Biometrics of Jaw Models Analysis in Treating Tooth Position Anomalies with the Use of Orthodontic Shape Memory Apparatus

The paper presents the results of research in the field of orthodontic treatment of patients with the use of conventional bracket system methods as well as with the orthodontic thread and hollow tube made of superelastic nickelid titanium (TiNi) alloy, the method of measurement of plaster jaw models introduced by L. Persin. The study reveals the advantages of our newly developed apparatus for orthodontic tooth movement in the transverse and sagittal directions.

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NSAIDS (Non- Steroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs)- Their Effects and Side Effects in Orthodontic Therapy- A Review

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1672075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 05 (01) ◽

pp. 008-013

Author(s):

Isha Gargya ◽

Baljeet Singh ◽

Sanjay Talnia

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽

Direct Role ◽

Tooth Position ◽

Complex Process ◽

Biologic Response ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractOrthodontic tooth movement(OTM) is a complex process involving physiologic processes resulting in remodelling changes in the paradental tissues which are essential in orthodontic correction of tooth position. Medications have an influence on tooth movement and information on their consumption is essential to discuss treatment planning with patients. Various drugs either prescribed by the clinician or consumed by the patients enter the circulation and may be inhibitory, additive or synergise with the movement of teeth. Tooth movement through the remeodelling of bone is regulated by prostaglandins(PG) which play a direct role in bone resorption and is adversely affected by the use of NSAIDs(Non- Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) with research and clinical experience suggesting that their use slows down tooth movement due to a reduction in the number of osteoclastic cells. Since tooth movement is the key principle behind orthodontic treatment, any factor affecting the biologic response towards applied mechanical force is deemed to affect orthodontic treatment duration as well as efficacy. The purpose of this review article is to update the clinician on the roleof most commonly used pharmaceutical drugs capable of affecting bone metabolism and rate of orthodontic tooth movement so that best therapeutic strategy can be formulated for an individual.

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Orthodontic retention: a clinical guide for the GDP

Dental Update ◽

10.12968/denu.2019.46.9.848 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 848-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aslam Alkadhimi ◽

Mohammad Owaise Sharif

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Tooth Position ◽

Age Related ◽

The Common ◽

One Year ◽

Orthodontic Retention

Retention is normally required after active orthodontic tooth movement in order to maintain tooth position and minimize the effects of age-related changes to the dentition. The aim of this article is to define stability, retention and relapse with reference to the literature and to review the evidence with regards to clinical effectiveness of different types of fixed and removable retainers and wear regimens, with emphasis on systematic reviews and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Furthermore, to discuss the general dental practitioner's role and responsibility in managing patients after active orthodontic treatment. CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is common practice for orthodontists to review patients for one year after active orthodontic treatment. Beyond this period, monitoring of the patient's long-term retention is often carried out in general dental practice. This paper provides an overview of orthodontic retention, including retainer types, wear regimens and a discussion of the common problems associated with retainers and advice on management.

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Evaluation of IL1β and IL6 Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels during the Early Phase of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Adolescents and Young Adults

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11020521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 521

Author(s):

Simina Chelărescu ◽

Petra Șurlin ◽

Mioara Decusară ◽

Mădălina Oprică ◽

Eugen Bud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Early Stage ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Background: The crevicular fluid analysis represents a useful diagnosis tool, with the help of which noninvasive cellular metabolic activity can be analyzed. The aim of the study is to investigate comparatively IL1β and IL6 in the gingival crevicular fluid of clinically healthy adolescents and young adults during the acute phase of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from 20 patients (aged between 11 and 28) undergoing orthodontic treatment. Measurements were taken before (T0) and after 24 h after distalization forces were activated (T1). IL1β and IL 6 were analyzed using Elisa tests. The statistical tests used were two-sided t tests. Results: Between the two time periods there was a significant raise both in the crevicular fluid rate (0.57 µL at T0 vs. 0.95 µL at T1, p = 0.001) and in IL1β levels (15.67 pg/µL at T0 vs. 27.94 pg/µL at T1, p = 0.009). We were able to identify IL6 only in a third of the sites. There is a significantly increased level of ILβ at T1 in adolescents, more than in young adults (42.96 pg/µL vs. 17.93 pg/µL, p = 0.006). Conclusions: In the early stage of orthodontic treatment, the periodontal tissues of adolescents are more responsive to orthodontic forces than those of young adults.

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Is Inflammation a Friend or Foe for Orthodontic Treatment?: Inflammation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption and Accelerating Tooth Movement

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2388

Author(s):

Masaru Yamaguchi ◽

Shinichi Fukasawa

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Orthodontic Forces ◽

Necrosis Factor

The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the role of inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (AOTM) in orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is stimulated by remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These remodeling activities and tooth displacement are involved in the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the periodontium, in response to orthodontic forces. Inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukins (Ils; IL-1, -6, -17), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α superfamily, and receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are increased in the PDL during OTM. OIIRR is one of the accidental symptoms, and inflammatory mediators have been detected in resorbed roots, PDL, and alveolar bone exposed to heavy orthodontic force. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators are involved with the occurrence of OIIRR during orthodontic tooth movement. On the contrary, regional accelerating phenomenon (RAP) occurs after fractures and surgery such as osteotomies or bone grafting, and bone healing is accelerated by increasing osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, tooth movement after surgical procedures such as corticotomy, corticision, piezocision, and micro-osteoperforation might be accelerated by RAP, which increases the bone metabolism. Therefore, inflammation may be involved in accelerated OTM (AOTM). The knowledge of inflammation during orthodontic treatment could be used in preventing OIIRR and AOTM.

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Root Resorption in Orthodontic Treatment: Scoping Review

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v7i2.20166 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

Neeta Aryal ◽

Mao Jing

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Conventional Radiography ◽

Promising Tool ◽

External Root Resorption ◽

Long Time ◽

Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Root resorption is the loss of apical root tissue leading to the shortness of root which is often evident in orthodontic tooth movement. Proper management during orthodontic treatment however can minimize this undesirable outcome. The present article attempts to review the etiology of root resorption, methods of diagnosis, and strategies for prevention.Materials & Method: A scoping review was done with the purpose to carry out the narrative integration of the relevant evidences on root resorption and orthodontic treatment from the published literatures. The resulting papers were studied and reviewed thoroughly for the key explanation of root resorption in orthodontic patients. A total of 41 published research articles were reviewed.Discussion: According to the literatures root resorption is common iatrogenic outcome in orthodontic treatment. Biological, mechanical, and combined biological and mechanical factors result in external root resorption. Though most clinicians diagnose root resorption by conventional radiography, researches have clearly shown that CBCT is the promising tool. The clinicians need to counsel orthodontic patients and their parents that the root resorption might be a potential consequence of the treatment lasting for long time. In case of severity; it is essential to reassess the patient and minimize the underlying cause. It is necessary to understand the role of orthodontist in preventing root resorption

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Molar Uprighting: A Considerable and Safe Decision to Avoid Prosthetic Treatment

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601711010466 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 466-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Taísa Boamorte Raveli ◽

Dirceu Barnabé Raveli ◽

Kelei Cristina de Mathias Almeida ◽

Ary dos Santos Pinto

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Female Adult ◽

Bone Apposition ◽

Force System ◽

Second Molar ◽

Space Closure ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Lower Molar

Background: Tipped lower molar over edentulous space is very common in orthodontics practice when adults seek treatment. The segmented arch technique features a predictable force system that provides a controlled release of force that can produce light and continuous tooth movement. Case Description: A female adult patient, who lost a permanent lower first molar, needed correction of the position of her permanent first molar place. Instead of making space for rehabilitation, it was closed after second molar uprighting and a balanced interdigitation was created without prosthetics. The patient was successfully treated with segmented arch technique using root correction spring activated with geometry VI to promote uprighting of a tipped molar and Niti spring coil to promote space closure. Practical Implications: Segmented arch technique is known to provide predictable light and continuous forces, which is very much indicated in adult treatment. There are several things to consider when orthodontically treating adult patients. Their periodontal conditions might not be ideal, less bone apposition may occur, and side effects of orthodontic tooth movement are expected. Thus, a predictable and controlled orthodontic treatment is needed.

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Saliva Leptin Levels in Tooth Movement during Initial Stage of Orthodontic Alignment: A Pilot Study

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v16i0.8651060 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Noraini Abu Bakar ◽

Wisam Kamil ◽

Lina Al Bayati ◽

Basma Ezzat Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Mechanical Stress ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Initial Alignment ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Before And After

Introduction: During orthodontic tooth movement, the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute inflammatory reaction. Mechanical stress from orthodontic appliances is believed to induce cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) to form biologically active substances, such as enzymes and cytokines, responsible for connective tissue remodeling (Nishijima Y et al 2006). Leptin, a polypeptide hormone has been classified as a cytokine (Zhang et al 1994). Earlier findings concluded that leptin at high local concentrations protects the host from inflammation and infection as well as maintaining bone levels. It has been also suggested that leptin plays a significant role in bone formation by its direct effect on osteoblasts (Alparslan et al 2010). This pilot study aimed to study leptin in saliva and its association with tooth movement during initial orthodontic alignment. Objectives: To determine if there are any differences in saliva leptin level before and after orthodontic alignment. Material and methods: Ten orthodontic patients (7 girls and 3 boys; mean age, 16.76 ± 1.1 years) with crowding (up to 5mm) that required orthodontic fixed appliances, on a non-extraction basis as part of the treatment plan, were recruited in this longitudinal study. Orthodontic study models were constructed at baseline and at 6- weeks after orthodontic treatment commenced. Full fixed orthodontic appliances with initial 0.014” Nickel Titanium archwire placed. The amount of crowding was measured, before and after initial alignment with an electronic digital caliper (Max-Cal, Japan Micrometer Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with an accuracy of up to 0.01mm. Unstimulated morning saliva sample were collected at all visits, after at least an 8-hour period of fasting and no-toothbrushing. After centrifugation (4000x g;10min), the samples were stored at -25C and tested using Leptin Abnova LEP Human ELISA kit (KA3080) which was subsequently analyzed. Subjects’ periodontal health status was also monitored throughout the study. Ethical approval (ID IREC 262) was received on 7th April 2014 from International Islamic University Malaysia Research Ethics Committee (IREC). Results: Leptin concentration in saliva was significantly decreased in a time-dependant manner (t(9)=8.60, p<0.001), from before orthodontic treatment (7016.45± 425.15 pg/mL) and 6 weeks after bond-up (4901.92± 238.64 pg/mL). Conclusion: Leptin concentration in saliva is decreased during orthodontic tooth movement in initial alignment stage.

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Highly variable rate of orthodontic tooth movement measured by a novel 3D method correlates with gingival inflammation

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-020-03502-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marc A. de Gouyon Matignon de Pontouraude ◽

Johannes W. Von den Hoff ◽

Frank Baan ◽

Robin Bruggink ◽

Marjon Bloemen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Markers ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Contact Point ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Large Individual ◽

Gingival Inflammation

Abstract Objectives Individual orthodontic treatment duration is hard to predict. Individual biological factors are amongst factors influencing individual rate of orthodontically induced tooth movement (OTM). The study aim is to determine the rate of OTM by a novel 3D method and investigate parameters that may predict the rate of tooth movement. Materials and methods In this prospective cohort study, rate of OTM was determined from 90 three-dimensional intra-oral scans in 15 patients (aged 12–15) undergoing orthodontic treatment. For each patient, intra-oral scans were taken every week for up to 6 weeks (T0–T5). The teeth were segmented from the scans and the scans were superimposed on the palatal rugae. The rate of OTM was calculated for each tooth. Other parameters were gingival inflammation, contact-point displacement and the biological markers, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), MMP-9 and MMP-2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Results Our study showed a high variation in the rate of OTM, varying from 0.15 to 1.24 mm/week. Teeth in the anterior segment tended to move more compared with the posterior segment. The contact point displacement and gingival inflammation varied greatly amongst the patients. The MMPs measured did not correlate with tooth movement. However, the gingival inflammation index showed a significant correlation with OTM. Future studies should include other biological markers related to bone-remodeling. Conclusion This novel and efficient 3D method is suitable for measuring OTM and showed large individual variation in rate of OTM. Clinical relevance Patients show different rates of OTM. The rate of OTM in an individual patient can provide guidance in timing of follow-up appointments.

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Ultrasonographic evaluation of periodontal changes during orthodontic tooth movement - work in progress

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-663 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 93-98

Author(s):

Adela Zimbran ◽

Diana Dudea ◽

Cristina Gasparik ◽

Sorin Dudea

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Bone Apposition ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Canine Retraction ◽

High Resolution Ultrasonography

Background and aim. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a process whereby the application of a force induces bone resorption on the pressure side and bone apposition on the tension side of the lamina dura. However, only limited data are available on the in vivo behavior of the periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to assess the changes of periodontal tissues, induced by the orthodontic canine retraction, using 40 MHz ultrasonography.Methods. Ultrasonographic evaluation of periodontal tissues was conducted in 5 patients with indication for orthodontic treatment. The upper first premolars were extracted bilaterally due to severe crowding, and the canines were distalized using elastomeric chain with a net force of 100 cN. Ultrasonographic scans (US scans) were performed before, during and after retraction, in three distinct areas of the canines buccal surface: mesial, middle and distal. The reference point was the bracket, which appeared hyperechoic on the US scan. Four different dimensions were obtained: D1 (depth of the sulcus), D2 (thickness of the gingiva), D3 (length of the supracrestal fibers), D4 (width of periodontal space).Results. An increase of D1 was observed in all three areas of the periodontium, during orthodontic treatment. D3 was strongly correlated before and immediately after force delivery only for the mesial area (r=0.828, p<0.05). In total, 228 variables were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, in order to demonstrate the relationship between periodontal findings during orthodontic tooth movement.Conclusions. High-resolution ultrasonography has the capability to obviate changes in periodontal ligament space and free gingiva during orthodontic tooth movement.

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Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: a current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disease that affect orthodontic tooth movement

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-86372021000720190028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Gomides SAMARTINI ◽

Manuela Ortega Marques RODRIGUES ◽

Carina de Sousa SANTOS

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Bone Remodeling ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Healing Process ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Study Protocols ◽

Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽

Orthodontic Forces ◽

A Current

ABSTRACT With improvements in dental aesthetic requirements an increasing number of adults are seeking orthodontic treatment that, along with current lifestyle and eating habits of the adult population, makes orthodontists more likely to encounter patients with metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Speculated that the diabetic patient during orthodontic treatment may not experience a physiological healing process as a healthy patient. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present a current and contextualized review of the mechanisms by which uncontrolled diabetes mellitus impacts on bone remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement during the application of orthodontic forces. The following databases were searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS and open grey with these MeSH “bone remodeling”, “diabetes mellitus”, “orthodontic” and “tooth movement”. Five articles remained after search strategy and were analyzed. In sum, no clinical studies were found, the evidence was limited to animal studies (rats). The results suggest that there are differences in bone remodeling and tooth movement during the application of orthodontic forces in animals with diabetes mellitus when compared to healthy animals, especially when the disease is associated with periodontal disease. However, the results are still controversial and may be due to different study protocols.

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