Clinical and immunological parallels in patients with infertility and chronic endometritis before and after exogenous cytokine therapy

This article is a review of publications devoted to the treatment of chronic endometritis and methods of its prevention. Methods of empiric therapy, standards of antibacterial therapy, and modern guidelines for treatment under development (colonystimulating factor, immunotherapy, amplipulse therapy) are presented. Key words: infertility, miscarriage, colony-stimulating factor, chronic endometritis, cytokine therapy

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Immunocytochemical characteristic of the endometrial mucosa HIV-infected women

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2020.6.200456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 62-67

Author(s):

Irina N. Vorobtsova ◽

Natalya I. Tapilskaya ◽

Elena S. Orlova ◽

Nikolay N. Rukhlyada ◽

Sergei N. Proshin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Immunocytochemical Study ◽

Uterine Epithelial Cells ◽

Chronic Endometritis ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Parallel Group ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Before And After ◽

Hiv Negative

Relevance. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is an independent factor in reduced fertility and a risk factor for miscarriage. There are some date an endometrial receptivity of HIV-infected patients has changed that plays an important role in embryo invasion, but the true reasons for the decrease in fertility rate in HIV infection remain unknown. Aim. Study of the expression of CD20, CD56 and TLR9 antigens on uterine epithelial cells of HIV-infected patients and the effectiveness of treatment for chronic endometritis by sodium nucleospermate. Materials and methods. This parallel-group study was done at two centres in the Russia. Participants were adults women aged 26 to 49 years (mean age 33.352.9 years), who were HIV-infected (n=12) and HIV-negative (22). An immunocytochemical study of endometrial biopsies taken on the 710th day of the menstrual cycle before and after treatment was done. The course of treatment with sodium nucleospermate was 42 days. Results. The expression level of CD56 and TLR9 in HIV-infected patients was 7.640.92% and 0.330.18%, respectively, and significantly differed from the expression levels in HIV-seronegative patients. There was a decrease in the expression levels of CD20 and CD56 and an increase in the expression levels of TLR9 in all groups of patients after treatment with sodium nucleospermate. Conclusion. A decrease TLR9 expression on uterine epithelial cells in HIV-infected patients showing lack of ability of innate immunity to eliminate pathogens associated with subclinical inflammation and it correlates with an increase in the expression of markers of chronic endometritis.

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The clinical effectiveness of impulse electrotherapy in the complex treatment of patients with chronic endometritis

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kmj2149 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 72-76

Author(s):

V E Radzinskiy ◽

Yu A Petrov ◽

M L Polina

Keyword(s):

Short Wavelength ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

High Amplitude ◽

Complex Treatment ◽

Chronic Endometritis ◽

Electrical Signals ◽

Before And After ◽

Adaptive Reactions

Aim. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of impulse electrotherapy in the complex treatment of patients with different variants of chronic endometritis based on the evaluation of adaptive reactions and immune status. Methods. Conducted was a clinical and laboratory examination of 550 women with early reproductive losses, who were divided into three groups. Studied was the efficacy of electro-impulse therapy with high-amplitude short-wavelength low-frequency electrical signals using the apparatus «SKENAR» (SKENAR-therapy) in the complex treatment of 269 women with chronic endometritis (first group). The second group included 67 women with similar variants of chronic endometritis, who were treated without the physiotherapy component. 54 patients refused the proposed rehabilitation activities (third group). Results. New data has been obtained on the adaptive reactions of the female body before and after treatment during different types of chronic endometritis. The frequency of disadaptation was highest during the hypoplastic form of chronic endometritis. Shown was the high efficiency of electro-impulse therapy, using the apparatus «SKENAR» in the complex treatment of chronic endometritis due to the normalization of parameters of immunoreactivity. It was established that SKENAR-therapy of chronic endometritis promotes early normalization of adaptive reactions in comparison to conventional methods of treatment. Conclusion. Rehabilitation treatment of chronic endometritis in combination with electro-impulse therapy with high-amplitude short-wavelength low-frequency electrical signals contributes to the recovery of immunoreactivity and to the formation of favorable adaptation reactions.

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The contribution of chronic endometritis to reproductive system disorders in patients with repeated implantation failures

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2021.1.200671 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 102-106

Author(s):

Victor E. Radzinsky ◽

Mekan R. Orazov ◽

Liliia R. Toktar ◽

Liudmila M. Mikhaleva ◽

Elena S. Silant’eva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Cytokine Therapy ◽

Immune Disorders ◽

Reproductive Disorders ◽

Chronic Endometritis

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a disease of continuous and invisible inflammation characterized by infiltration of plasma cells in the stromal region of the endometrium. Numerous studies have proven that CE leads to repeated implantation failures. While it is believed that the etiology of CE is mainly associated with microorganisms, the key links in pathogenesis are yet not fully understood, although there is a modern evidence that CE causes local immune disorders and impaired endometrial decidualization. Considering the insufficient effectiveness of antibiotic therapy for CE, especially in cases of resistant pathogens, or in the case of viral chronic endometritis, regimens with additional treatment that affect other etiopathogenetic pathways of CE development and maintenance are necessary. One of the methods that affects etiopathogenesis of CE is a cytokine therapy. In this review, the authors tried to consider CE with special emphasis on the etiology, epidemiology, clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment of CE and reproductive disorders in women in association with repeated implantation failures. The review ends with a description of the clinical case.

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Immune dysfunction in chronic endometritis and the experience of its correction using local cytokine therapy

Akusherstvo i ginekologiia ◽

10.18565/aig.2019.9.139-146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9_2019 ◽

pp. 139-146

Author(s):

Dikke G.B. Dikke ◽

Ostromensky V.V. Ostromensky ◽

Keyword(s):

Immune Dysfunction ◽

Cytokine Therapy ◽

Chronic Endometritis ◽

Local Cytokine

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CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS IN PATIENTS WITH REPEATED IMPLANTATION FAILURES:EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND OVERCOMING INFERTILITY

Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.37800/rm2021-2-3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

M.R. Orazov ◽

L.M. Mikhaleva ◽

E.S. Silantieva ◽

R.E. Orekhov

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Immune Response ◽

Clinical Pregnancy ◽

Cytokine Therapy ◽

Local Immune Response ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Chronic Endometritis ◽

Implantation Rates ◽

Staphylococcus Spp ◽

Different Levels

Recent evidence indicates that the endometrium plays a much more important role in successful implantation and clinical pregnancy than many other recognized factors. Chronic endometritis (CE) is associated with negative reproductive outcomes, including repeated implantation failures. Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium and Mycoplasma / Ureaplasmaspp are currently considered the main pathogens of CE. This disease disrupts the architectonics of the endometrium at different levels: first of all, CE promotes changes in the population of immunocompetent cells and, therefore, contributes to the disruption of the local immune response in the endometrium at the time of implantation. Antibiotic treatment for CE improves implantation rates and decreases abortion rates, although there are no well-designed prospective studies to support this conclusion. Considering the insufficient effectiveness of antibiotic therapy for CE, especially in cases of resistance of pathogens, or in the case of viral chronic endometritis, it is necessary to develop schemes with additional use of drugs that affect other etiopathogenetic pathways of development and maintenance of CE. An example of such a treatment can be cytokine therapy, which requires further study regarding the efficacy and safety in CE therapy.

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Deformation Replication

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100068394 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 280-281

Author(s):

J. Temple Black

Keyword(s):

Cutting Speed ◽

Machining Process ◽

Depth Of Cut ◽

Rake Face ◽

Orthogonal Machining ◽

Aluminum Chips ◽

Before And After ◽

Materials Used ◽

Glass Knife ◽

Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

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The Clinical, Roentgenological and Morphological Effects of an Acute Exposure of Phosgene on the Lungs of Dogs

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100065237 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 236-237

Author(s):

R. F. Bils ◽

W. F. Diller ◽

F. Huth

Keyword(s):

Latent Period ◽

Chemical Industry ◽

Toxic Substance ◽

Lung Edema ◽

X Rays ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Male And Female ◽

Morphological Alterations ◽

Before And After ◽

Electron Microscopes

Phosgene still plays an important role as a toxic substance in the chemical industry. Thiess (1968) recently reported observations on numerous cases of phosgene poisoning. A serious difficulty in the clinical handling of phosgene poisoning cases is a relatively long latent period, up to 12 hours, with no obvious signs of severity. At about 12 hours heavy lung edema appears suddenly, however changes can be seen in routine X-rays taken after only a few hours' exposure (Diller et al., 1969). This study was undertaken to correlate these early changes seen by the roengenologist with morphological alterations in the lungs seen in the'light and electron microscopes.Forty-two adult male and female Beagle dogs were selected for these exposure experiments. Treated animals were exposed to 94.5-107-5 ppm phosgene for 10 min. in a 15 m3 chamber. Roentgenograms were made of the thorax of each animal before and after exposure, up to 24 hrs.

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Ultrastructure of Melanin Formation in Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., and Drechslera Sorokiniana

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100079449 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 398-399

Author(s):

M. H. Wheeler ◽

W. J. Tolmsoff ◽

A. A. Bell

Keyword(s):

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽

Wild Type ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Transmission Microscopy ◽

Electron Transmission ◽

Melanin Formation ◽

Before And After ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Electron Transmission Microscopy

(+)-Scytalone [3,4-dihydro-3,6,8-trihydroxy-l-(2Hj-naphthalenone] and 1,8-di- hydroxynaphthalene (DHN) have been proposed as intermediates of melanin synthesis in the fungi Verticillium dahliae (1, 2, 3, 4) and Thielaviopsis basicola (4, 5). Scytalone is enzymatically dehydrated by V. dahliae to 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene which is then reduced to (-)-vermelone [(-)-3,4- dihydro-3,8-dihydroxy-1(2H)-naphthalenone]. Vermelone is subsequently dehydrated to DHN which is enzymatically polymerized to melanin.Melanin formation in Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., and Drechslera soro- kiniana was examined by light and electron-transmission microscopy. Wild-type isolates of each fungus were compared with albino mutants before and after treatment with 1 mM scytalone or 0.1 mM DHN in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. Both chemicals were converted to dark pigments in the walls of hyphae and conidia of the albino mutants. The darkened cells were similar in appearance to corresponding cells of the wild types under the light microscope.

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