Hospital safety index in hospitals affiliated with Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2015

Introduction: To survive is the first concern of people after disasters. The ability to keep performing and offering services in hospitals at the same time as appropriate responding to the medical needs of disaster victims, matters tremendously. An effective element in this regard is having appropriate safety level in hospitals. The aim of this study was to specify the safety index of hospitals covered by Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-provisional study was conducted between 2014 and 2015 in Alborz province. Nine public hospitals, affiliated with Alborz University of Medical Sciences, were chosen by the means of census method. The data collection tool was the standard tool of hospital safety index, WHO / PAHO, through which the level of hospital safety (in three structural, non-structural and functional areas) were determined. Data were analyzed through Excel software. The outcomes were rated between zero to one, and accordingly, in terms of safety, hospitals were classified as either A, B or C. Results: Based on the results of this study, most of the examined hospitals were at B level of safety. Although the group B hospitals can put up with disasters in time but, their vital equipment and services will be put at jeopardy. Conclusion: Measuring the safety index of hospitals as well as determining their level of safety, it can be figured out how much a hospital can preserve its organization and function in disasters. This index will be helpful for decision makers and policymakers, when it comes to prioritizing management and civil interventions.

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Hospital Safety Index analysis in Fars Province hospitals, Iran, 2015-2016

American Journal of Disaster Medicine ◽

10.5055/ajdm.2019.0313 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 25-32

Author(s):

Mahmoudreza Peyravi, MD, PhD ◽

Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh, PhD Candidate ◽

Fatemeh Gandomkar, MSc ◽

Aman Allah Zamani, PhD Candidate ◽

Amir Khorram-Manesh, MD, PhD

Keyword(s):

Optimal Level ◽

Disaster Mitigation ◽

World Health ◽

Structural Safety ◽

Successful Outcome ◽

Fars Province ◽

Safety Index ◽

Safety Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital Safety

Background and objectives: Hospitals are the vital part of disaster management and their functionality should be maintained and secured. However, it can be the target of natural and man-made disasters. In Iran, Fars Province is prone to major incidents and disasters in its hospitals at any time during the course of a year. This study aimed to examine the Hospital Safety Index (HSI) in all hospitals (public and private) affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS).Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015-2016, using the World Health Organization’s HSI checklist. All 58 hospitals in Fars Province affiliated to SUMS were included. The hospital assessment team was formed to collect the data retrospectively and by visiting and interviewing hospital’s authority based on the checklist. The collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel.Results: The results showed that in the abovementioned years, the structural safety of hospitals reached the highest optimal level, whereas functional safety reached the lowest level. The results of the studies conducted in 2016 showed that during this year, the overall hospital safety level improved (6 and B).Conclusion: Although safety in hospitals located in Fars Province has improved due to continuous disaster mitigation and preparedness activities, there is still space for more improvement to achieve and maintain higher levels of safety in hospitals. Paying attention to this, the authors recommend that proper policies, legislation, and intra- and inter-institutional coordination are the requirements for a successful outcome.

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Determining the Level of Preparedness in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital for Confronting to Emergencies and Disasters after Development of Hospital Disaster Response Plan

Journal of Disaster and Emergency Research ◽

10.18502/jder.v3i1.2566 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Jafari ◽

Reza Farahmand Rad ◽

Akram Zolfaghari Sadrabad ◽

Mohammad Reza Haghighi

Keyword(s):

Disaster Response ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Structural Safety ◽

Structural Elements ◽

Safety Index ◽

Safety Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital Safety ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Response Plan

Introduction: According to the importance of preparation of health care facilities against incidents and disasters, the aim of this study is to determine the level of preparation of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital for responding to incidents and disaster after the Development of a hospital disaster-response plan. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study has investigated the level of vulnerability of the hospital against incidents and disasters and has identified the hazards threatening the Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in 2016. The used tool was the Farsi Hospital Safety Index (FHSI) questionnaire in three scopes of functional, structural and non-structural and the results were analyzed using the Excel software. Results: The results showed that the frequency of natural disasters in hospital was about 48%, functional safety level of about 56.39%, non-structural safety level was about 53.33, structural elements safety level was about 73.33, the score of weighted safety was about 63.94%, and the score of safety without weighing was about 56.41%. Conclusion: According to the results, it could be concluded that the amount of preparation of the hospital is in acceptable level and by developing a disaster response plan, the level of preparation of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital to confront the incidents and disasters could be improved, especially in structural and functional vulnerability sections.

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Tissue engineering in periodontics- A demystifing review

Journal of Cellular Biotechnology ◽

10.3233/jcb-200028 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Shivani Sachdeva ◽

Harish Saluja ◽

Amit Mani ◽

M.B. Phadnaik

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Complete Recovery ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Periodontal Tissue Regeneration ◽

Novel Concept ◽

And Function

INTRODUCTION: Novel concept known as tissue engineering is for the betterment of human. The use of much advanced molecular science and cell biology in processing the tissues to regenerate even after the loss of inborn tendency of pluripotent cells to multiply is possible by this new therapy. CONTENT: Periodontal tissue regeneration in both height and function is attributed to a complete recovery of the periodontal structures, that is, the formation of alveolar bone, a new connective attachment through collagen fibers as well as functionally oriented on the newly formed cementum is regeneration. Cell based therapies including tissue regeneration is an alternative approach for the regeneration of tissues damaged by disease or trauma. SUMMARY: Though tissue engineering requires the fundamentals of all the three keys namely genomics, proteomics and biometrics to give the solutions to biological problems appearing in dentistry as well as medical sciences.

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The Ontario bridge code—Development and implementation

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l84-100 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 824-832

Author(s):

R. A. Dorton

Keyword(s):

Highway Bridges ◽

Safety Index ◽

Design Code ◽

Limit States ◽

Safety Level ◽

New Development ◽

Live Loads ◽

Index Value ◽

Correct Understanding ◽

Short Time

The Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code was first issued in 1979 and has since been used for the design and evaluation of most bridges in Ontario. The code is in metric SI units, written in a limit states format, and calibrated to a target safety index value of 3.5. It has produced bridges with a more consistent safety level and capable of carrying design live loads twice those previously prescribed. Feedback from users was obtained and their concerns considered in formulating the provisions of the seeond edition in 1983. New bridge codes can be written in a short time and implemented most readily within a relatively small jurisdiction having control of all highways, bridges, and vehicles. Communications between the writers and potential users are important throughout the preparation and implementation phases. It is essential that a commentary volume be issued with a code to ensure correct understanding and interpretation of new provisions. Computer programs should be available, incorporating the code technology before the use of a new code becomes mandatory. Future code needs and likely areas of new development are outlined in the paper. Key words: calibration, codes, computer systems, highway bridges, loadings, safety, structures.

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Effectiveness of refractive error correction for people with oculocutaneous albinism in Nepal

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v8i6.17853 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 30-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arjun M Bhari ◽

Kabindra Bajracharya ◽

Hari B Thapa ◽

Maria Gautam ◽

Araniko Pandey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Error Correction ◽

Oculocutaneous Albinism ◽

Outreach Program ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Telephone Contact ◽

Refractive Correction ◽

And Function ◽

Objective Improvement

Background: Albinism is commonly associated with high refractive errors, but some clinicians are reluctant to prescribe glasses because reduced vision persists due to additional non-refractive visual problems.Aims and Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of glasses in people with oculocutaneous albinism in Nepal.Materials and Methods: People with Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) were prospectively examined through an outreach program of Lumbini Eye Institute, Nepal. Glasses were prescribed to determine the objective improvement in visual acuity (VA) and strabismus. Compliance with spectacles wear was assessed by telephone contact after 3 weeks and categorized as excellent: >75% of awake hours; good: 50–75% of awake hours; fair: 26–50% of awake hours and poor: <25%.Results: Thirty one people (65% male) mean age 18 years (range: 3 to 50) with OCA were examined. Mean refractive correction was –0.40±4.3 diopters spherical equivalents (range: −11.0 to +7.0 D). Mean visual acuity at distance was 0.9±0.28(6/50) corrected and 1.150.31(5/60) uncorrected (P = 0.000) in 62 eyes. Mean neat VA was1.74±0.89M corrected and 2.06±1.20M uncorrected (P = 0.004). Forty eight per cent (15 people) had fusion with or without glasses and one had fusion only with glasses. Compliance was excellent in 52% (16), fair in 26% (8), good in 12% (4), and poor in 10% (3).Conclusion: Providing eye glasses resulted in a clinically and functionally significant improvement in visual acuity and function in people with OCA.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 30-34

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The evolution of the hospital from antiquity to the end of the middle ages

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v25i4.806 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Cilliers ◽

F.P. Retief

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Nursing Facilities ◽

The Public ◽

Late Middle Ages ◽

Specialized Institutions ◽

And Function ◽

The Military ◽

The Middle Ages

The evolution of the hospital is traced from its onset in ancient Mesopotamia towards the end of the 2nd millennium to the end of the Middle Ages. Reference is made to institutionalised health care facilities in India as early as the 5th century BC, and with the spread of Buddhism to the east, to nursing facilities, the nature and function of which are not known to us, in Sri Lanka, China and South East Asia. Special attention is paid to the situation in the Graeco-Roman era: one would expect to find the origin of the hospital in the modem sense of the word in Greece, the birthplace of rational medicine in the 4th century BC, but the Hippocratic doctors paid house-calls, and the temples of Asclepius were visited for incubation sleep and magico-religious treatment. In Roman times the military and slave hospitals which existed since the 1st century AD, were built for a specialized group and not for the public, and were therefore also not precursors of the modem hospital. It is to the Christians that one must turn for the origin of the modem hospital. Hospices, initially built to shelter pilgrims and messengers between various bishops, were under Christian control developed into hospitals in the modem sense of the word. In Rome itself, the first hospital was built in the 4th century AD by a wealthy penitent widow, Fabiola. In the early Middle Ages (6th to 10th century), under the influence of the Benedictine Order, an infirmary became an established part of every monastery. During the late Middle Ages (beyond the 10th century) monastic infirmaries continued to expand, but public hospitals were also opened, financed by city authorities, the church and private sources. Specialized institutions, like leper houses, also originated at this time. During the Golden Age of Islam the Muslim world was clearly more advanced than its Christian counterpart with magnificent hospitals in various countries.

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SMART SECURITY AND SAFETY INDEX MEASUREMENT: A CASE STUDY IN BANDUNG INDONESIA

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews ◽

10.18510/hssr.2019.7518 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 141-149

Author(s):

Indrawati ◽

Tania Dayarani ◽

Husni Amani

Keyword(s):

Mixed Method ◽

Smart City ◽

Safety Index ◽

Huge Number ◽

Safety Level ◽

Index Measurement ◽

The World ◽

Index Level ◽

The City

Purpose: Nowadays, the development of technology is very fast and increasingly sophisticated; no doubt all the problems in a city can be solved quickly and well. Hence, facing a huge number of the urban population, the city must adopt the strategy of smart city so that the standard of life can be improved. Some of the cities in the world have applied the concept of smart city. One of the dimensions in smart city concept is smart security and safety. This study aims to know the indicators and index level of smart security and safety in Bandung city of Indonesia. This research explores the indicators and measures the index level of smart security and safety in Bandung. Methodology: The research method characteristics applied in this study is the exploratory sequential mixed method. Main Findings: This study finds that there are 20 indicators to measure the index level of smart security and safety. The smart security and safety level of Bandung city is 72% which is considered that on average the measured indicators are already good enough and satisfied, but there are some indicators that should be improved. The variable that should be improved is variable of Awareness and Understanding which has score of 49%. Implications/Applications: It is suggested by this study that the socialization of smart security and safety program such as Panic Button Application, LAPOR! The website should be more effective through making socialization more targeted and real.

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Protective effect of LIF-huMSCs on the retina of diabetic model rats

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.10.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 1508-1517

Author(s):

Shan-Na Chen ◽

◽

Ying-Xue Ma ◽

Song Chen ◽

Guang-Hui He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Model ◽

Group A ◽

Retinal Structure ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Group B ◽

And Function ◽

Group D ◽

Control Group Group

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) modified by the LIF gene on the retinal function of diabetic model rats and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: A stably transfected cell line of hUCMSCs overexpressing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was constructed. Overexpression was verified by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Forty-eight adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A), streptozotocin-induced diabetic control group (group B), diabetic rats at 3mo injected with empty vector-transfected hUCMSCs (group C) or injected with LIF-hUCMSCs (group D). Four weeks after the intravitreal injection, analyses in all groups included retinal function using flash electroretinogram (F-ERG), retinal blood vessel examination of retinal flat mounts perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran), and retinal structure examination of sections using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression levels of adiponectin (APN), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in each group was detected using immunohistochemistry, PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: A stable transgenic cell line of LIF-hUCMSCs was constructed. F-ERG and FITC-dextran examinations revealed no abnormalities of retinal structure and function in group A, severe damage of the retinal blood vessels and function in group B, and improved retinal structure and function in group C and especially group D. qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot analyses revealed progressively higher APN and NT-4 expression levels in groups B, C, and D than in group A. hs-CRP expression was significantly higher in group B than in groups A, C, and D, and was significantly higher in group C than in group D (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LIF-hUCMSCs protect the retina of diabetic rats by upregulating APN and NT-4 expression and downregulating hs-CRP expression in the retina.

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Evaluation of changes in choroidal thickness after implantable collamer lens surgery in high myopia patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (inactive phase)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27964/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fanglin He ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Renbing Jia ◽

Jing zhang

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

High Myopia ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Control Group ◽

Safety Index ◽

Implantable Collamer Lens ◽

Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽

Group A ◽

Efficacy Index ◽

Group B

Abstract Background To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) implantation in high myopic patients with inactive Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) by observing the changes of choroidal thickness (CT). Methods Eight patients (16 eyes) with high myopia accompanied with inactive GO were selected as the experimental group (group A) and 18 high myopic patients (36 eyes) without GO were selected as a control group (group B). The outcomes of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), safety index, efficacy index, intraocular pressure (IOP), vault, corneal endothelial count, and choroidal thickness (CT) were observed. The values of CT were measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) scans. Results The UCVA and BCVA in all operated eyes were better than that before surgery. The postoperative safety index and efficacy index were 1.23 and 1.19 in the group A, respectively, and 1.26 and 1.21 in the group B, respectively. In both groups, foveal CT increased significantly in high myopic patients at 2 hours and at 3 months after surgery, compared to preoperative values. The same tendencies were observed in the inner nasal and outer nasal regions. Compared with patients without GO, the increase of CT was more obvious in GO patients, 2 hours postoperatively (P = 0.006) and 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.011). Conclusions The ICL implantation is safe and effective in high myopic patients with inactive GO. Subfoveal and nasal CT may be useful parameters for monitoring the activity of GO patients.

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Study on Evaluation Models of Highway Safety Based on Catastrophe Theory

Mathematical Problems in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2014/403560 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Hezheng Bi ◽

Linjun Lu ◽

Jian Lu ◽

Chen Wang

Keyword(s):

Catastrophe Theory ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Safety Evaluation ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Video Data ◽

Safety Index ◽

Safety Level ◽

Relative Safety ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

General Safety

Evaluating safety performance of first-class highways in China is important due to their high mortality rates. Traditional models for statistical crash prediction and traffic conflict techniques require long periods of data collection which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This paper introduces a safety evaluation method based on catastrophe theory for highways in China. The method firstly divides the highway into multiple road sections and uses video-based road detection (VRD) system to collect video data of existing road conditions. Then, experienced drivers and experts are invited to watch the collected videos to establish a multilayer safety index system and assign values to bottom indexes. By applying catastrophe theory, a general safety index is derived, which indicates the relative safety level of a road section. Finally, all road sections can be ranked based on the general safety index. A case study shows encouraging results where (1) the safety index is highly correlated with real mortality rates and (2) the safety index successfully identifies most dangerous road sections. The proposed method can be considered as a promising supplementary safety evaluation method that could help traffic engineers to better understand safety implications of first-class highways in China.

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