scholarly journals Application of Natural Products in Radiotherapy-Induced Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maedeh Rezghi ◽  
Akram Moradi Farahani ◽  
Farideh Asadi ◽  
Sarmistha Mitra ◽  
Raju Dash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
English Language ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Larger Sample

Radiodermatitis (RD) is experienced by many cancer patients ‎receiving radiotherapy. An increasing number of these patients demand alternative natural therapies. This study aimed to review the natural products application in cancer patients who experience RD.‎ A search of studies published from 1990 to ‎‎2020 in the ‎databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed with the keywords relevant to “Radiotherapy” “Dermatitis” and “Natural Products”. Out of 73 papers obtained, 40 papers were excluded which described only protocols or were non-clinical, non-English language, or without full text. The obtained studies were ‎discussed in detail according to the outcomes and potential mechanisms of action for each natural ‎product.‎ Clinically studied natural products were found to show several outcomes from non-effective to effective in diminishing various items of RD. Outcomes on the effectiveness of Aloe vera were diverse. Some trials suggest that Silybum marianum, Boswellia, Nigella sativa, olive oil, Lianbai, and Hypericum perforatum as well as some multi-ingredient products might be effective prophylactic treatments for RD. Potential mechanisms of these natural products included topical hydrating, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound ‎healing activities. Results from this review shows that there are some promising natural product options for the prevention and treatment of RD via their multifactorial bioactivities. However, additional research is needed before any definitive conclusions. A larger sample size, optimum doses and duration of intervention as well as investigation of treatment effects in diverse populations and comorbid complications would also be essential in future studies.

Caregivers' Communication with Patients about Illness and Death: Initial Validation of a Scale

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaacov G. Bachner ◽  
Gesis-Za ◽  
Eldad Davidov ◽  
Sara Carmel
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Larger Sample

Caregivers of terminal cancer patients experience substantial communication difficulties with their loved ones about their illness. Existing communication scales focus on communication as perceived by the patient and do not include items that refer to his close death. The current study describes the development and initial validation of an instrument aimed at measuring caregivers' communication with patients about their illness and death. Two hundred thirty-six bereaved primary caregivers of cancer patients were recruited over a period of 18 months. The psychometric properties of the scale were explored by confirmatory factor analysis. Results provided support for a one factor solution. The discriminant and convergent validity of the responses to the scale were also supported. Future studies should further establish the validity of the scale with larger sample sizes and different populations of caregivers of patients with other terminal diseases.

scholarly journals A Review on Bioactivities of Tobacco Cembranoid Diterpenes

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Yan ◽  
Yongmei Du ◽  
Xinmin Liu ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Yanhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Product Chemistry

Cembranoids are carbocyclic diterpenes comprising four isoprene units and are natural products with a parent skeleton consisting of a 14-membered ring. They have gained wide interest in recent years and are a major hotspot in the research of natural product chemistry. Since 1962, various tobacco cembranoid diterpenes have been identified. This review systematically discusses and summarises the excellent antimicrobial, insecticidal, cytotoxic and neuroprotective activities of tobacco cembranoid diterpenes. These compounds show potential to be developed as botanical fungicides, cytotoxic drugs and drugs for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are relatively few studies on the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of tobacco cembranoid diterpenes. Therefore, future studies should focus on their structural modification, SAR and biogenic relationships.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Natural Product Lipoxazolidinone A

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Mills ◽  
Kaylib R. Robinson ◽  
Troy E. Zehnder ◽  
Joshua G. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Marine Natural Products ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
Synthesis And Biological Evaluation

The lipoxazolidinone family of marine natural products, with an unusual 4-oxazolidinone heterocycle at their core, represents a new scaffold for antimicrobial discovery; however, questions regarding their mechanism of action and high lipophilicity have likely slowed follow-up studies. Herein, we report the first synthesis of lipoxazolidinone A, 15 structural analogs to explore its active pharmacophore, and initial resistance and mechanism of action studies. These results suggest that 4-oxazolidinones are valuable scaffolds for antimicrobial development and reveal simplified lead compounds for further optimization.

Unzipping Natural Products: Improved Natural Product Structure Predictions by Ensemble Modeling and Fingerprint Matching

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Shirley ◽  
Brian P. Kelley ◽  
Yohann Potier ◽  
John H. Koschwanez ◽  
Robert Bruccoleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
Fingerprint Matching ◽  
Ensemble Modeling ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Source Gene

This pre-print explores ensemble modeling of natural product targets to match chemical structures to precursors found in large open-source gene cluster repository antiSMASH. Commentary on method, effectiveness, and limitations are enclosed. All structures are public domain molecules and have been reviewed for release.

Protective Effect of Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa Oil Extracts against Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. ◽  
Hassan F. ◽  
Batool S. ◽  
Nadeem M. ◽  
Irshad M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Elevated Blood Glucose

The objective of present study was to analyze and compare the nephroprotective effects of petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Nigella sativa and Silybum marianum in Swiss albino mice. Petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Nigella sativa and Silybum marianum were administered (200 mg kg–1) orally for 14 days following one dose of cisplatin injection (16 mg kg–1 i.p.) on 4th day. Cisplatin toxicity was identified in mice by loss of body weight, reduced triglycerides levels, elevated blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels (P < 0.05). Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa significantly enhanced the body weight (9%) of diabetic rats. Silybum marianum had significantly reduced the elevated blood glucose (–106%), and BUN levels (–9%) as compared to the Nigella sativa administration. Silybum marianum extract also significantly elevated the levels of triglycerides (257%) which were much reduced after the cisplatin injection. Histological study showed that the cisplatin treated group demonstrated the necrosis signs in the glomerulus of Bowman’s capsule, hyalinization and severe cellular damage. The animals administered with extracts showed nearly normal kidney architecture, however, the kidney tissues of Silybum marianum-treated animals showed some improvement with slight signs of cellular damages.

Recent Progress Towards Synthesis of the Indolizidine Alkaloid 195B

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Zohreh kheilkordi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Biological Perspective ◽  
Highly Active

Background: Natural products have been received attention due to their importance in human life as those are biologically active. In this review, there are some reports through different methods related to the synthesis of the indolizidine 195B which was extracted from poisonous frog; however, due to respect nature, the synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidine has been attracted much attention among scientists and researchers. Objective: This review discloses the procedures and methods to provide indolizidine 195B from 1989 to 2018 due to their importance as a natural product. Conclusion: There are several methods to give rise to the indolizidine 195B as a natural product that is highly active from the biological perspective in pharmaceutical chemistry. In summary, many protocols for the preparations of indolizidine 195B from various substrates, several reagents, and conditions have been reported from different aromatic and aliphatic.

Recent applications of asymmetric organocatalytic annulation reactions in natural product synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nengzhong Wang ◽  
Zugen Wu ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Nisar Ullah ◽  
Yixin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Natural Product Synthesis ◽  
Natural Products Synthesis

A comprehensive and updated summary of asymmetric organocatalytic annulation reactions is presented; in particular, the applications of these annulation strategies to natural products synthesis are highlighted.

scholarly journals Chemical Elicitors Induce Rare Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Deep-Sea Bacteria under Laboratory Conditions

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Rafael de Felício ◽  
Patricia Ballone ◽  
Cristina Freitas Bazzano ◽  
Luiz F. G. Alves ◽  
Renata Sigrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Bacterial Metabolites ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Deep Sea Bacteria

Bacterial genome sequencing has revealed a vast number of novel biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) with potential to produce bioactive natural products. However, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by bacteria is often silenced under laboratory conditions, limiting the controlled expression of natural products. Here we describe an integrated methodology for the construction and screening of an elicited and pre-fractionated library of marine bacteria. In this pilot study, chemical elicitors were evaluated to mimic the natural environment and to induce the expression of cryptic BGCs in deep-sea bacteria. By integrating high-resolution untargeted metabolomics with cheminformatics analyses, it was possible to visualize, mine, identify and map the chemical and biological space of the elicited bacterial metabolites. The results show that elicited bacterial metabolites correspond to ~45% of the compounds produced under laboratory conditions. In addition, the elicited chemical space is novel (~70% of the elicited compounds) or concentrated in the chemical space of drugs. Fractionation of the crude extracts further evidenced minor compounds (~90% of the collection) and the detection of biological activity. This pilot work pinpoints strategies for constructing and evaluating chemically diverse bacterial natural product libraries towards the identification of novel bacterial metabolites in natural product-based drug discovery pipelines.

scholarly journals Applications of the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination in modern natural product synthesis

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Roman ◽  
Maria Sauer ◽  
Christine Beemelmanns
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Natural Product Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Modern Natural ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Here, we have summarized more than 30 representative natural product syntheses published in 2015 to 2020 that employ one or more Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reactions. We comprehensively describe the applied phosphonate reagents, HWE reaction conditions and key steps of the total synthetic approaches. Our comprehensive review will support future synthetic approaches and serve as guideline to find the best HWE conditions for the most complicated natural products known

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