scholarly journals The Impact of Digital Technologies on the Implementation of Social Functions of the State within the Framework of Securing the Right to Enforcement of a Court Judgment

Russian judge ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Damir Kh. Valeev ◽  
◽  
Anas G. Nuriev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The Right to Housing: Challenges Associated with the ‘Waiting List System’ Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality V Various Occupiers, Eden Park Extension 5 2014 3 SA 23 (SCA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Shamier Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Waiting Lists ◽  
The State ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Court Of Appeal

The right to adequate housing is a constitutional imperative which is contained in section 26 of the Constitution. The state is tasked with the progressive realisation of this right. The allocation of housing has been plagued with challenges which impact negatively on the allocation process. This note analyses Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality v Various Occupiers, Eden Park Extension 51 which dealt with a situation where one of the main reasons provided by the Supreme Court of Appeal for refusing the eviction order was because the appellants subjected the unlawful occupiers to defective waiting lists and failed to engage with the community regarding the compilation of the lists and the criteria used to identify beneficiaries. This case brings to the fore the importance of a coherent (reasonable) waiting list in eviction proceedings. This note further analyses the impact of the waiting list system in eviction proceedings and makes recommendations regarding what would constitute a coherent (reasonable) waiting list for the purpose of section 26(2) of the Constitution.

scholarly journals Analysis of Mass Medias Effect on Formation Youths Mindset in the Media Landscape

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-773
Author(s):  
Svetlana Koryagina ◽  
Irina Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Youth Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the impact of the Mass Media on the formation of the worldview of the young. This impact may be positive or negative. On the one hand, the media educate young people and enhance their participation in public life. On the other hand, they may mislead or promote false values, and manipulate the young generation’s consciousness. What helps people not to get involved into the tried-and-true crowd manipulation scheme in the media landscape is critical thinking, whose lack results in inability to choose the right guidelines in the flow of false information provided by various Media. The authors emphasize the role of the state, which, regarding the needs of the society, should enculturate the young generation, as well as exercise tight control over communication in the global web and publications in the Internet Media and social networks. One of the directions of the state’s policy is expanding the geography of information and communication technologies, and the other is ensuring information security of the young in general and adolescents in particular. To provide this, the state develops organizational and legal mechanisms aimed at protecting children from harmful information in the web, and requirements for the content, its expert evidence and government control. The article demonstrates the results of a study carried out by the authors to assess the current youth Media and their influence on criminality. The key criterion for selecting participants of the focus group was young age, since the young are the most active and the least protected players in the media landscape. The sampling was made by random choice in order to ensure equal opportunities for participation in the study.

scholarly journals New institutional challenges to the educational space: security as a criterion for development in the conditions of digitalization

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Sergei Vladimirovich Rabkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Sociocultural Processes ◽  
Institutional Challenges ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this research is the institutional transformations of educational space associated with the global processes of digitalization of social relations, as well as internal factors in cooperation between society and the state with regards to determination of the criteria of security for their development. Using the general methodology of institutional analysis, methods of analogy and summary, as well as interdisciplinary approach towards studying the educational space, the author considers the questions of implementation of digital education technologies under the conditions of current sociocultural transformations. Special attention is turned to the balance between rational and immaterial factors that affect the formation of modern educational space, and thereby, specification of the new institutional challenges to the security of social development. The conducted analysis of the problems of implementation of such technologies in the system of higher education leads to the conclusion on the need for assessing the effectiveness of implementation of digital technologies in accordance with the institutional criteria that imply not only the impact of both, rational and immaterial factors of social development. The institutional nature of these factors is insufficiently studied, however determines the possibility of application of cognitive models in solution of the tasks aimed at ensuring national security in the conditions of digitalization of sociocultural processes. Therefore, the crucial institutional criterion that defines the effectiveness of implementation of digital technologies in the educational space consists in its security in all regards. The proposed institutional-criteria approach allows the state and society to focus on ensuring security of the educational space in the context of solution of relevant tasks of ensuring national security of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Novas considerações sobre o acesso ao Patrimônio Musical no Brasil | New considerations on access to Brazilian musical heritage

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Guerra Cotta
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Musical Heritage ◽  
Methodological Difficulties

Resumo Este artigo traz considerações sobre o direito à informação no campo da musicologia no Brasil, especialmente sobre o acesso a fontes musicais manuscritas. O autor compara a situação atual com o contexto de fins da década de 1990, apresentando exemplos concretos de avanço em termos de acessibilidade das fontes e reflexões sobre o impacto das tecnologias digitais na área em foco. Finalmente, aponta aspectos em que não houve tranformações significativas, tais como as restrições legais, as dificuldades metodológicas e a falta de mobilização coletiva para a discussão e definição de políticas públicas voltadas para o tratamento e a conservação do Patrimônio Musical no Brasil. Palavras-chave música brasileira, musicologia histórica, acervos, digitalização, patrimônio cultural Abstract This article presents considerations about the right to information in the field of musicology in Brazil, especially on the accessibility to hand-written musical sources. The author compares the current situation with the context of the late 1990s, giving positive examples in terms of accessibility of the sources and reflections on the impact of digital technologies in the area in focus. Finally, we discuss aspects in which there were no significant transformations, such as legal restrictions, methodological difficulties and the lack of collective mobilization for the discussion and definition of public policies for the care and preservation of musical heritage in Brazil. Keywords brazilian music, historical musicology, collections, digitization, cultural heritage

The benefits and challenges of general data protection regulation for the information technology sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar Poritskiy ◽  
Flávio Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
European Data ◽  
General Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe implementation of European data protection is a challenge for businesses and has imposed legal, technical and organizational changes for companies. This study aims to explore the benefits and challenges that companies operating in the information technology (IT) sector have experienced in applying the European data protection. Additionally, this study aims to explore whether the benefits and challenges faced by these companies were different considering their dimension and the state of implementation of the regulation.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a quantitative methodology, based on a survey conducted with Portuguese IT companies. The survey is composed of 30 questions divided into three sections, namely, control data; assessment; and benefits and challenges. The survey was created on Google Drive and distributed among Portuguese IT companies between March and April of 2019. The data were analyzed using the Stata software using descriptive and inferential analysis techniques using the ANOVA one-way test.FindingsA total of 286 responses were received. The main benefits identified by the application of European data protection include increased confidence and legal clarification. On the other hand, the main challenges include the execution of audits to systems and processes and the application of the right to erasure. The findings allow us to conclude that the state of implementation of the general data protection regulation (GDPR), and the type of company are discriminating factors in the perception of benefits and challenges.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has essentially practical implications. Based on the synthesis of the benefits and challenges posed by the adoption of European data protection, it is possible to assess the relative importance and impact of the benefits and challenges faced by companies in the IT sector. However, this study does not explore the type of challenges that are placed at each stage of the adoption of European data protection and does not take into account the specificities of the activities carried out by each of these companies.Originality/valueThe implementation of the GDPR is still in an initial phase. This study is pioneering in synthesizing the main benefits and challenges of its adoption considering the companies operating in the IT sector. Furthermore, this study explores the impact of the size of the company and the status of implementation of the GDPR on the perception of the established benefits and challenges.

An Ambiguous Institution: Slavery, the State, and the Law in Colonial Massachusetts

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 154-180
Author(s):  
Jared Ross Hardesty
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The State ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Southern Colonies ◽  
Effective Path

This essay examines the impact the state had in shaping slavery in colonial Massachusetts. Like other parts of the early modern English-speaking world, there was no legal precedent for slavery, meaning that positive law had to enforce and define the institution. Even more problematic for Massachusetts, however, the colonial assembly passed few statutes regarding slavery, leaving it to the courts and town selectmen to govern slavery on an ad hoc and informal basis. As opposed to strict slave codes in the Southern colonies, the legally ambiguous status of slavery in Massachusetts allowed slaves to make use of a legal system that granted them the right to a fair trial and full legal recourse. By using the courts, then, African-Americans created an innovative and effective path to freedom by the late colonial period.

scholarly journals Risks of digital transformations of labour relations and the labour market

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-E) ◽  
pp. 650-660
Author(s):  
Iryna Kychko ◽  
Halyna Samiilenko ◽  
Veronika Khudolei ◽  
Nataliia Bondar ◽  
Yurii Kravchyk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article investigates the risks of transforming labour relations in Ukraine under the influence of digitalization processes. The relationship of the digital economy with the processes taking place in the social and labour sphere is substantiated, its impact on the state of the labor market is assessed. Positive effects of automation application are affected, and the negative consequences of digitalization in the HR sphere. The risks of rotors and employees are addressed by the issues of the impact of digital technologies and automation on social and labour relations. It is argued that in the context of increasing remote, remote work, the work rings to comply with the principle of permanence. Works become inherent in the principles of episodicity, individualism. It is determined that the result of episodic labour relations may be the risk of non-payment of taxes on the income of workers, non-receipt of funds to the budget, loss of a significant part of taxes received from the incomes of the population, and therefore - a decrease in the base of financing social functions of the state.

scholarly journals The state of Canada’s tech sector, 2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creig Lamb ◽  
Matthew Seddon
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

As the tech sector continues to grow and emerging technologies from around the world become more common, it is now more important than ever to ensure Canada maintains its position as a growing, prominent tech economy. However, past efforts to define the tech sector, while useful, have almost exclusively focused on the information and communications technology sector. Today, technology has become so ubiquitous across all Canadian industries that this approach understates the true impact that the tech sector has on Canada’s economy. For this report, we developed the first pan-Canadian definition of Canada’s tech sector using a proven methodology that has defined other sectors internationally. It is our goal to identify the composition and accurately measure the impact that Canada’s tech sector has on the economy. Using our more encompassing definition, we found that Canada’s tech sector is exceptionally diverse, ranging from digital technologies to aerospace and pharmaceuticals. The sector is also much broader in size, scope and geography than ever before. It is truly a pan-Canadian sector with pan-Canadian impacts.

scholarly journals DIREITO À SAÚDE E PODER JUDICIÁRIO: decisões no âmbito do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Maranhão

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Karolyne Araújo de Sousa ◽  
Laurena Silva Pinto ◽  
Mônica Teresa Costa Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Right To Health ◽  
The State ◽  
Health State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Treatment Medication ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reasons For Decisions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

O trabalho tem por objetivo principal analisar decisões judiciais do TJMA considerando demandas individuais relacionadas à efetivação e garantia do direito à saúde, a partir da oferta de tratamento médico/ medicamento específico por parte do Estado. Analisa-se a fundamentação das decisões e atuação do Poder Judiciário ante a defesa justificada como "reserva do possível" por parte do ente público. Com base na teoria da reserva do possível, o Estado defende-se alegando ser impossível a prestação de serviços específicos considerando ou a generalidade da política pública de saúde ou questões financeiras. Por sua vez, o Judiciário se manifesta ora considerando a pretensão individual (posicionamento mais comum) ora afastando essa possibilidade. Tomando por base decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal, determinaram-se padrões mínimos para que as decisões sejam capazes de atender as demandas específicas sem que haja comprometimento da atividade generalizada por parte do Estado. A escolha das decisões foi realizada por meio de pesquisa junto ao sítio oficial do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Maranhão considerando os termos "saúde - Estado - reserva do possível". As decisões analisadas referem-se aos últimos cinco anos. Já as decisões de tribunais superiores foram analisadas tomando-se como base os mesmos termos de procura bem como a repercussão da decisão STA 175, de 2009, cujo relator foi o Min. Gilmar Mendes.Palavras-chave: Direito à saúde. Reserva do possível. Poder Judiciário. Estado.HEALTH LAW AND JUDICIARY: decisions in the Court of Maranhão StateAbstract: The study aims to at analyzing the judgments TJMA considering individual claims related to the execution and guaranteeing the right to health, from the offer of medical treatment / medication specific for the state. Analyze the reasons for decisions and actions of the judiciary before the defense justified as "possible reserves" by the public entity. Based on the theory of reserve for the state defends itself saying it is impossible to provide specific services or considering the general public health policy or financial matters. In turn, the judiciary is manifested sometimes claim considering the individual (most common position) now that possibility away. Based on the decision of the Supreme Court, it was determined minimum standards for decisions to be able to meet the specific demands without compromising the widespread activity by the state. The choice of the decisions was conducted through survey to the official Court of the State of Maranhão considering the terms "health - state - reserve the possible." The decisions analyzed refer to the last five years. Since the decisions of higher courts were analyzed taking as base the same search terms as  well as the impact of the decision STA 175, 2009, which was the rapporteur Justice Gilmar Mendes.Keywords: Right to health. Possible Reservation. The Judiciary Power. State.EL PODER JUDICIAL Y EL DERECHO A LA SALUD: decisiones en la esfera del Tribunal de Justicia del estado de MaranhãoResumen: El trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar decisiones en juicios del TJMA considerando reclamaciones individuales relacionadas con la ejecución y garantía del derecho a la salud, a partir de la oferta de tratamientomédico / medicamento específico por el estado. Analizar las razones de las decisiones y acciones del poder judicial ante defensas justificadas como "reservas posibles" por la entidad pública. Sobre la base de la teoría de la reserva posible, el Estado se defiende diciendo que es imposible proporcionar servicios específicos, considerando la política general de salud pública o los asuntos financieros. Por su parte, el Poder Judicial se manifiesta a veces considerando la posición individual (posición más común) y otras veces desconsiderándola. Sobre la base de la decisión de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, se definieron las normas mínimas para que las decisiones sean capaces de satisfacer las demandas específicas sin comprometer la actividad generalizada por el estado. La elección de las decisiones se llevó a cabo mediante una encuesta oficial a la Corte del Estado de Maranhão, teniendo en cuenta los términos "salud - estado -. Reserva de lo posible" Las decisiones analizadas se refieren a los últimos cinco años. Por otro lado, las decisiones de los tribunales superiores fueron analizadas tomando como base los mismos términos de búsqueda, así como el impacto de la decisión STA 175 de 2009, relatada por el Ministro de la Justicia Gilmar Mendes.Palabras clave: Derecho a la salud. Reserva posible. Poder Judicial. Estado.

scholarly journals Big data as a threat to the right to non-discrimination

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
М. KONIUSH
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Automated Data Processing ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

This article reveals the problem of the importance and necessity of modernization and adaptation of the right to non-discrimination in the era of Big data and automated data processing systems. A number of approaches that could potentially facilitate the solution of this problem is proposed, in particular with regard to pre- and post-processing of data. The concept of “code as law” is analyzed, which helps to understand the impact of digital technologies on discrimination and to find new ways to combat this phenomenon.

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