scholarly journals Genetic Analysis and Seed Polymorphism in Inter sub Specific Cross of Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (december) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Devi S ◽  
◽  
Jayamani P ◽  
Kumar M ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Breeding Lines

The present study was carried out using 189 pre-breeding lines from the cross VBN (Bg) 5 and Vigna mungo var silvestris 22/10 to study the genetic variability for nine yields and six seed traits. Significant variability was observed for all the traits studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the 15 traits. High PCV was observed for number of pods per plant, seed volume, and single plant yield. The moderate to high GCV was exhibited for hundred seed weight, plant height, number of pods per plant, seed volume, and single plant yield. The heritability estimates were high for pod length, plant height, seed length, hundred seed weight, single plant yield, bulk density, seed length-width ratio and seed width. The traits viz., plant height, hundred seed weight, and single plant yield showed high heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean respectively, which might be due to additive gene action. Hence, these traits could act as a better source for the breeding programme for evolving high-yielding bold seeded varieties.

Genetic relationship between yield and battering quality in blackgram (Vigna Mungo L.)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Veni ◽  
E. Murugan ◽  
M. L. Mini ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
T. Radhamani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Cluster Distance

An experiment was carried out to study the genetic divergence of 39 genotypes of blackgram. Biochemical parameters such crude protein, albumin and globulin content and yield attributing traits such as hundred seed weight and single plant yield were estimated. Grouping of genotypes into various clusters was done by Mahalnobis D2 statistics. The 39 genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Among the five clusters, cluster V had more number of genotypes. The highest value of intra cluster distance was recorded in cluster V while cluster I had minimum intra cluster distance and maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster III. Among the nine characters single plant yield and hundred seed weight contributed maximum towards divergence. The study showed that the genotypes UH04-4, CO 5, KKB05011 and ACM07002 could be used for hybridization to develop high yielding blackgram varieties with good battering quality.

scholarly journals Study of genetic variability in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] hybrids for grain yield and quality parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Subbulakshmi ◽  
R. Ravikesavan ◽  
C. Babu ◽  
K. Iyanar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is an important millet crop of semi-arid regions in India and Africa. To study the genetic variability present among the newly effected fifty four hybrids an experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replication. Yield parameters viz., days to fifty per cent flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers, ear head length, ear head girth, test weight, single head grain weight, single plant yield and quality traits such as crude protein, crude fibre, beta carotene, iron and zinc were studied. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was greater than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied which shows the little influence of environment. High phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic variability (GCV) was obtained for plant height, single plant yield, single head grain weight, crude fibre, beta carotene content, iron and zinc. Highest heritability (h2) conjunction with genetic advance (GA) was observed for all the characters studied and moderate for number of productive tillers per plant and earhead girth Therefore, the presence of high variability among the genotypes can be utilized for nutritional enrichment in future millet breeding programs.

scholarly journals Elucidation of Genetic Parameters Controlling Yield and Quality Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saravanan ◽  
R. Sushmitha ◽  
M. Arumugam Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Gel Consistency

Background: Forty two crosses involving seven lines and six testers were studied for economically important yield contributing and quality traits to test the magnitude of genetic components and diversity. Formulation of efficient breeding methodology is possible by targeting the genetic architecture of genotypes. Methods: The systematic breeding programme involves generating genetic variability besides sorting off the diverse genotypes and utilizing the extreme phenotypes for producing stable varieties. Genetic diversity helps to achieve the greater continuum of genetic variability in segregating populations to reach for ideal selection of progenies. Heritability and genetic advance are other important selection parameters for retrieving better genotype through selection. Result: Significant differences in analysis of variance were recorded for all the traits. The results signified the greater value of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and environment coefficient of variation (ECV) pertaining to the test traits studied. Among agronomical characters, the GCV and PCV were reported to be in higher estimate for number of productive tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, single plant yield and among quality characters for gelatinization temperature (GT), length breadth (LB) ratio, gel consistency and amylose content. The present study adverted that among the yield and grain quality characters viz., number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, single plant yield, plant height, 1000 grain weight, milling percentage and grain length could be easily inherited to next generation due to high heritability. Whereas breadth elongation ratio and linear elongation ratio are influenced by environmental factors due to their low heritability. Further, the number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, single plant yield, plant height, Gel consistency and amylose content exhibited higher PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance and hence direct selection can be made for target traits.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of 183 Turkish Common Bean Accessions for Agronomic, Trading, and Consumer-Preferred Plant Characteristics for Breeding Purposes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ◽  
Tolga Karaköy ◽  
Mehmet Zahit Yeken ◽  
Ephrem Habyarimana ◽  
Ruştu Hatipoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Plant landraces represent a repository of a gene pool, local adaptation of their domestic species, and thereby are considered a great source of genetic variations. Such genetic variation can be helpful to mitigate the current and future food challenges. A total of 183 common bean accessions including three commercial varieties collected from 19 Turkish provinces were grown to record their morpho-agronomic variations and to evaluate the best performing accessions under multi-environmental conditions. Plant height, days to maturity, pods weight, seed length, and 100-seed weight were used to evaluate the best performing accessions under different environmental conditions. A wide range of variations for traits like days to maturity (99–161), plant height (21–168.7 cm), seed length (7.41–16.4 mm), seeds per plant (17.8–254.4), and 100-seeds weight (24.97–73.8 g) were observed and can be useful for breeding purposes. The analytic results derived from the first three eigenvectors suggested that plant height, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and days to flowering were biologically significant bean traits. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with plant weight and pods weight. Genotype × environment biplot discriminated the studied common bean accessions based on their plant height and growth habit. Plant height, days to maturity, seed width, and first pod height were found highly heritable traits and were least affected by environmental forces. Among 19 provinces, accessions of Bilecik showed maximum pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, while Erzincan and Sivas provinces reflected the prevalence of bushy and early maturing accessions. Information provided herein comprehensively explored the occurrence of genotypic variations which can be used for the development of candidate varieties responding to breeder, farmer, and consumer preferences.

The optimum foliar zinc source and level for improving Zn content in seed of chickpea

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Kayan ◽  
Nurdilek Gulmezoglu ◽  
Mehmet Demir Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Pod Number

The comparative effect of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% Zn levels of zinc chelate (Zn-EDTA; 8% Zn) and zinc sulfate (23% Zn) applied as foliar sprays for assuaging zinc deficiency of chickpea cv. Gökçe was evaluated under field condition. The sprays were applied on the plants before blooming stage during 2012 and 2013 growing seasons and seed yield, yield components like plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, hundred seed weight, harvest index and mineral concentrations (nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and iron) in seeds were investigated. Plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per plant, hundred seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were investigated. The results showed that increased zinc doses caused an increase in Zn content of seed, while seed yield was not affected similarly. In general, plant height, pod number and seed number per plant increased by the application of zinc. Lower dose of Zn-EDTA and higher dose of ZnSO<sub>4</sub> gave higher yield components. Seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were not significantly influenced by Zn sources and doses; however, mineral concentration of seeds enhanced when Zn doses were increased. It was concluded that foliar application of zinc resulted in an increase in seed mineral contents rather than seed yield of chickpea. The dose of 0.6% with Zn-EDTA was the optimum combination for Zn enrichment in seed of chickpea.

scholarly journals Yield components of the M7 Kipas Putih mutant soybean

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
Zuyasna ◽  
E Hayati ◽  
Y Ghufrani ◽  
A Marliah ◽  
B Basyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
Mutant Lines

Abstract This study aimed to obtain the homogeny of M8 soybean lines in an effort to release new high yielding varieties. The research was conducted in Lamsidaya village, and the observation of yield components was carried out at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala. This study did not use an experimental design, so that the quantitative characters were observed individually from each plant, then analyzed by estimating the heritability broad sense value and the progress of selection. The material used were var. Kipas Putih and var. Dega1 as control, eight of 7th generation Kipas Putih mutant lines (B4, B7, B10, B12, B13, B15, B18 and B22). All genotypes were planted in rectangular plot 10 m x 1 m, drainage 50 cm, and planting distance 50 cm x 30 cm. Plants were maintained in accordance with the recommendation for soybean cultivation from Balitkabi, and fertilizer NPK (16:16:16) was given 200 g/plot (200 kgha-1). Parameters observed included plant height, flowering time, harvest time, number of productive branches, total number of pods per plant, number of filled pods per plant, percentage of filled pods per plant, seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight per plot, and yield potential. All quantitative characters indicated increase on selection except for the character of plant height, percentage of filled pods and weight of 100 seeds because the heritability value was low. The B18 line has the potential to become a new high yielding variety because it has a high yield potential (3.02 tons ha-1) with a large seed size compared to the other seven mutant lines and is also higher than the parent Kipas Putih and var Dega 1 varieties.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of Yield Determinants in Advance Breeding Lines (ABLs) of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Irrigated Condition of Chhattisgarh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Pramod Noatia ◽  
Abhinav Sao ◽  
Ajay Tiwari ◽  
S. K. Nair ◽  
Deepak Gauraha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Recovery Percentage

The present study was undertaken to study the extent of genetic variability, character association and path analysis in 53 irrigated late duration breeding lines for 12 quantitative and 10 quality parameters. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variation among the breeding lines for all the characters except for total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, spikelet fertility percentage and grain yield per plant. The highest magnitude of PCV and GCV were displayed by grain yield per plant followed by harvest index, filled spikelet per panicle and 1000 seed weight. The greater extent of heritability in broad sense were recorded for days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, 1000 seed weight, plant height, total spikelet per panicle, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage, amylose content, hulling and milling percentage. However, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were displayed by plant height, number of spikelet per panicle, filled spikelet per panicle,1000 seed weight, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage and amylose content. Grain yield per plant exhibited positive significant correlation with harvest index, effective tillers per plant, 1000 seed weight, spikelet fertility %, days to maturity and days to 50% flowering. Path analysis revealed direct effect on grain yield were exerted by days to 50% flowering followed by harvest index, 1000 seed weight, total tillers per plant, number of spikelet per plant, effective tillers per plant and plant height indicating their importance in rice breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variability and Correlation Studies in Pod and Seed Characteristics ofPongamia pinnata(L.) Pierre in Orissa, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deebe Prasad Sahoo ◽  
Gyana Ranjan Rout ◽  
Swarnalata Das ◽  
Subhashree Aparajita ◽  
A. K. Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Pongamia pinnata(L.) Pierre is a fast growing leguminous tree with high potential for oil seed production. Fifty-three candidate plus trees (CPTs) ofPongamia pinnatawere selected from different locations in Orissa, India, on the basis of their seed and pod characteristics to identify suitable seed source with high oil content for production of quality planting seedling for use in afforestation programs. All the CPTs showed significant variation among themselves in respect to their pod and seed characters. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) estimates were high for pod thickness, seed thickness, 100-pod weight, and 100-seed weight. High heritability values accompanied by high genetic advance for 100-seed weight (96.1%, 59.6) and 100-pod weight (90.9%, 37.3) indicated additive gene action. High estimates of genotypic correlations than the corresponding phenotypic correlations indicated the presence of strong inherent association between pod length and pod breadth; 100-pod weight, and pod thickness; 100-pod weight and seed length; 100-seed weight and 100-pod weight. Seed length, seed breadth, seed thickness, 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight had significant positive correlation with each other, and these characters should be considered as effective parameters to select CPTs for different agroforestry programs.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Advanced Breeding Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 350-358
Author(s):  
Danish Mushtaq ◽  
Bupesh Kumar ◽  
Praveen Singh ◽  
Manmohan Sharma ◽  
Ashish Sheera
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines

Aim: Present study endeavors to explore the genetic variability for various agro-morphological and quality traits as well as to delineate the association between grain yield and its yield attributing components Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design Place and Duration of Study: Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu during kharif 2020. Methodology: A experiment was carried out to determine the association between grain yield and yield attributing components among advanced breeding lines of rice to establish a well grounded selection criteria for developing rice varieties with improved grain yield. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was found to be relatively greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for most of traits indicating role of environment in the phenotypic expression of traits. Characters viz., plant height, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length and grain yield per plant exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance indicating their efficient inheritance from preceding generations. Results: Association studies indicated that characters viz., Plant height, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant had a significant positive relationship with grain yield per plot indicating their role in breeding rice varieties for higher grain yield. Conclusion: Cause and effect relationship revealed that traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, total number of tillers per plant, days to maturity, panicle length and grain yield per plant can be exploited for indirect selection for improving grain yield.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of herbicidal desiccants and application times on seed yield and earliness of soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1465-1472
Author(s):  
Nurgül ERGİN ◽  
Mehmet D. KAYA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Two herbicidal desiccants and five application times at different reproductive stages of soybean were investigated for earliness without significant reduction in seed yield and quality. Glyphosate and diquat were applied to soybean cv. ‘Arısoy’ (maturity group III) at growth stages of R5, R6, R7 and R8. Full maturity (FM) and uprooted plants at each growth stage were also used as a control. Plant height, first pod height, pod number per plant, seed weight per plant, thousand seed weight, seed yield and oil ratio were investigated. The results showed that plant height was not affected by desiccants and application times. Lower seed weight per plant, thousand seed weight, seed yield, and oil ratio were obtained from earlier reproductive stages, especially at R5, and R6, but glyphosate produced higher seed yield and oil content than diquat. Both desiccants considerably reduced seed yield when applied at R5 and R6. Mean seed yield enhanced from 1,364 to 3,036 kg ha-1 in first year and from 1,097 to 2,804 kg ha-1 in second year as the growth stages extended from R5 to R8. Diquat was more effective desiccant for accelerating soybean harvest than glyphosate, while higher seed yield was obtained from glyphosate spraying at R5 and R6 stages. Increased seed yield was observed in diquat application when the soybean growth stages were delayed from R5 to R8. It was concluded that glyphosate should be applied at R7 in soybean for earliness with 7-10 days in harvest and no desiccant should be suggested before R7 stages.

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