scholarly journals ​Standardization of Cold Solvent Extraction Parameters for Natural Red Pigments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mini ◽  
S.S. Aparna Nath ◽  
S.G. Lekshmi
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Ratio Requirement ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Extract Yield

Background: Selecting an appropriate extraction technique and optimization of extraction conditions must be done to improve the efficiency and productivity of natural colorant. Methods: Flesh and peels of four different raw materials viz., beetroot, carrot, pomegranate and grape were extracted independently using 100% ethyl alcohol using cold solvent extraction method adopting 1: 1 and 1: 2 w/v solid to solvent ratio for 24 and 48 hrs, forming 8 treatments replicated thrice in three factorial CRD. The collected extracts were evaporated at 60oC; per cent yield and pigment content were calculated. Result: Extract yield and pigment content were significantly influenced by raw material, solid to solvent ratio and duration of extraction. Extract yield was higher in flesh of carrot and beetroot as well as in peels of grape and pomegranate. Anthocyanin content in grape and pomegranate and betalain content in beetroot were high in peel where as β-carotene content was higher in carrot flesh extract. Per cent yield and pigment content increased with increased duration of extraction and solid to solvent ratio. Requirement of more solvent and longer extraction time are the drawback of conventional extraction methods and there is a growing demand for non-conventional techniques to enhance yield and maintain pigment stability.

scholarly journals Particular qualities of formation of sensory characteristics of jam made from the fruits from musky squash

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012105
Author(s):  
N A Piskunova ◽  
P D Osmolovskiy ◽  
L A Nemenushchaya ◽  
A A Dorozhkina ◽  
N N Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

Abstract The goal of the research is to study particular qualities of formation of sensory characteristics of jam made from the fruits from musky squash (synthetic varieties of Tsukatnaya and Moskovskaya aromatnaya produced by LLC «N.N. Timofeev plant breeding station»). The authors conducted biometrical observation and identified descriptors that described technological properties of fruits and maturation dynamics. The jam was made with the addition of fruit raw materials and the replacement part of the water in the sugar syrups with apple juice and a sensory assessment of the quality of the finished product was carried out. The studied varieties of musky squash during the growing seasons of different weather conditions showed high stability in the formation of the yield of the raw material, leveled by the maturity degree. Storing the fruits of the studied varieties of musky squash after harvesting for at least 2-3 months improves the technological properties of the raw material, which has a positive effect on the formation of the sensory characteristics of the finished product. The bright orange pulp of the studied pumpkin varieties with an average carotene content from 10.13 (Moskovskaya aromatnaya) to 13.3 mg% (Tsukatnaya variety) has a pronounced sweet taste and a pleasant aroma. This allows getting the highest quality jam by replacing 25% of the water in the sugar syrup with apple juice or adding 25% apples to the squash fruit. The fruits of musky squash varieties of Tsukatnaya and Moskovskaya aromatnaya produced by LLC «N.N. Timofeev plant breeding station» used in the jam production were grown in the Moscow region. This results in the formation of sensory characteristics representative of a high-quality product.

scholarly journals Effects of Microwave Pretreatment of Apple Raw Material on the Nutrients and Antioxidant Activities of Apple Juice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoying Zhang ◽  
Rui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Microwave Pretreatment ◽  
Scavenging Capacity

Microwave technology has been widely applied in food processing. To investigate the effects of microwave pretreatment of raw material on the nutrients and antioxidant activities of apple juice, the apple materials were treated with 90, 270, 450, 720, and 900 W microwave at 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 s, respectively. The results showed that after the raw materials were treated with microwave, the vitamin C, amino nitrogen, and anthocyanin content decreased, and the total flavonoids and polyphenol of apple juice increased. Further, the total polyphenol of apple juice originating from raw material treated with 900 W microwave through 75 s was 115% higher than that of control samples. The antioxidant activities of prepared apple juice increased in terms of diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, and iron chelating activity. So appropriate microwave pretreatment of apple raw material could increase some specific nutrients and enhance the antioxidant activities of apple juice.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Pelarut Eutektik K2CO3-Gliserol pada Ekstraksi Pigmen Antosianin dari Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Hazima Asni ◽  
Renita Manurung ◽  
Dian Bonella
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Extract Yield ◽  
Mangosteen Peel ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigments

Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) contains 593 ppm of anthocyanin. Anthocyanin pigment from mangosteen peel (Garcinia Mangostana Linn.) can be used as an alternative to synthetic dyes. Eutectic solvents are the latest development in extraction technology to extract anthocyanin from its source. The solvent used is pottasium carbonate-glycerol based eutectic solvent. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eutectic solvents on the extraction of anthocyanin pigments from mangosteen peel. This research consists of 2 treatment factors namely rmolar ratio of K2CO3: glycerol of 1: 5, 1: 6, and 1: 7 and material: solvent ratio of 1: 4, 1: 6 and 1: 8. Anthocyanin content and color intensity were analyzed using a Spectrophotometer UV-Vis.  Extraction using K2CO3 : glycerol eutectic solvent at a ratio of 1: 7 and the ratio of material: solvent 1: 8 produced the best treatment with extract yield of 46%; anthocyanin content of 263.976 mg/L, and color intensity value of 0.173.

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MASSES: IMPROVEMENT BY COMPLEX MATERIAL ACTIVATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-351
Author(s):  
A. S. Mavlyanov ◽  
E. K. Sardarbekova
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficient ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Masses

Introduction. The objective of the research is to study the effect of the complex activation of the alumina raw material on the rheological properties of the ceramic mass. In addition, the authors investigate solutions for the application of optimal coagulation structures based on loams and ash together with plastic certificates.Materials and methods. The authors used the local forest like reserves of clay loams at the BashKarasu, ash fields of the Bishkek Central Heating Centre (BTEC) and plasticizer (sodium naphthenate obtained from alkaline chemical production wastes) as fibrous materials. Moreover, the authors defined technological properties of raw materials within standard laboratory methodology in accordance with current GOSTs.Results. The researchers tested plastic durability on variously prepared masses for the choice of optimal structures. The paper demonstrated the plastic durability of complexly activated compounds comparing with non-activated and mechanically activated compounds. The sensitivity coefficient increased the amount of clay loams by mechanically and complexly activated, which predetermined the possibility of intensifying the process of drying samples based on complexly activated masses.Discussion and conclusions. However, mechanical activation of clay material reduces the period of relaxation and increases the elasticity coefficient of ceramic masses by 1.8–3.4 times, meanwhile decreases elasticity, viscosity and the conventional power during molding, which generally worsens the molding properties of the masses. Сomplex activation of ash-clay material decreases the period of relaxation and provides an increase in elasticity, plasticity of ceramic masses by 46–47%, reduction in viscosity by 1.5–2 times, conventional power on molding by 37–122% in comparison with MA clay loams. Ceramic masses based on spacecraft alumina raw materials belong to the SMT with improved rheological properties; products based on them pass through the mouthpiece for 5–7 seconds.

ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman L. Sahwan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

Nutritional Value Research of Spelt Pasta with Vegetable Additives

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Oliya Fazullina ◽  
Stanislav Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Health indicators of the population depend significantly on the food quality and nutritional value. Simple carbohydrates excess of and lack of protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and other physiologically active substances increase the risk of socially significant disease progress. The development and production of mass-consumed products with high nutritional and biological value, including affordable non-traditional raw materials use, are promising areas of the food industry development aimed at improving the nutritional status of the population. The article presents the research results on the developed Noodle products recipes from non-traditional raw materials that meet modern healthy nutrition requirements, intended for dietary treatment and dietary prevention of people with overweight / obesity. The research aimed at expanding the range of macaroni products with these characteristics. As the main raw material, a man selected whole-wheat flour – new spelt flour, and as additional raw materials – buckwheat flour, broccoli and celery powders. The researchers found that the introduction of macaroni products from buckwheat spelt, broccoli and celery powders into the recipe had a multidirectional effect, reducing or increasing various indicators of its nutritional value. The changes range did not affect the overall characteristics. The satisfaction degree of the average daily need for food substances and energy when consuming a portion of 100 g for each sample of developed Noodle products allows them to be classified as functional products that are protein and dietary fiber sources, according to the requirements of the TR CU 022/2011.

UNIDO, Industrial Processing of Natural Resources. New York: United Nations. 1981. viii + 78pp.US $ 5.00. [United Nations Publication Sales No. E. 81. 11 . B.1]

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Rashid Aziz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Manufactured Exports ◽  
Year 2000

The book under review is a concise but fairly in-depth study of the prospects for export diversification from the Less Developed Countries (henceforth labeled as LDCs) particularly to Developed Countries (henceforth labeled as OCs). Given the multiple problems faced by the LOCs in exporting to the OCs - protectionist policies with regards to manufactured exports, volatility of prices obtained for raw material exports, etc. - the study analyses the potential for following an intermediate route. The important issues in the export of semi -processed and wholly processed raw materials are discussed. 111ese issues range from the problems and potentials for the location of processing facilities in the LOCs to the formulation of appropriate policies to encourage an export of processed goods rather than raw materials. Such policies will be useful both in solving the balance of-payments problems of the LDCs and in attaining the goal of the Lima Declaration and Plan of Action on Industrial Development and Co-operation, that called for 2S percent of world industrial production to be located in the LOCs by the year 2000.

PENGARUH HARGA DAN PEMAKAIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU TERHADAP VOLUME PRODUKSI PADA PT. KELOLA MINA LAUT DI GRESIK

MANAJERIAL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
BAYU YRI WIDHARTO
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
T Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
F Test ◽  
Material Price

The purpose of the research was to know the affect of many factors which affected to the production volume in PT. Kelola Mina Laut Gresik. What the price of raw materials was and the used of raw materials partially and simultan eously affected on the production volume. The analysis tool which used was a model of multiple linear regression. Hypothesis testing used t test and F test, both at the significant level 5%. Based of the analysis of research on PT Kelola Mina Laut Gresik. Partially, inventory raw material price had not significant effect on the production volume, consumption of raw material inventory affected significantly of the production volume. Inventory of raw material price and the use of raw material simultan eously affect significantly to the production volume.

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

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