The level of blood lead painter workers Rafsanjan city and its correlation with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 2019

Introduction: Painters are exposed to various chemical harmful agents such as lead particles in paints. Some studies have suggested a possible association of occupational exposure that may cause cardiovascular effects. Lead is absorbed through the body through the skin, skin, and respiratory tract and penetrates some tissues. Considering the importance of labor health in each country's development and progress, this study was conducted to determine the amount of lead in the blood of painters in Rafsanjan in 2019. Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study of the descriptive type conducted in 1397 on 77 painters of Rafsanjan city. Data collection was done in two stages, in the first stage, based on a checklist that included demographic information, and in the second stage by performing laboratory tests. Finally, by recording the data in SPSS software, quantitative data was reported as a "mean ± standard deviation" and qualitative information as a "number (percent)". Results: Of the 77 painter workers, the youngest is 21, and the oldest is 70 years old. A total of 20 people (26%) had a family history of heart attacks. The highest amount of lead in the blood of painters was reported to be 30.7 micrograms per deciliter, and the level of lead was most correlated with blood sugar. Sixty people (77.9%) painters used personal protective equipment. 49.4% of the study's painters wore work clothes, and 28.6% used gloves while working. Lead levels are directly related to blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, age, work experience, and blood sugar levels were most correlated with the level of lead in painters' blood. Conclusion: This study's findings show that due to the increase in the work experience of painters, their blood lead level has also increased, and the blood sugar level has had the highest correlation with the lead level in the painters' blood.

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Blood Lead Levels and Associated Sociodemographic Factors among Children Aged 3 to 14 Years Living near Zinc and Lead Mines in Two Provinces in Vietnam

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/5597867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Thi Giang Hoang ◽

Quang Phuc Tran ◽

Van Tung Lo ◽

Ngoc Hai Doan ◽

Thu Ha Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Lead Contamination ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional

Lead poisoning in children is a major public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 403 children aged from 3 to 14 years living nearly zinc–lead mining areas in two provinces in Vietnam (Bac Kan and Thai Nguyen) from 06/2016 to 10/2016 to identify risk factors for lead contamination. Results. The proportion of children with blood lead levels BLLs ≥ 10 μg/dL was 80.51% in Bac Kan and 50% in Thai Nguyen; the mean blood lead level for children was 14.41 ± 9.42 μg/dL. In linear regression analyses, the body mass index was negatively associated with elevated BLLs with r = − 0.404 , p < 0.05 (95% CI: -0.801, -0.006). In multivariable regression analysis, several risk factors were associated with lead contamination including male sex ( aOR = 2.44 , 95% CI: 1.13-5.24, p = 0.02 ), play areas in Bac Kan ( aOR = 2.3 (1.02-5.17), p = 0.04 ), proximity of children’s home of less than 2 kilometers from the mine ( aOR = 2.90 (1.54-5.44), p = 0.001 ), and inattentive symptoms in Thai Nguyen ( aOR = 7.85 , 95% CI 3.49-17.69, p = 0.001 ). Environmental factors, including lead concentrations in the soil and ambient air samples in both locations, are many times higher than Vietnamese standards.

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Study of the impact of blood lead level on humoral immunity in humans

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1191/0748233702th129oa ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M ohammad Ayatollahi

Keyword(s):

Blood Lead Level ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

System A ◽

Organ Systems ◽

The Impact

The objective was to study the impact of blood lead level (BLL) on serum immunoglobulin levels (SIL; IgG, IgM, IgA) in people with high-risk professions. It has been characterized that BLL / 25 g/dL can cause dysfunctions in different organ systems of the body, such as the immune system. A cross-sectional study was carried out in relation to this, by using a pretested questionnaire to collect data on demographic factors and socioeconomic status, which was completed by subjects studied, such as car battery shop workers, car painters and welders of car radiators and exhausts, printing office workers (typesetters and nontypesetters) who were aged between 15 and 70 years. Venous blood was sampled to measure the BLL (by atomic absorption spectroscopy) and SIL (by SRID). The results, when analysed, suggested a reduction in SIL with emphasis on IgG in comparison with standard levels.

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Correlation between intakes of carbohydrates, protein, and fat with random blood sugar levels in menopausal women

Frontiers of Nursing ◽

10.1515/fon-2018-0041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 77-80

Author(s):

Ni Wayan Suniyadewi ◽

G.N Indraguna Pinatih

Keyword(s):

Blood Sugar ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Primary Energy ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Random Blood Sugar ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

The Difference ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Sugar Levels

Abstract Objective Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are energy sources needed by the body for performing daily activities and generating primary energy substances. In women who have undergone menopause, the function of thyroid hormone in their body begins to decline and thus affects the ability of the body to produce energy. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the intakes of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats and random blood sugar levels in menopausal women. Methods This study was a correlational analytical research with a cross-sectional design, which was conducted in 72 menopausal women recruited by the purposive sampling technique. In this study, a 24-hour food recall form was used, and randomized blood sugar levels were measured using a glucometer. The analysis of the data was performed using a Pearson product moment and multiple linear regression. Results Carbohydrates and fats together affected random blood sugar levels with an F-value of 25.810 and a p-value of 0.000. Meanwhile, adjusted R2 showed the value of 0.411, indicating that the difference in the intake of carbohydrates and fats together affected random blood sugar levels by 41.1%. Conclusions Intake of carbohydrates and fats affected random blood sugar levels, whereas the rest were influenced by other factors, and protein intake was unrelated to random blood sugar levels in menopausal women.

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Evaluation of blood lead among painters of buildings and cars

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/07482337211042731 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 074823372110427

Author(s):

Ali Ghaffarian-Bahraman ◽

Alireza Taherifard ◽

Abbas Esmaeili ◽

Hassan Ahmadinia ◽

Mohsen Rezaeian

Keyword(s):

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

The Mean ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Exposure to lead-based paints is a major threat to the health of painters. This study aimed to evaluate the blood concentration of lead (Pb) in painters of buildings and cars. The present study was a cross-sectional study in which a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic information. Lead concentration in blood samples was determined using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. A total of 32 male painters were selected based on inclusion criteria. The mean blood lead level (BLL) in the painters was 8.1 ± 4.93 μg/dL. Pb levels in car and building painters were 9.42 ± 5.5 μg/dL and 6.7 ± 1.85 μg/dL, respectively. Pb concentration in none of the blood samples was more than 30 μg/dL. The prevalence of BLL ≥ 5 μg/dL and BLL ≥ 10 μg/dL was 97% and 19%, respectively. According to the findings, the rate of BLL among car painters was higher than building painters. Considering the presence of Pb in all blood samples, it seems necessary to increase the awareness of painters about the adverse effects of lead exposure even in low concentrations. However, the sample size in this study was small and more investigations are required in this regard.

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Examining the relationship between blood lead level and stunting, wasting and underweight- A cross-sectional study of children under 2 years-of-age in a Bangladeshi slum

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0197856 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. e0197856 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohammad Jyoti Raihan ◽

Emily Briskin ◽

Mustafa Mahfuz ◽

M. Munirul Islam ◽

Dinesh Mondal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Lead Level ◽

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

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Environmental Lead Exposure, Catalase Gene, and Markers of Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress Relation to Hypertension: An Analysis Based on the EGAT Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/856319 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jintana Sirivarasai ◽

Sukhumpun Kaojarern ◽

Suwannee Chanprasertyothin ◽

Pachara Panpunuan ◽

Krittaya Petchpoung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lead Exposure ◽

Blood Lead Level ◽

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oxidative Stress Marker ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cat Gene

Lead has been linked to the development of hypertension via oxidative stress. Catalase plays an important role in the disposal of hydrogen peroxide in erythrocyte and its activity was determined by CAT gene. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) the association between blood levels of antioxidant markers such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, oxidative stress-marker (malondialdehyde), and blood lead level and (2) the influence of genetic polymorphism of CAT gene (rs769217) on change in blood pressure in general population of EGAT study project. This is a cross-sectional study of 332 normotensive, 432 prehypertensive, and 222 hypertensive male subjects. Hypertensive subjects had significantly higher blood lead level (5.28 μg/dL) compared to normotensive (4.41 μg/dL) and prehypertensive (4.55 μg/dL) subjects (P<0.05). These significant findings are also found in MDA levels. Moreover, individuals with TT genotype in hypertensive group had significantly higher blood lead and MDA levels (6.06 μg/dL and 9.67 μmol/L) than those with CC genotype (5.32 μg/dL and 8.31 μmol/L,P<0.05). Our findings suggested that decreased blood catalase activity in this polymorphism together with low level lead exposure induced lipid peroxidation may be responsible for hypertension.

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Proximity of residence to an old mineral storage site in Chile and blood lead levels in children

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00023515 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Loreto Lisboa ◽

José Klarián ◽

Rosario Toro Campos ◽

Verónica Iglesias

Keyword(s):

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Storage Site ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exposure Variable ◽

Lead Levels

Evidence suggests that an old mineral storage site removed in 1998 due to high lead content, remains as a source of exposure in the city of Antofagasta, Chile. The aim was to determine the association between blood lead levels in children and the residential proximity to the old mineral storage site. A cross sectional study was conducted with 185 children aged 7 to 16 years. The outcome variable was blood lead levels measured in 2005. The exposure variable was the distance between the current residence and the old mineral storage site. The distance was measured in meters by Geographic Information System (GIS). The median blood lead level in 2005 was 3.3μg/dL (interquartile range ‒ IQR: 2.0-4.3). A significant inverse association was found between the residential distance to the old mineral storage site and the blood lead levels in children, after adjusting by confounders (β: -0.04; 95%CI: -0.09; -0.01). This result suggests that the old mineral storage site continues to be a source of lead exposure for the children living nearby.

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RELATIONSHIP OF MORINGA LEAF CONSUMPTION HABITS AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL IN MUNA TRIBE IN INDONESIA

Public Health of Indonesia ◽

10.36685/phi.v6i3.343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 85-93

Author(s):

Rita Irma ◽

Emi Widianingsih ◽

Rasmaniar Rasmaniar

Keyword(s):

Blood Sugar ◽

Blood Sugar Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Leaf Consumption ◽

Gender Education ◽

Working Status ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

Relationship Of

Background: In Indonesia, the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has increased. DM can have a significant impact on health that requires serious countermeasures. Moringa leaves have been extensively studied in terms of their efficacy in the treatment and prevention of DM.Objective: To identify the relationship between the habit of consuming Moringa leaves and blood sugar levels of Muna tribe.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study design conducted among local people in the Muna tribe community at Gunung Jati sub-district, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. A total of 81 people was participated selected using a proportional random sampling.Results: The average of frequency consumption of Moringa leaves among Muna tribe was one time a day, with consumption as much as 160 grams/day. The average of normal blood sugar was 103.5 mg/dl. There was no relationship between age, gender, education, working status with the frequency and amount of Moringa leaf intake. Similarly, analysis of blood sugar based on characteristics, there was no relationship between gender, education, working status with blood sugar, but there was a significant relationship between age and blood sugar (p=0.00). There was no relationship between the frequency and amount of moringa leaf intake with blood sugar levels.Conclusion: There was no relationship between the habit of consuming Moringa leaves both in terms of characteristics and blood sugar level among Muna people in the Gunung Jati, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.

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Assessment of dentists' knowledge and practice regarding the principles of protection against ionizing radiation

Yafteh Lorestan University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32592/yafteh.2021.23.4.8 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 97-105

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Radiation Protection ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Work Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Knowledge And Practice ◽

And Performance

Background: Today, the use of dental radiography equipment in dental centers has increased due to its high application in the diagnosis of dental diseases. As a result, concerns are increasing regarding repeated exposure to this low dose level of radiation. Therefore, the knowledge and practice of dentists about radiation protection are essential for themselves and the patients. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of dentists about radiation protection. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed based on a questionnaire in several cities of Iran. The first part of the questionnaire included such information as gender, years of work experience, and participation in radiation protection workshops. The second, third, and fourth sections consisted of questions on radiobiology, radiation protection, and performance, respectively. Results: In this study, 94 dentists participated, and the mean scores of dentists (out of 5 points) for radiobiology knowledge, radiation protection knowledge, and performance were obtained at 2.66±1.1, 2.80±1.01, and 2.87±1.37, respectively. The results of Pearson analysis showed that general knowledge had a significant relationship with performance (P=0.014). There was also a significant relationship between the history of participation in radiation protection workshops and performance (P=0.01). Conclusion: It was found that more knowledge about the effects of ionizing radiation on the body and more awareness of the principles of radiation protection would help dentists to better observe the practical principles of radiation protection. Also, participating in radiation protection workshops could increase dentists' knowledge, and therefore, improve their performance.

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AKTIVITAS FISIK, DURASI PENYAKIT DAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) TIPE 2

Jurnal GIZIDO ◽

10.47718/gizi.v12i1.907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 18-26

Author(s):

Yessi Alza ◽

Yuliana Arsil ◽

Yessi Marlina ◽

Lidya Novita ◽

Niken Dwi Agustin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

The Body ◽

Activity Level ◽

Fasting Blood Sugar ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sugar Levels

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by the inability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin, or the body cannot effectively use the insulin produced by the pancreas. Regular aerobic physical activity in people with a diagnosis of DM can improve insulin sensitivity. The prevalence of DM in Indonesia based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 is 10.9% while in Riau province occupies the third-highest rank in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the description of physical activity and blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Sidomulyo Health Center, Pekanbaru City. This study is descriptive with cross-sectional design. The sampling technique in this study was a total sampling of 24 people with DM type 2. Data collection for physical activity variables was carried out using a questionnaire included in PAL (Physical Activity Level). Measurement of blood sugar levels in patients with DM is done by taking respondent capillary blood then measured using a glucometer (Easy Touch GCU). Univariate analysis was carried out to analyze the variables of physical activity and blood sugar levels which were then presented in the form of frequency distribution tables and narratives. The results showed a description of the level of physical activity in respondents who suffer from DM as many as 16 people (66.7%) with mild physical activity levels, and 8 people (33.3%) with moderate levels of physical activity. Description of fasting blood sugar levels of respondents as many as 19 people (79.2%) had controlled fasting blood sugar levels, and 5 people (20.8%) had uncontrolled fasting blood sugar levels.

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