scholarly journals ASPARAGUS (ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS L.) – VEGETABLE CULTURE OF THE FUTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Shevchenko ◽  
I. T. Ushakova ◽  
E. L. Kurbakov ◽  
L. V. Bespalko ◽  
V. A. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Heterosis Effect ◽  
Multiple Approach ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
K 41

The historical reference of Asparagus officinalis (Asparagus officinalis L.), its species composition and practical use is given. Biological and agrotechnical features of culture, the most common diseases and pests are presented. Grades and methods of selection work. Sexual type of asparagus, perennial varieties and the ability of plants to vegetative propagation are important factors in asparagus breeding. The following methods are used in asparagus selection: hybridization; formation of male varieties via self-pollination of bisexual flowers found on male plants; utilization of the heterosis effect the formation of homozygous inbred-lines; production of tetraploid forms by exposure of colchicine to asparagus seedlings. Selection can be done either on individual plants or using multiple approach. Improvement of selection may be achieved using several parameters: plant yield, the mass of seedlings; plant height of the most developed shoot; the number of shoots. This allows to discard undesirable forms at early stages. Laboratory of green vegetables, spicy-flavoring and flower crops of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center possesses the collection nursery of 7 samples of Asparagus officinalis: K-25, K-28, K-41, K-46, Mary Washington Bruswick, Paradise. The latter are used for Asparagus selection with the aim to retain economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Сonservation of relict species of Siberian flora in the floral complex “Chernevaya taiga” (Novosibirsk)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 00005
Author(s):  
Tatyana Elisafenko ◽  
Elena Korolyuk
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Relict Species

The paper deals with the species composition of the floral complex ‘Chernevaya taiga’ established in the territory of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden in 1967. Of 60 revealed species, 23 were introduced during the establishment of the complex. All the species represent the populations self-maintained by seed or vegetative propagation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE FOR CARAWAY (Carum carvi L.) CULTIVARS OVER IRAQI ENVIRONMENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Almehemdi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Scatter Diagram ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Total Index

Assessment of genetic diversity for various traits would contribute in hybridization projects in order to recover aspired recombinants. Therefore, metroglyph analysis and ANOVA were conducted out to estimate genetic diversity among seven caraway genotypes. Field experiment was applied in winter season of 2011/2012 with three replicates. Consequently, data were recorded on plant height, branches no., umbels no. umbels diameter, no. of umbellets and plant yield. Results showed that allotting of index scores for each trait of seven caraway genotypes represented the worth of the genotype in respects to the trait which the performance of genotype is represented by total index score for all traits of that genotype. Thus, Bery and Mosul genotypes ascertained the highest index scores of 16, for each one. Moreover, Metroglyph scatter diagram revealed three groups of caraway genotypes. Therefore, it could be concluded that metroglyph technique simply classified genotypes to groups and had potentiality to interpret genotypes performance regarding the index scores. Thus, it could be recommended to apply crossing or hybridization between individuals from different groups alternatively to individuals from same group. Genotypes of Bery, Mosul, Sury and selectedF1 (Group2), and Balady (Group3) were distinct which possible to apply crossing between one of group2 individuals with another one of group3.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of exotic inbred lines of maize (Zea mays. L)

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-671
Author(s):  
AH Akhi ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
ANMS Karim ◽  
F Begum ◽  
MM Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Total Divergence

Sixty exotic inbred lines of maize from CIMMYT were characterized for a few morphological attributes and grain yield at the experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during 2013-14. The inbred lines of the existing investigation were grouped into five distinct non-overlapping clusters based on D2 analysis. Cluster II was comprised of the highest number of inbreds whilst cluster III and IV included the lowest number of inbreds. The inter cluster distance was higher than intra cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest inter-cluster distance was exhibited between clusters II and V (D2 = 15.40) and the lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters I and II (D2 = 2.82). Cluster II exhibited the highest mean values for cob length and cob diameter, cluster V for number of grain /cob and total grain weight. The lowest mean value for plant height & ear height were found in cluster II and cluster IV for days to pollen shedding and days to silking. Days to silking, plant height, cob length (cm), number of rows /cob, number of grains /cob showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among different characters. The inbred lines were characterized for their morphological traits and kernel yield to achieve more heterotic partners to get higher heterosis.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 665-671, December 2017

Effect of species composition and sward structure on the ingestive behaviour of cattle and sheep grazing South African sourveld

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. O'Reagain ◽  
B. C. Goetsch ◽  
R. N. Owen-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Bite Size ◽  
Ingestive Behaviour ◽  
Cattle And Sheep ◽  
Sward Structure

SUMMARYThe effects of species composition and sward structure on the ingestive behaviour of cattle and sheep grazing a mesic, low quality grassland in South Africa were investigated over the 1990–93 grazing seasons. Species composition had a significant (P < 0·05) effect on sheep bite size and on cattle and sheep bite rates but had no effect on dry matter intake rate (IR). Species composition could, however, affect IR over longer grazing periods than those used in the experiment.Sward structure had a major effect on ingestive behaviour. Cattle and sheep bite rates and cattle grazing time, were negatively correlated (P < 0·05) with plant height but positively correlated (P < 0·05) with sward greenness. Bite size and hence IR in cattle and sheep were strongly correlated (P < 0·001) with plant height. Cattle IR increased from 6 to 20g/min over the range of heights encountered and appeared to reach an asymptote at a plant height of 20–25 cm. Sheep IR, expressed per unit of body mass, increased from 0·01 to an asymptote or maximum of 0·13 g/min/kg at plant heights of 10–15 cm. For sheep there was evidence of a non-asymptotic functional response at some sites with IR being maximized at certain sward heights but declining thereafter. This suggests the possible existence of a third, quality dimension to the functional response on these low-quality grasslands.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Candidate Genes That Affect Plant Height in Chinese Elite Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e29229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Weng ◽  
Chuanxiao Xie ◽  
Zhuanfang Hao ◽  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Changlin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Fertilization and Mulching on Growth and Yield of Brassica Olerracea L. Var. Capitata

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012079
Author(s):  
Harith B. Al-Din Abdul Rahman ◽  
Hassan H. Hajim
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Total Plant

Abstract The experiment was carried out at the Research Station of the Department of Horticulture dept. of Tikrit University for the season 2020-2021 to investigate the effect of organic fertilization with treatments (control, poultry manure, and Humobacter fertilizer) and mulching type with four Mulching type (no mulching, black mulch, white mulch, and yellow mulch). A randomized complete blocks (RCBD) design and a split-plot method were used in the experiment, which included three replications. The Humobacter fertilizer treatment considerably outperformed of plant height, and overall plant yield, which were 21.69 cm, and 46.55 tons -1, respectively, compared to 19.03 cm, and 28.10 tons -1, respectively, As for the mulch treatments, the yellow mulch treatments were achieved the best values of number leaves, plant yield for one plant and the total plant yield, 16.81 leaf-1, 50.38 cm, 1.42 kg and 47.31 tons -1, respectively.

scholarly journals Estimates of heterosis and combining ability of soybean diallel crossings

Plant Omics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Jose Ricardo Bagateli ◽  
Carlos André Bahry ◽  
Raimunda Nonata Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
Giordano Gelain Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Heterosis Effect ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
F1 Generation ◽  
Partial Diallel

This study aimed to estimate the general and specific combining ability of partial soybean diallel crossings. The parents were divided in two groups contrasting for the characteristics of mass of thousand seeds, maturity group, flowers’ color, lodging and growth aspect. The scheme of partial diallel followed the Griffing model, where it were included the parents and the F1 generation. There was predominance of additive genic effects for the characteristics number of seeds per pods, number of seeds per plant and plants height. For number of pods per plant, seeds per plant and mass of hundred seeds the dominance effects were expressed by the superiority of specific combining ability in the determination of these characters. The parents G3 and G7 were the ones that contributed the most to the increase in yield in function of general combining ability for the characters number of pods per plant, seeds per plant, plant yield and mass of hundred seeds. The hybrids from the crossings between G3 x G5 and G3 x G4 are more promising for the characteristics related to yield, since they present elevated heterosis effect and high specific combining ability associated to increase general combining ability presented by the parent G3.

scholarly journals Predicting the range of inbreeding depression of inbred lines in cross-pollinated populations

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Souza Jr. ◽  
J.S.C. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Two Generations

The objectives of this paper were to derive the genetic variance of inbreeding depression (<img SRC="Image482.gif" WIDTH="48" HEIGHT="33"> ) and to predict the range of inbreeding depression (RID) in cross-pollinated populations. The variance of inbreeding depression is a function of the genetic variances related to dominance effects (<img SRC="Image483.gif" WIDTH="31" HEIGHT="33">, D2, and <img SRC="Image484.gif" WIDTH="21" HEIGHT="25">), and of the inbreeding coefficients of the two generations in which inbreeding depression is measured (Ft and Fg). The results showed that the higher the level of dominance of a trait, the higher the variance of inbreeding depression. The magnitudes of <img SRC="Image485.gif" WIDTH="48" HEIGHT="33">were expected to be lower in improved (mean gene frequencies = <img SRC="Image486.gif" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="25">> 0.6) and in unimproved (<img SRC="Image487.gif" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="25"> < 0.4) populations, than in composite populations (<img SRC="Image487.gif" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="25"> <FONT FACE="Symbol">»</font> 0.5). Data from a maize population used to illustrate the study showed that the range of inbreeding depression in the S<FONT FACE="Symbol">¥</font> generation of selfing was from 48.7% to 85.3% for grain yield, and from 13.9% to 24.5% for plant height. A mating design outlined to estimate the genetic variance of inbreeding depression, the range of inbreeding depression, and of the range of inbred lines is presented.

scholarly journals Heterosis for Horticultural Traits in Broccoli

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 990C-990
Author(s):  
Anna L. Hale ◽  
Mark W. Farnham
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Almost All

Over the last 3 decades, broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., Italica Group) hybrids made by crossing two inbred lines replaced open-pollinated populations to become the predominant type of cultivar. The change to hybrids evolved with little or no understanding of heterosis or hybrid vigor in this crop. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine levels of heterosis expressed by a set of hybrids derived by crossing relatively elite, modern inbreds (n = 9). A total of 36 hybrids formed by crossing nine parents were evaluated for horticultural characters, including head weight, head stem diameter, plant height, plant width (in a row), and maturity (e.g., days from transplant to harvest) in four environments. When averaged across all four environments, roughly half of the hybrids exhibited high parent heterosis for head weight (1 to 30 g) and stem diameter (0.2 to 3.5 cm). Almost all hybrids showed high parent heterosis for plant height (1 to 10 cm) and width (2 to 13 cm). Unlike other traits, there was negative heterosis for maturity, indicating that heterosis for this character in hybrids is expressed as earliness. With modern broccoli inbreds, heterosis for head characteristics appears less important than for traits that measure plant vigor.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis and Seed Polymorphism in Inter sub Specific Cross of Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (december) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Devi S ◽  
◽  
Jayamani P ◽  
Kumar M ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Breeding Lines

The present study was carried out using 189 pre-breeding lines from the cross VBN (Bg) 5 and Vigna mungo var silvestris 22/10 to study the genetic variability for nine yields and six seed traits. Significant variability was observed for all the traits studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the 15 traits. High PCV was observed for number of pods per plant, seed volume, and single plant yield. The moderate to high GCV was exhibited for hundred seed weight, plant height, number of pods per plant, seed volume, and single plant yield. The heritability estimates were high for pod length, plant height, seed length, hundred seed weight, single plant yield, bulk density, seed length-width ratio and seed width. The traits viz., plant height, hundred seed weight, and single plant yield showed high heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean respectively, which might be due to additive gene action. Hence, these traits could act as a better source for the breeding programme for evolving high-yielding bold seeded varieties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document