine is a life-long study" is a slogan which is rightly gaining ground, and which holds true for all medical disciplines, pediatrics included. It is just as pertinent whether we deal with pediatric specialists, with general practitioners, or with district officers of health. This means that the scope of education and the general methods for learning should attract an attention which goes far beyond university circles. The first chair of pediatrics was created in 1845 in Stockholm. Today Sweden has one chair of pediatrics for every million inhabitants, roughly speaking. Still, much remains to he done. The comparatively low infant mortality figures, about 15/1,000. should not obscure the fact that much unnecessary sickness still exists among children in our country also, and that the time and interest devoted to mental behaviour problems in the younger age groups are quite inadequate. In a recent sociological study in Sweden, a number of adults were asked which qualities in the doctor they appreciated most. It is revealing that the majority gave priority to understanding and friendliness. It may well be that knowledge and skill were taken for granted, but still the result reminds us of the fact that the basic needs of human beings are not always provided by technological progress.

Nephrotic Syndrome Associated With Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use in Two Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-847
Author(s):  
Joan Robinson ◽  
Peter Malleson ◽  
David Lirenman ◽  
James Carter
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Plasma Creatinine ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Two children with nephrotic syndrome in association with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use are described, and the literature concerning this association is reviewed. NSAIDs are drugs with the potential for causing significant renal toxicity including the nephrotic syndrome, interstitial nephritis, and renal failure even in children without obvious preceding renal disease. Children prescribed such drugs should be regularly monitored with urinalyses and plasma creatinine estimations. The possibility of toxicity to over-the-counter use of NSAIDs should be remembered.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution Variation and Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Exposure to Fluoride in Ground Water Supplies: A Case Study in an Endemic Fluorosis Region of Northwest Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Yousefi ◽  
Farzaneh Asghari ◽  
Pietro Zuccarello ◽  
Gea Oliveri Conti ◽  
Aida Ejlali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Fluoride Level ◽  
Drinking Water Resources

Prevalence of fluorosis is a worldwide public health issue, especially in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate fluoride concentration in drinking water resources within Maku city, in both the warm and cold seasons, to perform a health risk assessment. Fluoride were measured using UV-visible spectrophotometry. The spatial distribution was calculated by the software ArcGIS and Hazard Quotients (HQs) were calculated according to the US EPA method. The fluoride concentrations ranged between 0.29 to 6.68 and 0.1 to 11.4 mg/L in the cold and warm seasons, respectively. Based on this report, 30.64 and 48.15% of the samples revealed a fluoride level higher than the permissible level in the cold and warm seasons, respectively. Moreover, results showed that the HQ value in the warm season for different age groups was higher than the HQ value in the cold season. In both seasons, the non-carcinogenic risks of fluoride for the four exposed populations varied according to the order: children > teenagers > adults > infants. The HQ values for three age groups (children, teenager and adults) for both seasons were higher than 1 with a high risk of fluorosis. The results of this study, support the requests that government authorities better manage water supplies to improve health quality.

Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery: Effect of Sodium Naproxen

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Russo ◽  
V. Papa ◽  
S. Russo ◽  
A. Dl Bella ◽  
G. Pabst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Ophthalmic Solution ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Postoperative Inflammation ◽  
Sodium Naproxen ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose To investigate whether topical nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are useful, in the absence of concomitant corticosteroid therapy, in limiting postoperative inflammation after uncomplicated cataract surgery. Methods A total of 328 patients were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, double-masked, parallel-group, active-controlled study. Anterior chamber inflammation (ACI) was evaluated as the primary efficacy parameter. Only patients with moderate inflammation (ACI score of ≤4) the day after surgery were randomized and treated with NSAIDs. A novel topical formulation containing 0.2% sodium naproxen was compared with 0.1% diclofenac. Both were administered three times a day for 14 consecutive days. Ocular inflammation was measured after 7 and 14 days by using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Safety parameters were also evaluated at the same time. Results Both treatments were equally effective in controlling postsurgical inflammation. No statistically significant differences between treatment groups were observed for the safety variables. No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred during the course of the study. The most frequent AE reported with naproxen was eye redness. Conclusions NSAIDs can effectively be used without concurrent administration of corticosteroids to control postoperative inflammation after uncomplicated cataract surgery. In addition, naproxen ophthalmic solution may be considered a suitable alternative to the currently available NSAIDs.

scholarly journals Phenanthrenes in Chinese Yam Peel Exhibit Anti-inflammatory Activity, as Shown by Strong in Vitro Cyclooxygenase Enzyme Inhibition

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Chuan-Rui Zhang ◽  
Amila A. Dissanayake ◽  
Qun-yu Gao ◽  
Muraleedharan G. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Chinese Yam ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
In Vitro Bioassays ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 1

Chinese yam ( Dioscorea opposita), peeled or whole, is a popular food item that is considered to be healthy. Often, the yam is peeled before cooking. However, it is also consumed with peel. Therefore, in this study, the peel of this yam was extracted sequentially with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol, and studied for its health-benefits, using in vitro bioassays. Bioactivity-guided purifications of extracts of the peel afforded phenanthrenes (1-4), as characterized by spectroscopic methods. Phenanthrene 1 is a novel analogue. The extracts and isolates were tested for anti-inflammatory activity using cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-1 and -2) inhibitory assays. All phenanthrenes isolated from the yam peel showed higher inhibition of COX enzymes than the over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen.

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