scholarly journals O DIREITO EM CONTRADIÇÃO: direitos humanos, atuação estatal e população em situação de rua

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Karoline Strapasson ◽  
Danielle Anne Pamplona
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Federal Level ◽  
State Action ◽  
Legislative Changes

A extrema pobreza é fenômeno complex o intergeracional decorrente da falta de oportunidades, de elementos sociais,culturais e etários que encerra violações da dignidade e dos direitos humanos e favorece a opressão física e moral. Para salvaguardar os direitos dessa população vulnerável, o Estado concebe políticas públicas no campo da assistência social, mas sua atuação éviciada por infrações como as de mendicância e de vadiagem que refletem o preconceito e o estigma social da condição de rua. Esteartigo objetiva apontar algumas contradições entre o tratamento legislativo da população em situação de rua e a atuação estatal.O método de abordagem escolhido foi o dedutivo, utilizando as técnicas de análise documental, bibliográfica e legislativa. O artigo concluiu que há sérias restrições à cidadania com o preconceito e o ranço de medidas combativas. As alterações legislativas emâmbito federal são recentes e refletem a luta por visibilidade e organização político-social.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas, população em situação de rua, direitos humanos.LAW IN CONTRADICTION: human rights, state action and homeless populationAbstract: Extreme poverty is an intergenerational complex phenomenon resulting from the lack of opportunities, social, cultural andage elements which lead to dignity and human rights violations and promotes physical and moral oppression. To safeguard the rights of this vulnerable population, the state conceives public policies in the field of social assistance but their action is vitiated by offenses suchas begging and vagrancy that reflect prejudice and social stigma against homeless. This article aims to point out some contradictionsbetween the legislative treatment of the homeless population and the state action. The method chosen was the deductive approachusing the techniques of documentary, bibliographic and legislative analysis. It was concluded that there are serious restrictions on citizenship with prejudice and rancidity of combative measures. Legislative changes at the federal level are recent and reflect the struggle for visibility and political and social organization.Key words: Public policies, homeless population, human rights.

scholarly journals Criterios definidores y conceptuales del enfoque basado en derechos humanos: de la teoría a la práctica

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-86
Author(s):  
Alfonso CHACÓN MATA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Order ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach

LABURPENA: «Giza Eskubideetan Oinarritutako Ikuspegiaren» irismena azaltzeko asmoa dauka artikulu honek, zer-nolako aldagaiak eta kontzeptuak biltzen dituen ulertze aldera. Horren bilakaeraz eta indarraldiaz arituko gara, bai eta horren modalitate aplikatua nola nabarmentzen den azalduko ere. Horretarako, Nazio Batuen Erakundearen esparruan garatu diren ekarpenak eta gaiaren inguruko doktrina aditua erabiliko ditugu. Administrazio Publikoan duen indarra ezin ukatuzkoa da; izan ere, estatuak eta horri atxikitako erakundeek oso kontuan eduki behar dute politika publikoak norbanakoen eta komunitateen beharrei arreta ematen ari zaien jakiteko balio duela ikuspegi horrek, edota politika publiko horiek kontu emanez gardentasun publikoa eratzen ari diren nahiz edozelako diskriminazioa saihesten ari diren jakiteko balio duela. Azkenik, ikuspegi horrek Giza Eskubideen Gorte Interamerikarraren jurisprudentzia-aurrekari batzuetan duen indarraldia eta eragina aztertuko dira. RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene la intención de exponer los alcances del «Enfoque Basado en Derechos Humanos», con la finalidad de entender que variables y conceptos involucra. Haremos un recuento de su evolución, vigencia y cómo se evidencia su modalidad aplicada, a través de diferentes aportes desarrollados en el marco de la Organización de Naciones Unidas, así como de la doctrina estudiosa del tema. Su vigencia en la Administración Pública es de primer orden, puesto que el Estado y sus entidades adscritas, deben tener muy en cuenta que el enfoque citado, sirve para conocer si las políticas públicas, están atendiendo necesidades de individuos y comunidades concretas; generando transparencia pública a través de rendición de cuentas, así como evitando cualquier tipo de discriminación. Finalmente, se analizará su vigencia e impacto en algunos antecedentes jurisprudenciales de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. ABSTRACT: This article intends to expose the scope of the «Human Rights Based Approach», in order to understand what variables and concepts it involves. We will recount its evolution, validity and how its applied modality is evidenced, through different contributions developed within the framework of the United Nations, as well as the doctrine studious of the subject. Its validity in the Public Administration is of the first order, since the State and its affiliated entities must take into account that the aforementioned approach serves to know if public policies are addressing the needs of specific individuals and communities; Generating public transparency through accountability, as well as avoiding any type of discrimination. Finally, its validity and impact will be analyzed in some jurisprudential antecedents of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.

scholarly journals Identidad territorial, agro y políticas públicas. Reflexiones históricas sobre las desigualdades regionales en la Argentina hasta mediados del siglo XX

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Noemí María Girbal-Blacha
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
State Action ◽  
Identidad Nacional ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Siglo Xx

Este estudio histórico se propone abordar -en el escenario de la Argentina Moderna y hasta mediados del siglo XX- las característi-cas de la organización del territorio en tanto parte de la identidad nacional, la acción del Estado y su burocracia técnica, así como el alcance de las políticas públicas agrarias, conceptualmente defi-nidas. El objetivo es dar cuenta de los desequilibrios regionales, en un país que concentra alrededor de las tres cuartas partes de su población, su infraestructura y su producción agraria y agroin-dustrial en una cuarta parte del territorio. Una situación que logra trascender los cambios políticos y gubernamentales ocurridos. Conocer sus causas y consecuencias es parte del desafío que se emprende en estas páginas. This historical research intends to tackle – in Modern Argentina and until the mid-twentieth century - the characteristics of the territorial organization as part of the national identity, the State action and its technical bureaucracy together with the scope of the agrarian public policies, conceptually identified. The aim is to show the regional inequalities in a country that concentrates about three-quarters of its population, its infrastructure and its agrarian production and agro-industrial in one quarter of the territory. A situtation that moves beyond political and governmental changes. One of the challenges of these pages is to know the causes and consequences.

scholarly journals RELATIONS BETWEEN HUMAN RIGHTS AND PUBLIC POLICY: A MULTI-CASE STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (54) ◽  
pp. 205-221
Author(s):  
Sidney Cesar Silva Guerra ◽  
Fernanda Tonetto
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
The Impact

The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, which appears as one of the OAS organs for the promotion and protection of human rights, with its firm action ends up having significant effects on normative production and the development of public policies in favor of human rights of the Brazilian state. Such action derives from the attributions conferred upon them, in particular those related to the preparation of studies, reports and the proposition of recommendations to the States, as well as the adoption of measures that favor the system of protection of human rights at the domestic level and also as regards to the knowledge of individual petitions and interstate communications that contain denunciations of rights that have been debased. Although the reports issued by the Commission are not binding as they don’t have the legal nature of a decision, it is often noted that when a report is issued against a particular state that there has been a violation of human rights, it ends up employing efforts to change the situation in the country through legislative changes and public policies. The present study intends to analyze some consequences of the reports issued by the Inter-American Commission in face of the Brazilian State whose contrary manifestations count twenty incidences. However, for the purpose of this analysis, which will use the hypothetical-deductive method, where the impact of the recommendations on the internal legal order will be demonstrated, only three cases will be dealt with, since a time frame of the last ten years has been adopted.

scholarly journals THE PERSPECTIVE OF PROFESSIONALS IN RELATION TO THE CARE GIVEN TO WOMEN IN SITUATIONS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE: PERSPECTIVE OF THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF BIOETHICS AND HUMAN RIGHTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Trentin ◽  
Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira Vargas ◽  
Laura Cavalcanti de Farias Brehmer ◽  
Caroline Porcelis Vargas ◽  
Dulcinéia Ghizoni Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The State ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
The North ◽  
Role Of The State

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the care provided to women in situations of sexual violence, from the perspective of professionals and from the perspective of the Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights. Method: a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, conducted in a municipality in the north-central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, with 30 professionals from the multiprofessional team of intersectoral care services for women in situations of sexual violence. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interview from January to April 2016. The results were subjected to Thematic Content Analysis. Results: four thematic categories emerged, entitled: principle of respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity, in which situations of vulnerability surrounding women are found; principle of non-discrimination and non-stigmatization: services with adequate structures, confidentiality of information, acceptance, unprejudiced practices and/or judgments in care; principle of human dignity and human rights, agile actions, prudence, articulation with other services, the role of the state and public policies are mentioned; and principle of autonomy and individual responsibility: in decision making, the importance of emancipation and empowerment. Conclusion: professionals face the challenge of facing a grievance surrounded by vulnerabilities and sometimes are not supported to meet the complex demands of women in situations of sexual violence. Protective public policies and care-based on user embracement are ways to minimize trauma and can encourage women to access services.

Der Einfluss der Entscheidungen des Europäischen Gerichtshofes für Menschenrechte auf Normbildende und Rechtssprechungspraxis

2019 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
MILENA SLAVEYKOVA-RUKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
National Courts ◽  
European Court ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Impact

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) plays a crucial role in the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals. The goal of this Court is to resolve complaints in which these individuals allege that the State of their citizenship fails to perform the obligations arising from the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 (the Convention). The ECtHR assesses the reasonableness of the term for “final” resolution of a legal conflict, and includes therein the time needed to implement the judgment. Currently, excessively long periods needed to implement the judgments which award payments of certain amounts to plaintiffs at the expense of budgetary funds is still a sensitive issue for Bulgaria as well as for Ukraine. As a respective confirmation of such a situation for Ukraine, the author mentions ECtHR’s judgment passed in 2017 in the case of Burmych and Others v. Ukraine, which actually determined the fate of 12,148 applications filed to the Court by Ukrainian citizens who complained of the violation of their right to a fair trial because of the failure to implement final judgments passed by national courts. The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of ECtHR’s judgments on the rulemaking and practice of national courts. The experience of Bulgaria is taken as the object of study. The author analyzes two pilot ECtHR judgments which found that Bulgarian courts breached the requirements of Art. 6, § 1 of the Convention. After these judgments became final, the Bulgarian Parliament amended the laws “On the Judiciary” and “On the Liability of the State and Communities for Damage Caused” to incorporate the provisions which are aimed at avoiding any future violations similar to those found by ECtHR. The author studies these legislative changes and the practice of their application with the aim of illustrating that ECtHR judgments have an efficient impact on the improvement of national legal rules. In summary, the author maintains that the mechanisms of compensation described in the article – the administrative one (after amendments to the Law “On the Judiciary”) and the judicial one (after amendments to the Law “On Liability of the State and Communities for Damage Caused”) precisely meet the ECHR criteria.

Public policies for the homeless population and the guarantee of anexistential minimum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Nunes Vasconcelos ◽  
Manoela Nunes Machado ◽  
Juliana Landim Gomes Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The Federal Constitution of 1988 has in its body the so-called second dimension rights that aim to guarantee the dignity of the human person. However, when it comes to the homeless population, the reach of these rights, in practice, is distant or non-existent. The absence of official census data hinders the action of the State in the elaboration of effective public policies aimed at solving the various problems faced by individuals living on the streets, without guaranteeing the existential minimum. Given this scenario, the objective is to investigate the development, elaboration and implementation of public policies in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes for the homeless population, which aim to protect the minimum set of rights to have a decent life, reaffirming the importance existing policies or indicating the need for reformulation or the adoption of other measures that guarantee the minimum foreseen in the constitutional text.To achieve the objectives proposed in this research, the methodological procedures will start from a bibliographic, longitudinal, descriptive survey; legislative and jurisprudential analysis on the subject, in addition to a qualitative and quantitative approach, through the collection of primary and secondary data at the Human Development Department and Centro Pop, drawing up a profile of the homeless population in the studied municipality. The aim of this research is to systematize the theoretical framework and the actions of the State through laws, projects, decrees, ordinances on the homeless population and the implementation of public policies as a way to guarantee the existential minimum; proposition of viable solutions at the municipal level for the implementation of effective public policies for the multi-cited population, and elaboration of an article bringing together the results achieved by the studies carried out during the project.

PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Shvartseva ◽  
◽  
Anna Plotnikova ◽  
Kateryna Dubyna ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
European Court ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
Legislative Changes

The article is devoted to the study of problematic aspects of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter — the ECHR) execution decisions in Ukraine. The work clarifies the causes and systemic problems due to which Ukraine does not comply with the decisions of the ECHR. The relevant provisions of international and national legislation acts have been analyzed: the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter referred to as the Convention), Protocols No. 1 and No. 14 to the Convention, the Law of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the LU) "On the Execution of Decisions and Application of the European Court Practice of Rights person", Law of Ukraine" On enforcement proceedings "," On state guarantees regarding the execution of court decisions ", Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 440, No. 703. On the example of the case «Scozzari and Giunta v. Italy», it was shown that the state must comply with the final decisions in which it is a party. This performance should not be limited to compensation for damage caused, but should also include the adoption of general measures and individual nature to correct problems. The work outlined the place of the Committee of Ministers of the Europe Council in the process of execution by states of final decisions regarding them. It was noted that the execution of final decisions is carried out under the control of the Ministers Committee. The resolution “Enforcement of judgments of the European Court of Human Affairs” adopted by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, according to which the violating state can be punished for improper execution of the decisions of the ECHR, in particular with regard to the introduction of legislative changes, was analyzed. The strictest of these penalties is the expulsion of the country from the Council of Europe, which once again underlines the importance of this issue. The article examined the legal nature of "pilot decisions", their difference from ordinary decisions. It was found that the purpose of making “pilot decisions” is to identify systemic problems of the state and help in solving them. The paper provides a list of systemic problems that arose in the practice of the ECHR in cases against Ukraine. On the example of two “pilot decisions”, “Yuriy Nikolayevich Ivanov v. Ukraine” and “Burmych and others v. Ukraine”, specific systemic problems are considered, the ways in which Ukraine tried to overcome them are analyzed. The work contains the reasons that lead to the Ukraine failure to comply with court decisions. These factors are broken down into 3 groups: legal, financial and institutional. The authors propose ways to solve these problems.

scholarly journals Human Rights Activities of Human Rights Commissioners: Issues and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Dmitriy E. Gulyaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Legislation ◽  
Federal Level ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article analyzes the problems that are currently being actively discussed by state authorities in the implementation of human rights activities by the Ombudsman in the Russian Federation and ombudsmen in the subject of the Russian Federation. The article contains suggestions for solving the problem of the lack of legal mechanisms for the transfer of powers by ombudsmen to other representatives during inspections of complaints received from citizens of the Russian Federation. The results of the analysis of the legislation of foreign countries are presented, on the basis of which the model of a special official of the Ombudsman suitable for Russia is substantiated, which is designed to increase the effectiveness of human rights activities. It is proposed to establish at the federal level the Institute of Deputy Ombudsman and provide for the possibility of establishing such an institution at the level of subjects of the Russian Federation. Deputies will be elected respectively by the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and the legislative (representative) bodies of subjects of the Russian Federation and will have legal status similar to ombudsmen. In this regard, it is proposed to amend the current federal legislation. The article also substantiates the position of the need to expand the range of powers of the Ombudsmen in the subjects of the Russian Federation in relation to territorial authorities, the activities of which are controlled by the President of the Russian Federation.

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