Changes in trade of the czech republic with developing countries during the transformation period

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois Holub
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Transformation Period

Despite some inaccuracies originating chiefly in statistical discrepancies, the analysis has shown that the role of developing countries in foreign trade of the Czech Republic reveals a clearly downward trend. This is observable even in comparison with the prevailing trends characterizing trade relations between developing countries and transformation economies as a group. In view of the fact that developing countries including China and Vietnam have been the most dynamic segment of the world economy during the first half of the 1990s, this downward trend gives no reasons to satisfaction. Moreover, their trade has been growing at markedly rapid rates than GDP. In these circumstances, the falling share of developing countries in Czech exports and imports indicates that Czech trade tends to lose opportunities to grow.

scholarly journals The competitiveness of Czech agrarian trade within the context of the global crisis

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Smutka ◽  
J. Burianová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Very High

World trade underwent a significant shock within the recent years, which caused a decline in the world economy primarily in the year 2009. Within the following years (2010 and 2011), the high rate of growth from the years preceding the crisis could not be restored. The crisis had an impact on all segments of the merchandise trade, whereby the trade in agricultural and food products was affected the least by the crisis. In the case of the Czech Republic, the crisis of the global and national economy was reflected in the case of agricultural trade primarily by the way of a decline in the rate of the growth of export, which was very high in the period prior to the crisis. As far as the territorial structure and commodity structure of agricultural trade is concerned, their development in the years 2008–2011 was not affected in any largely significant manner. In relation to the main objective of this article, which was to identify the effects of the crisis on the competitiveness of Czech agricultural trade, it may be stated that the crisis itself did not worsen the competitiveness of agricultural trade in any significant manner.  

Consuls and Silver Contraband on Mexico's West Coast in the Era of Santa Anna

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
West Coast ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Role

Mexico achieved independence in 1821. With the definitive cutting of the imperial ties with Spain, already weakened by the impact of the Napoleonic Wars, the country began to play an individual role in the world economy. The end of Spanish rule and the departure of many Spaniards opened up new positions and new opportunities for Mexicans. Some they seized immediately as in government and the army; others they lacked in some measure the skills, inclination or capital to exploit. One of the more difficult areas was overseas trade, which had been largely the preserve of peninsulares. Their departure provided the occasion for the arrival of numbers of foreigners, who established merchant houses in trading centres, and assumed the role of middlemen in Mexico's foreign trade.

scholarly journals Foreign trade of Russia: trends at the stage of the general crisis (2020)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
I.S. Gladkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Energy Group ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Foreign Trade Turnover ◽  
First Time

The author examines new trends in the dynamics of foreign trade relations of Russia during the pandemic of 2020, which played a kind of «black swan» in relation to the world economic evolution: the processes of turbulence, which increased in the previous period of development of the world economy and modern international trade, continued in the mechanisms of deployment of a global crisis in 2020 in the context of the introduction of a full lockdown in many countries; this was reflected in the downward trend in prices for fuel and energy group goods, which are very important for domestic exports. The article shows the shifts in Russia’s foreign trade turnover provoked by the crisis. The study used the methodology of comparative and statistical analysis based on the latest statistical materials, as well as a number of official calculations, introduced into the Russian scientific turnover for the first time.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Current Foreign Trade Relations between Slovakia and Ukraine Affected by the Global Changes in the World Economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (34) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Elena Kašťáková ◽  
Dáša Bebiaková
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Conflict Situation ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Given

Abstract The article focuses on the issues of the perspectives of foreign trade relations between Slovakia and Ukraine affected by the current changes of EU trade policy towards Ukraine and other global changes underway in the global economy, which are very demanding in terms of the ongoing conflict situation in eastern Ukraine. The authors examine the development of foreign trade relations between the Slovak Republic and Ukraine, and based on the globalization processes taking place in Ukraine and analysing the foreign trade, the SWOT analysis of prospects for foreign trade relations of Slovakia and Ukraine influenced by the given facts will be performed.

scholarly journals The demand for beer in presence of past consumption and advertising in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 589-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Castiglione ◽  
L. Grochová ◽  
D. Infante ◽  
J. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Advertising Expenditure ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

The paper focuses on beer consumption in the Czech Republic, the country with the highest beer consumption per capita in the world. To understand the recent beer-consumption behaviour, we use the monthly data from a three year period, 2006–2008, to estimate both the 2SLS and the SUR model charting the demand for beer extended to the past consumption and advertising expenditure. The demand for beer in the Czech Republic reacts more strongly to the changes in price than it does to the investments in advertising. The results suggest two implications for the policy-makers. Consumption is as sensitive to the price of beer and its alternatives as it is to advertising, so taxes or restrictions on advertising can affect the consumption of beer, considering the long tradition of Czech consumers in drinking beer as the strong role of the past consumption demonstrates.  

The Role of Foreign Trade and Investment in China's Economic Transformation

1995 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1065-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Lardy
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
International Capital ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade And Investment

In the almost two decades since economic reform began in China the role of the foreign sector has burgeoned in ways that no one anticipated. The volume of foreign trade and the role of foreign capital are both far greater than could have been foreseen based on the modest Chinese economic reforms initiated in the late 1970s. By the mid-1990s China had become one of the world's largest trading nations, the recipient of more foreign direct investment than any other country in the world, the largest borrower from the World Bank, the largest recipient of official development assistance in the form of low-interest, long-term concessionary loans from industrialized countries, and, except for the Czech Republic, the only transition economy with ready access to international capital and equity markets.

scholarly journals THE PANDEMIC CRISIS HAS HELPED TO STRENGTHEN THE NEW TECHNOLOGICAL ORDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 (5) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
GLAZIEV SERGEY YU. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World

The article contains a brief analysis of the fall of the world economy against the background of the new coronavirus pandemic, which negatively affects the foreign trade relations of Russia and the EAEU States. On the other hand, this situation determines the reorientation of trade, economic and investment activity to the domestic market. Together with the opportunities offered by new technological and global economic structures, the current crisis can become a window of opportunity for countries and regions that are aiming for a breakthrough in economic development. To do this, long-standing economic problems must be resolved both at the national and supranational levels.

scholarly journals „From window cleaner to cardinal”: The story of an extraordinary media image

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Renata Rusin Dybalska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Media Image ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Main Protagonist ◽  
The Way

The aim of this study is to present the story behind the media image recounting the final months in the life of the former primate of the Czech Republic, cardinal Miloslav Vlk. The analyses presented in this study are grounded in a corpus of texts consisting of 63 press articles published by Czech national dailies between 23 January and 26 March 2017. The image recreated on their basis has become extraordinary not only due to the fact of its very existence within the perception of the world promoted by Czech media, but also because of the way it was constructed and presented to the audience. One must not underestimate the role of the main protagonist of the analyzed image, who became one of its authors himself.  

scholarly journals La enseñanza de la interculturalidad a través de la literatura: nuevos desafíos

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Květuše Kunešová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Young People ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Siglo Xx

La enseñanza de la literatura en las escuelas secundarias de la República Checa, contribuye de manera relevante a ofrecer nuevas perspectivas educativas a los jóvenes checos. En tal sentido, esta enseñanza funciona como atesoran en el mundo, desde la Odisea de Homero, por ejemplo, a través del drama Shakesperiano y Fausto de Goethe, a las novelas de Balzac o de Zola, a los autores del siglo XX que se dedicaron a la causa humanista desvelando las facetas ocultas de la existencia humana. El propósito de nuestra reflexión sobre temas interculturales es, en primer lugar, analizar la contribución de la lectura al nivel de conocimiento, proponer la posibilidad de utilizar textos literarios para demostrar hasta qué punto el diálogo entre culturas, está incluido en las propias obras, y, por último, considerar qué textos literarios contemporáneos a escala mundial podrían enriquecer de manera relevante la selección de libros recomendados a los jóvenes checos. La conclusión será una síntesis tratando de comparar la situación de los estudiantes checos con la de los jóvenes franceses. También se resalta el papel de la traducción no sólo en la enseñanza de la literatura, sino en el conocimiento del Otro. The teaching of literature in secondary schools in the Czech Republic (note that this is in the course of Czech literature courses and taught in Czech) contributes in a relevant way to open to young people new worlds. It works starting from the treasury of the world thought, Homer’s Odyssey for example through Shakespearean drama and Goethe’s Faust, to the novels by Balzac or by Zola, to the twentieth century authors who engaged in the humanist cause by unveiling the hidden facets of human existence. The purpose of our reflection on intercultural topics is first of all to analyze the contribution of reading to the level of knowledge, then to propose the possibilities of using literary texts to demonstrate how much the dialogue between cultures is included in the works themselves, and finally, to consider which contemporary literary texts on a world scale could enrich in a relevant way the choice of books recommended to young Czechs. The conclusion will be a synthesis trying to compare the situation of Czech students to that of young Frenchmen, for example. It will also highlight the role of translation not only in teaching literature, but in knowing the Other.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Trade Policy on China's Economic Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Shi Ike ◽  
Natalia Epova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The importance of foreign trade and its impact on the level of economic development of both individual states and the world economy as a whole is steadily increasing. The successful or unsuccessful development of foreign trade relations is largely determined by the state's policy in this area, the use of various tools and methods. China, having begun to reform the economic system, pursued the goal of increasing the competitiveness of the national economy. For this purpose, foreign trade relations with other countries were actively developed in accordance with the interests of China and the priorities of economic development. Over a long period in China was dominated by autarkic tendencies in the sphere of foreign relations, which contradict the idea of integration for joint solutions to existing problems and the liberalization of foreign trade. Since the late 70s, China has realized the need to connect the country to the processes taking place in the world economy and carry out reforms, an important part of which was the implementation of a strategy for the development of foreign economic relations. The new policy assumed the extraction of maximum benefits from cooperation with foreign partners, the modernization of the economy using best practices in the economic, scientific and technical spheres, the diversification of production, the introduction of effective management models. China's foreign trade policy is implemented through a variety of regulatory, control and incentive methods. This makes it possible to take into account the characteristics of specific territories and use the most appropriate tools to achieve the best result. Relevance and insufficient knowledge of the impact of trade on economic development of China in the development of global value chains and the trend towards a multipolar world system, the development of the prospects of transformation of China's foreign trade, led to the selection of topics for articles.

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