scholarly journals The Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On The Serum Levels Of Some Antioxidants (Vitamin C And E ) Amongst Male Smokers In Levels In College Of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Okwara John Ekenedilichukwu ◽  
Ibe Chukwuemeka Solomon ◽  
Ogbodo Emmanue Chukwuemeka ◽  
Analike Rosemary Adamma ◽  
Onyegbule Onyema Athanatius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Smoking has been identified as one of the major risk factors in human diseases such as atherosclerosis and several cancers. This study investigated the effect of smoking on vitamin C and E levels in male cigarette smokers in College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State. A total of 100 subjects comprising of (50 smokers and controls) each were recruited for the study. A well structured questionnaire was used in obtaining the demographic and anthropometric data as well as dietary pattern of subjects. Thereafter, 5mls of blood sample was collected from subjects and used for the evaluation biochemical parameters. Biochemical parameters (vitamin C and E levels) were estimated using standard methods and results subjected to statistical analysis using student t-test and Pearson r correlation. The results show a significant decrease in the mean serum levels of Vitamins C (0.82±0.33 vs 1.49±0.25; p=0.000) and E (12.36±1.61 vs15.61±1.91; p=0.000) in smokers compared with non smokers respectively. More so, there was a significant positive correlation between BMI and serum level of Vitamin C (r=0.345; P=0.014) and E (r=0.187; P=0.024) in cigarette smokers. In conclusion, the study revealed the deleterious effects of cigarette smoking on serum levels of vitamins C and E in smokers. Hence, there is need for proper dietary management in patients.

scholarly journals Effect Of Short Term Aerobic Exercise (Football Training) On Lipid Profile And Myoglobin Levels In Apparently Healthy Students Of College Of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezeugwunne Ifeoma Priscilla ◽  
Chukwu Goodness Nkechinyere ◽  
Ogbodo Emmanuel Chukwuemeka ◽  
Analike Rosemary Adamma ◽  
Onyegbule Onyema Athanatius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apparently Healthy

This study investigated the effect of short term aerobic exercise on lipid profile and myoglobin levels in apparently healthy students of College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of 60 apparently healthy young students aged between 18-40 years were randomly selected for the study. They were rested for a period of two weeks after which they were subjected to football exercise for 30 minutes (3 times) in a week for a period of 3 weeks. The demographic and anthropometric data of subjects were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Their blood pressures reading were obtained also. Thereafter, 5mls of baseline (day 0) and post-exercise (day 21) blood samples were collected from each subject before the commencement and at the end of the exercise on the last day of the training into a plain container for estimation of biochemical parameters (TG, TC, LDL, HDL, Myoglobin levels) respectively using standard methods. Data obtained were statistically analysed by unpaired student t-test and Pearson r correlation. The result showed that the mean serum levels of TG (1.41±0.60 vs 1.04±0.43) TC (5.22±0.98 vs 4.41± 0.90), LDL (3.92±0.99 vs 3.36±0.92) as well as myoglobin (16.04± 4.64 vs 13.38±5.21) and DBP (75.16±10.54 vs 68.59±8.57) were significantly decreased, whereas, there was a significant increase in the mean serum level of HDL (0.83± 0.30 vs 0.95±0.28) and SBP (114.69±9.21 vs 131.48±12.84) in subjects after exercise when compared to before exercise (p<0.05). However, the mean BMI of the subjects remained the same before and after exercise (p>0.05). Therefore, short term moderate intensity aerobic exercise could be of importance in prevention and management of cardiovascular disease

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Levels of LP-PLA2 and CA-242 in Adult Male Cigarette Smokers in Nnewi Metropolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
P.O Manafa ◽  
◽  
N.B Nwankwo ◽  
Ekuma Okereke O ◽  
G.O Chukwuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Ca 242 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cigarette smoking is a behavioural lifestyle in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed into the body system. Thus, cigarette smoking is a known public health challenge given the number of tobacco-related diseases like hypertension, lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) etc. leading to increased mortality in developed and developing countries. Notwithstanding that the effects of smoking are well documented, individuals who practice cigarette smoking are still on the increase most especially in the developing countries. Study Design/Aim: This was a cross-sectional study designed to evaluate the serum levels of Cancer Antigen-242 (CA-242) and Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in adult male smokers in Nnewi Metropolis, as emerging inflammatory biomarkers. Materials and methods: A total of 135 subjects aged between 16-65 years were selected for this study. They were classified into 2 major groups (test and control); comprising of 85 cigarette smokers (55 and 30 as test subjects for the evaluation of CA-242 and Lp-PLA2) respectively and 50 non-cigarette smokers (35 and 15 as control subjects for CA-242 and Lp-PLA2 evaluations) respectively. A well-structured questionnaire was used for the collation of information from the participants. Results: the mean serum level of Lp-PLA2 was significantly elevated (P<0.05) in cigarette smokers (67.52±27.29) compared with the non-smokers (63.63±20.81). While the serum level of CA-242 among smokers (1.77±0.70) was of no significant difference (P=0.711) when compared with the non-smokers (1.81±0.20). More so, the mean serum levels of Lp-PLA2 correlated positively with the duration of smoking (r=0.297) and age (r=0.085) in male cigarette smokers. However, there were negative relationships when CA-242 were correlated with duration of smoking (r = -0.156) and age of smokers (r=-0.155). Conclusion: The increased level of Lp-PLA2 along with its positive correlation with other traditional markers like age and smoking duration suggests that Lp-PLA2 is a suitable biomarker to predict cardiac related diseases among cigarette smokers. This is because, Lp-PLA2 is a more specific cardiac predictor compared to the non-specific conventional biomarkers. We therefore suggest that Lp-PLA2 as an independent advanced predictor of cardiovascular disease be further evaluated using follow-up studies with better sample size in CVDs related cases

LEVELS OF VITAMIN C IN CHAIN SMOKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simerpreet Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin

Introduction: Cigarette smoking induces many chronic illnesses, but in developed countries it is a preventable risk factor. However, by increasing the protective protection mechanism, it may be possible to alleviate the smoke-induced damage. As smoking risk is minimised by vitamin C intake, it is recommended that smokers should take more vitamin C. This inverse correlation between both vitamin C intake and serum levels and smoking was independent of age, sex, body weight, ethnicity, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The negative association between cigarette smoking and serum vitamin C levels continued, following further adjustment for dietary vitamin C intake. The risk of severe hypovitaminosis C, especially when not accompanied by vitamin supplementation, has been increased in smokers. These data indicate that the inverse relationship between smoking and serum vitamin C levels exists independently of dietary intake, while smoking adversely affects preferences for vitamin C rich foods. Methods: A survey method was performed, with 50 smokers (S) receiving either 500 mg of vitamin C or placebo (P) daily for 4 weeks, and 50 non-smokers receiving vitamin C without supplementation. All finished the hearing. Both groups were equal and C: 14.2 + /- 1.8 pack-years was the amount of cigarettes smoked. Concentrations of plasma vitamin C increased significantly (p < 0.005) only in the vitamin C supplement community.  Results: At SMHRC Hospital Nagpur, we examined the relationship between smoking and vitamin C status, dietary and serum vitamin C levels of 100 participants. Smokers of 20 cigarettes a day had the lowest dietary intake of vitamin C and serum levels, whereas smokers of 1-19 cigarettes a day had lower intake of vitamin C and serum levels (compared to respondents who had never smoked. This inverse correlation between vitamin C and smoking intake and serum levels was independent of age, sex, body weight, race, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The negative association between cigarette smoking and serum vitamin C levels continued, following further adjustment for dietary vitamin C intake. In smokers, the risk of severe hypo-vitaminosis C, particularly when not accompanied by vitamin supplementation, has increased. Conclusion: These data indicate that the inverse relationship between smoking and serum vitamin C levels exists independently of dietary intake, while smoking adversely affects preferences for vitamin C rich foods. A balanced diet for smokers will obtain a hearty recommendation at this time, but guidelines should remain cautious about high-dose nutrition supplements. Keywords: Chain Smoker, Vitamin C, hypo-vitaminosis C and cigarette.

scholarly journals Environmental Health Hazards and Rural Community Development in Abia State of Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Modebelu ◽  
Edward Isiwu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
State Government ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
State University ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study assessed the influence of environmental hazards on the development of rural communities in Abia State. Three research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study was 1,772 executive members of 175 Community Development Associations from where a sample of five hundred and nine executive members from 70 Community Development Associations was drawn. Self-structured questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. It was face validated by two experts in Educational Administration and Educational Measurement/ Evaluation from Abia State University, Uturu. The reliability of the instrument was tested on 25 executive members of Ayamele and Ifite-Ogwari Community Development Associations, both are Local Government Areas in Anambra State. Reliability coefficient of 0.88 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha estimate. The data were analyzed by computing and comparing the mean scores and standard deviation. Also, the null hypotheses were tested using t-test statistics. The findings of the study revealed the influence of deforestation, agricultural development and industries and technology on the environment. The study therefore recommended among others that Abia State Government should organize seminars, workshop and conferences for Community Development Associations executive members and other community leaders on the issues concerning environmental protection.

scholarly journals Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Masmali ◽  
Adil Al-Shehri ◽  
Saud A. Alanazi ◽  
Ali Abusharaha ◽  
Raied Fagehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the ocular tear film. Methods. Thirty healthy young male cigarette smokers (20–38 years old) and 30 healthy age matched nonsmokers were enrolled in the study. McMonnies questionnaire, slit lamp, and PRT test were used to screen the subjects. Tear samples were collected from the right eyes and tear ferning patterns were observed and graded. Results. The mean MacMonnies scores and TF grades were significantly higher in the smoker subjects (mean ± SD = 9.83±5.22 and 0.96±0.54, resp.) compared to nonsmokers (mean ± SD = 5.96±3.06 and 0.41±0.38, resp.). The mean values obtained from PRT and TBUT tests were 22.23±6.35 mm and 12.17±3.81 s for smokers and 22.16±5.63 mm and 14.13±2.62 s for nonsmokers, respectively. Strong correlations were found between MacMonnies scores and both PRT (r=0.596) and TF (r=0.516). There was statistically significant difference in TF grades (p=0.00), TBUT (p=0.036) and McMonnies (p=0.02) between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion. Cigarette smoking could have a significant effect on the tear film quality of the eye.

Death Anxiety: Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Cigarette Smoking

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald I. Templer
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Neuroticism Scale

There were significant positive correlations between the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) and the Neuroticism Scale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory but not with the Extraversion Scale of this inventory. The mean DAS score of cigarette smokers was neither significantly different from that of non-smokers nor from that of ex-smokers. However, within the cigarette smoking group, there was a significant negative correlation (r = −.25) between DAS score and number of cigarettes smoked per day.

Protective effect of chrysin on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)—induced tissue injury in male Wistar rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 923-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvi Velayutham Anand ◽  
Ramalingam Anandhi ◽  
Murugesan Pakkiyaraj ◽  
Pitchairaj Geraldine
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

Chrysin, a natural flavonoid has been reported to possess potent anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and antioxidation properties. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the putative protective effect of chrysin, an isoflavone, on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 (2 ml/kg) to rats for 4 days resulted in significantly elevated ( p < 0.05) serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), when compared to normal rats. In addition, the tissues (liver, kidney and brain) and haemolysate samples showed considerable increase in levels ( p < 0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lowered levels ( p < 0.05) of reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and E when compared to values in normal rats. Quantitative analysis of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) exhibited lower activities of these antioxidant enzymes in the tissues and haemolysate of CCl4-administered rats. The protective action of chrysin on CCl4-induced rat was demonstrated with SGPT, SGOT, ALP and LDH resuming to near normal levels, while the mean levels of GSH and of vitamin C and E were elevated, the mean activities of CAT, SOD and Gpx were enhanced and the mean level of MDA was lowered in the tissue and haemolysate samples when compared to the CCl4-exposed untreated rats. The expression of the iNOS gene appeared to be up-regulated in the liver and kidney samples of CCl4-exposed untreated rats, whereas in CCl4-exposed chrysin-treated rats, the mRNA transcript levels of iNOS approximated normal levels. These results strongly suggest that chrysin is able to prevent the oxidative damage induced by CCl4 in the liver, brain, kidney and haemolysate of male Wistar rats.

Serum Osteopontin Growth hormone , and Other Biochemical Parameters in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1169-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atheer A. Mehde ◽  
Wesen A. Mehdi ◽  
Karima F. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
The Mean

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a custom of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells categorized by excess lymphoblasts and Chemotherapy is the initial treatment of choice. Most ALL patients will receive a combination of different treatments.Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein that cooperates with a variety of cell surface receptors, as well as several integrins and CD44. OPN is secreted by numerous human malignancies. We aimed to evaluate serum levels of osteopontin and growth hormone(GH) in patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. We studied serum levels of OPN ,GH and other biochemical levels of 60 patients that diagnosis as  acute lymphoblastic leukemia.      The mean levels of OPN were significantly higher in patients (10.00± 1.15 ng/ml) than in control (7.62± 0.60 ng/ml). The mean levels of GH levels were significantly lower in patients (2.98± 0.51ng/dl) than in control  (6.02± 1.00 ng/dl. The mean levels of the iron and total protein  in ALL patients  were (95.78± 10.11 µg/dl), (6.08 ± 1.16 g/dl)respectively. The present study  showed a significant  negative correlation between GH with  osteopontin (OPN) ,while there a positive significant  correlate  between GH with  hemoglobin  in patients group compared to control group. The present study Conclude that elevated levels of osteopontin and decreased GH levels at the diagnosis may predict an unfavorable result in  ALL childhood .

Comparison of Genotoxic Effect in Buccal Exfoliated Cells between Cigarette and Waterpipe Smokers

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Rajabi-Moghaddam ◽  
Mohammad Haji Mirzamohammad ◽  
Elham Yahyazadeh ◽  
Hemmat Gholinia ◽  
Hamid Abbaszadeh
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Epithelial ◽  
Control Study

Background/Aim: Cytogenetic biomarkers such as micronuclei (MN) are used for the evaluation of exposure to carcinogens and genotoxic effects in oral epithelial cells. Tobacco is one of the strongest carcinogens responsible for the development of cancer in oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to compare the genotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking with that of cigarette smoking. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 30 waterpipe smokers, 30 cigarette smokers, and 30 nonsmokers. Buccal exfoliated cells were prepared using cytobrushes and stained with the Papanicolaou technique. The cytologic slides were examined under a light microscope for counting the number of MN and the number of cells with MN per 1,000 epithelial cells. Results: The mean number ± standard deviation (SD) of MN in waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and nonsmokers was 7.55 ± 5.530, 4.95 ± 5.633, and 2.00 ± 2.406, respectively. The mean number ± SD of cells with MN in waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and nonsmokers was 6.20 ± 4.830, 3.50 ± 3.832, and 1.45 ± 1.701, respectively. Numbers of cells with MN differed significantly between waterpipe smokers and cigarette smokers (p = 0.04) and between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.001). Numbers of MN differed significantly between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.001). Numbers of MN did not differ significantly between waterpipe smokers and cigarette smokers (p = 0.10). Numbers of MN and of cells with MN did not differ significantly between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers (p = 0.06 and p = 0.052, respectively). Conclusions: Waterpipe smoking is associated with a significantly higher frequency of MN, and it seems that waterpipe smoking has a greater genotoxic effect than cigarette smoking.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Osteopontin Biochemical Parameters and BMD Status in Iraqi Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 2494-2503
Author(s):  
Hadeer H. Shamsulddin ◽  
Lina A. Salih ◽  
Samia A. Eleiwe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
The Mean

Osteopontin hormone (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein that is expressed in bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts and associated with bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.      The aim of the study is to investigate serum levels of circulating OPN and its relationship with biochemical parameters and BMD in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in Iraq. Serum samples from fifty postmenopausal women were selected from patients attending two educational hospitals in Baghdad, which are AL Wasity Educational Hospital and Baghdad Educational Hospital, during the period from November 2018 to March 2019. Twenty five postmenopausal healthy women were included as a control group. The studied subjects’ ages were in the range of 45-65 years. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was the device used to measure bone mineral density and diagnose osteoporosis in both groups. Blood samples were collected from each participant for measuring the serum levels of biochemical parameters (P, Alp, Ca, and OPN)      The results of the demographic parameters showed a significant (P≤0.05) increase in mean values of age, menopause duration, and duration of productive life in the patients as compared to the control group. Also, strong positive correlations between patients and the control were recorded in age and duration of productive age, with a weak inverse correlation in menopause duration. While a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in the mean value of body mass index (BMI), BMD, and T-score as compared to the control. The correlation in BMI was weak significant positive while in the other two parameters it was weak significant inverse.      The results of the present study showed non-significant differences (P ≥0.05) between the patients and control group for serum biochemical parameters. It was also noticed that there was a significant (P≤0.05) increase in the mean value of osteopontin hormone level in the patients as compared to the control, with a weak significant inverse (p≤0.05) correlation.

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