scholarly journals Influence of Amanita muscaria (class Agaricomycetes, fam. Amanitaceae) and Flammulina velutipes (class Agaricomycetes, fam. Physalacriaceae) on the growth and development of seedlings of Picea abies (class Pinophyta, fam. Pinaceae) and Abies sibirica (class Pinophyta, fam. Pinaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420
Author(s):  
Railia G. Kalyakina ◽  
◽  
Galiya T. Bastaeva ◽  
Elena M. Anhalt ◽  
Victoria A. Simonenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Amanita Muscaria ◽  
Abies Sibirica ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Root Collar

The article presents studies of the influence of Amanita muscaria and Flammulina velutipes on the growth and development of seedlings of species of the Pinaceae family. The positive effect of mycorrhization by these fungi species on the growth and development of Picea abies and Abies sibirica was established. Thus, the presence of Flammulina velutipes and Amanita muscaria in the substrate accelerated the appearance of the first shoots by 4–8 days. Mycorrhization of Amanita muscaria influenced the morphometry of the seedlings of Picea abies and Abies sibirica. The main root length changed: in Picea abies it increased by 17.2%, in Abies sibirica it decreased by 12.9%, compared with the control group. In the presence of Amanita muscaria, the length of lateral roots increased by 51.0% in Picea abies seedlings, and by 32.4% in Abies sibirica seedlings, compared with the control group. The height of the aerial part in the presence of Flammulina velutipes increased in comparison with the control group in Picea abies seedlings by 52.2% and in Abies sibirica seedlings by 18.3%. Mycorrhization of Amanita muscaria seedlings caused an increase in the stem diameter at the root collar of Picea abies seedlings by 13.6%, and Abies sibirica seedlings by 12.1%.

scholarly journals Influence of biochar on coniferous species seeds germinating ability and seedlings growth in protected ground conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.С. Дурова ◽  
А.В. Жигунов
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Different Doses

Улучшение агрохимических, физико-химических и биологических показателей почвы в результате внесения в почву биоугля в качестве мелиоранта доказано множеством исследований. Наиболее эффективным при выращивании сельскохозяйственных культур оказалось применение мелиоранта в дозах от 1 до 30 т/га биоугля. Однако вопрос о влияния биоугля на рост сеянцев хвойных пород в условиях закрытого грунта на искусственных субстратах в научной литературе затронут не был. Целью исследования была оценка влияния различных доз биоугля на развитие грибных инфекций и рост однолетних сеянцев, выращиваемых на торфяных субстратах в условиях теплиц летнего типа. Объектами исследования были семена и однолетние сеянцы ели обыкновенной (Picea abies (L.), Karst.), сосны обыкновенной (Pínus sylvéstris L.) и лиственницы европейской (Larix decidua Mill.). Биоуголь вносился в торфяной субстрат, в дозах 5 и 10 т/га. Оценка влияния различных доз биоугля на рост и развитие сеянцев проводилась по показателям всхожести семян, отпада сеянцев, степени грибного поражения сеянцев и динамики роста сеянцев. Полученные данные говорят о различном влиянии биоугля на показатели роста и развития сеянцев различных хвойных пород в теплицах. Наибольшее положительное влияние внесение биоугля оказало на рост и развитие сеянцев лиственницы. Внесение как 5, так и 10 т/га биоугля дало достоверное (в 2 и 1,5 раза соответственно) увеличение всхожести, а также увеличение биометрических параметров сеянцев высоты и массы побега. В условиях закрытого грунта создаются наиболее благоприятные условия для роста и развития сеянцев. Однако эти же условия благоприятны и для развития грибных инфекционных заболеваний сеянцев. Следует отметить достоверное снижение отпада и уменьшение грибного поражения сеянцев при внесении биоугля в опытах со всеми испытываемыми хвойными породами. Максимальный эффект был получен в варианте с внесением 10 т/га биоугля при выращивании сеянцев лиственницы. Количество пораженных грибными заболеваниями растений снизилось с 60% в контроле до 41% в опыте. Improvement of agrochemical, physical-chemical and biological performance of soil due to introduction of biochar as ameliorant has been proved by a great number of researches. Biochar doses of 1 to 30 t/ha are considered most effective in farm production. However the effect of biochar application on germinating ability of coniferous seeds and seedlings growing on man-made substrate in greenhouses has not been considered in literature yet. The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of different doses of biochar on the development of fungal infections and growth of one-year seedlings in containers with peat substrate in summer greenhouses. The study was carried out with seeds and seedlings of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.), Karst.), Scotch pine (Pínus sylvéstris L.) and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). Biochar was added into peat substrate in doses of 5 and 10 t/h. The effect of different doses of biochar on growth and development of seedlings was estimated based on the germination index, seedlings fall value, extent of fungal disease development, and seedling growth dynamics. The results have shown that introduction of biocar produces different effects on growth rate and development of seedlings of different species. The highest positive effect was observed for growth and development of larch seedlings. Application of biochar in doses of 5 and 10 t/h resulted in significant 2- and 1.5-fold increase in germination, accordingly, and increment in biometric parameters (height and diameter) and mass of the seedlings. Greenhouses provide the most favorable conditions for growth of seedlings. However, the same conditions are favorable for the development of fungal infection as well. Application of biochar has decreased the fungal attack and, as a result, the fall of seedlings of all species. Application of biochar in the dose of 10 t/ha has produced the maximum effect on larch seedlings. The number of plants attacked by fungal disease has decreased from 60% in the control group without biochar to 41% in the experiment with biochar application.

scholarly journals Influence of the probiotic preparation “Plantarum” in the diets of pregnant animals on the growth and development of young animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00143
Author(s):  
Irina Funk ◽  
Nikolay Vladimirov ◽  
Alexander Yashkin ◽  
Lyudmila Pautova ◽  
Vitaly Gorshkov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Different Doses

The work aims to study the effect of different doses of the experimental probiotic preparation “Plantarum” when fed to pregnant animals on their reproductive qualities, as well as on the growth and development of young animals. To obtain young animals, four groups of goats were formed in the type of the Saanen breed, 20 heads each. In the first (control) group, the animals received a standard diet, in the diet of the animals of the second, third and fourth groups in the second half of pregnancy, the probiotic preparation “Plantarum” was additionally introduced, containing Lactobacillus Plantarum, Propiobacterium freudenreihii, in dosages from 0.4 to 0.8 ml/kg of body weight per day. From the offspring of the goats of the experimental groups, four groups of 12 goats were formed. The highest percentage of preservation (94%) and the highest business output of kids per 100 queens (150%) were observed in the fourth experimental group (0.8 ml). The goats of the second, third and fourth groups exceeded the body weight of their contemporaries from the control group by 3%, 6.3%, and 8.8%. The highest indices of the absolute increase in body weight by age periods were noted in the fourth group of goats. There were no significant differences in body build indices during the experiment between the goats of the control and experimental groups. Thus, the maximum positive effect was observed with the introduction of a probiotic preparation into the diet of pregnant goats at a dose of 0.8 ml/kg of body weight per day.

scholarly journals THE USE OF POLYFUNCTIONAL FEED ADDITIVES FOR CALFS IN THE DAIRY PERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Balji ◽  
◽  
S.A. Isabekova ◽  
R.Kh. Mustafina ◽  
A.Kh. Shantyz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of these studies was an evaluation of the use of two developed formulations of multifunctional biologically active feed additives for calves during the dairy period. It was found that the average daily and absolute gain in both experimental groups is higher than that of the control by 11 and 8 %, respectively. Calves that received a feed supplement with active carbon and balsam poplar bud extract (group 1) exceeded the control group in girth measurements. In general, according to the results of the experiment, the positive effect of multifunctional feed additives on the growth and development of calves during the dairy period was determined.

scholarly journals Distribution of Horseradish Peroxidase in Horseradish Plants

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 689a-689
Author(s):  
Mosbah M. Kushad ◽  
Nadeem A. Abbasi ◽  
Chunlin Xiao ◽  
A. Bratsch
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Wide Range

Peroxidases are an enzyme family that displays a wide range of forms, functions, and distribution in the plant kingdom. Peroxidase extracted from horseradish is one of a few enzymes that had been widely used in industrial and clinical research. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP, EC 1.11.1.7, donor: hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase) has been used to estimate the levels of other enzymes, in immunoassay, bio-bleaching processes, and in lignin degradation for fuel production. Despite its extensive use, little is known about HRP distribution in horseradish plants. Four commercial horseradish cultivars (IL-647, IL-1069, IL-1573, and IL-1590) were evaluated for HRP activity in the main root, lateral roots, leaves, and leaf blades. HRP activity was highest in the main root followed by lateral roots. However, only a trace amount of HRP activity was detected in leaf blade and leaf petiole. IL-1573 has the highest HRP activity, while IL-647 has the lowest activity. Site of HRP synthesis and its distribution during horseradish plant growth and development will be described.

scholarly journals Influence of nutrition and various substrates on spruce seedling growth

2004 ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda Djukic ◽  
Danijela Djunisijevic ◽  
Mihailo Grbic ◽  
Dragana Skocajic
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Element Contents ◽  
One Year ◽  
Root Collar

The results of the influence of main macronutrients (N, P, and K) on growth and development of spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) one-year old seedlings are presented. They were grown in containers, in nursery conditions, on four different substrates. There is a good influence on biogenous element contents, height, root collar diameter, needle length and mass, root mass as well as physiological vitality of spruce seedlings. It was observed that the effect of nutrition depends also on the type of substrate.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and safety of new plant growth stimulators based on derivatives of heterylcarboxylic acids

2016 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
N. Derevianko ◽  
A. Brazhko ◽  
M. Zavgorodnii ◽  
Т. Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Accelerate Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Derivatives Of

The research examines the impact of new growth stimulants manufactured from acid salts heterylсarbon on division and cell growth kind of shoots Cucumis sp. (Variety «Competitor»). These studies make it possible to assert that the use of growth regulator established on the basis heterylсarbon acids for growing agricultural products are appropriate in view of the fact that he has expressed growth stimulating properties and can increase the length of the main root, the number of lateral roots, accelerate growth and development hypocotyls and leaves, and these factors in turn increase the viability of plant family Cucurbitaceae. Safety of this class of compounds was proven in mice. The created regulator of growth, on the basis of heterylсarbon acids practically is not toxic (V class of toxicness), that allows this class of substances to examine as potential growth regulators of plants. Also, this compound showed good antioxidant activity. Accrued regulator of growth, in a concentration 10 mg/l, substantially increased length of mainroot, amount of lateral chums, accelerated a height and development of hypocotyl and leaves.

Соматические дисфункции у детей с задержкой речи

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
E. L. Kuznetsova ◽  
L. A. Dultsev ◽  
E. V. Safin
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Goal of research - the study aims to examine the osteopathic profi le of children with dysarthria and to develop recommendations for osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in 2-3 year old children presenting this pathology.Materials and methods. 30 2-3 year old children with the symptoms of dysarthria took part in the research. All the children were divided into 2 groups: the control group of 15 children received standard treatment, and the experimental group of 15 children received both standard and osteopathic treatment. The dysarthria severity and the osteopathic profi le were evaluated with account of the number of somatic dysfunctions at global, regional, and local levels.Results. The osteopathic correction was shown to have a positive effect on dysarthria severity. The study established a correlation between the dysarthria severity in children and the number of somatic dysfunctions at the local level.Conclusion. The study suggests using osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in the complex therapy of dysarthria in children.

Pragmatic instruction in L2-Russian

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-95
Author(s):  
Daniele Artoni ◽  
Valentina Benigni ◽  
Elena Nuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Instructional Treatment ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Pragmatic Instruction

Over the last three decades, a growing number of studies have investigated the effects of instruction on the acquisition of pragmatic features in L2. The bulk of this research has focused mainly on the teaching of English as a second/foreign language. However, instructional pragmatic studies in L2-Russian are lacking. The main purpose of our study is to contribute towards filling this gap by analysing the effects of pragmatic instruction on the acquisition of two speech acts by Italian learners of Russian. Furthermore, we aim to explore whether the Multimodal Russian Corpus (MURCO), a multimedia subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus, can be an effective tool for teaching speech acts in L2-Russian. Our research was composed of one experimental group (n = 18) and one control group (n = 11); each was composed of two intact classes of Italian university students at an intermediate level of L2-Russian, who were pre- and post-tested using a written discourse completion task. The experimental group was subjected to a programme of pragmatic instruction – eight thirty-minute MURCO-based lessons devoted to requests and advice, while the control group was taught according to the standard syllabus, that is, with no pragmatic instruction. The results revealed that the use of the target pragmatic features varied significantly in the experimental group, but not in the control group, thus showing a general positive effect of the instructional treatment based on the MURCO corpus. However, some limitations were identified with regard to the usability of this tool by teachers and learners.

USING THE KAZAKH WHITE-HEADED BREED TO INCREASE BEEF IN THE FLAT PROVINCE OF DAGESTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.М. САДЫКОВ ◽  
М.П. АЛИХАНОВ ◽  
А.Г. СИМОНОВ ◽  
Г.А. СИМОНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Experimental Group

Изучены рост и развитие бычков — помесей красной степной с казахской белоголовой породой в равнинной провинции Дагестана. Установлено, что помесный молодняк, по сравнению с чистопородным скотом красной степной породы, имеет более высокую живую массу при рождении на 1,8 кг, или 7,3%. При отъеме в 8-месячном возрасте помеси имели живую массу 210 кг против 187,6 кг у красного степного молодняка, что на 22,4 кг, или 11,9% выше. В 12-, 15- и 18-месячном возрасте живая масса помесных бычков равнялась 291,8 кг, 359,7 и 436,6 кг, соответственно, или на 28 кг, 36 и 45,8 кг больше по сравнению с красным степным скотом. Среднесуточные приросты помесных бычков за период выращивания и откорма составили 760 г, что выше на 12,1% по сравнению с чистопородным красным степным молодняком. После заключительного откорма и убоя помесные бычки дали тяжеловесные туши с хорошим поливом. По массе парной туши они превосходили чистопородных аналогов на 31,3 кг, или 15,6% с преимуществом выхода туши на 2,4%. Убойный выход у бычков опытной группы составил 58,7%, контрольной — 55,8%. От помесных бычков были получены тяжеловесные шкуры массой 27,1 кг, от чистопородных — 21,6 кг, преимущество по этому показателю имели помесные животные 5,5 кг, или 25,4%. Для увеличения производства говядины в равнинной провинции Дагестана рекомендуем скрещивание коров красной степной породы с быками казахской белоголовой породы. The growth and development of bulls of red steppe crossbreeds with the Kazakh white-headed breed in the flat province of Dagestan were studied. It was found that young crossbreed animals in comparison with purebred red steppe cattle have a higher live weight at birth by 1,8 kg or 7,3%. When weaning at 8 months of age, cross-bred bulls had a live weight of 210 kg against 187,6 kg in red steppe young, which is 22,4 kg, or 11,9% higher. At 12, 15 and 18 months of age, the live weight of crossbred bulls was 291,8 kg, 359,7 and 436,6 kg, respectively, or 28 kg, 36 and 45,8 kg more than the red steppe cattle. The average daily growth of cross-bred bulls during the growing and fattening period was 760 g compared to 678 g, that is, they were 12,1% higher compared to purebred red steppe young. After the final fattening and slaughter, the cross-bred bulls gave heavy carcasses with good watering. By weight of the paired carcass, they were superior to purebred counterparts by 31,3 kg or 15,6% with an advantage of 2,4% carcass yield. The slaughter yield of bulls in the experimental group was 58,7%, 55,8% in the control group, respectively, with an advantage in favor of crossbreeds of 2,9%. Heavy skins weighing 27,1 kg were obtained from crossbreed bulls, 21,6 kg from purebred ones, and crossbreed animals of 5,5 kg or 25,4% had an advantage in this indicator. Studies have shown that in order to increase beef production in the lowland province of Dagestan, it is necessary to use crossbreeding of the breeding stock of the red steppe breed with bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed.

scholarly journals Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Status by β-Carotene in Late Pregnant Sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xupeng Yuan ◽  
Jiahao Yan ◽  
Ruizhi Hu ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Β Carotene

Recent evidences suggest that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating physiological and metabolic activities of pregnant sows, and β-carotene has a potentially positive effect on reproduction, but the impact of β-carotene on gut microbiota in pregnant sows remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of β-carotene on the reproductive performance of sows from the aspect of gut microbiota. A total of 48 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 16) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 30 or 90 mg/kg of β-carotene from day 90 of gestation until parturition. Dietary supplementation of 30 or 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the number of live birth to 11.82 ± 1.54 and 12.29 ± 2.09, respectively, while the control group was 11.00 ± 1.41 (P = 0.201). Moreover, β-carotene increased significantly the serum nitric oxide (NO) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). Characterization of fecal microbiota revealed that 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the diversity of the gut flora (P < 0.05). In particular, β-carotene decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes including Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008, but enriched Proteobacteria including Bilophila and Sutterella, and Actinobacteria including Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium 1 which are related to NO synthesis. These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation of β-carotene may increase antioxidant enzyme activity and NO, an important vasodilator to promote the neonatal blood circulation, through regulating gut microbiota in sows.

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