scholarly journals A study on problems of major pulses producers and their solutions in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Singh ◽  
Raju Kumar ◽  
S. K. Yadav ◽  
H.S. Roy ◽  
A. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Lower Class ◽  
Price Transmission ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Indian Diet ◽  
Trade And Investment

Pulses are a major constitutent along with rice or wheat in the Indian diet of the middle and lower class. Slight reduction in the production results in drastic increase in the price of pulses due to the deficit unfulfillment in the short duration as India is the only largest and important producer along with the major consumer. Survey is done in the Bundhelkhand (Pulse producing hub of India) and adjoining areas to understand the Pulses producers and producing region economic and livelihood pattern. Trade and transport infrastructure, supply chain management, Price transmission behavior and margins earned by different value participants have been studied through nine mandis selected within pulses hub and adjoining areas. The rules of trade and investment in pulses production are governed by processing and distribution rather than production. Lacking low-interest credit, commodity boards for producers, subsidized inputs, quality seeds availability and distribution with respect to time, place and quantity and access of market information engraves the problem with the individual pulses farmers. The strong policy intervention by government is needed to stabilize the price of Pulses through maintaining the buffer stock and price subsidizing to favor the consumers. Both producer and consumer remains culprit at the hands of few traders and processors.

scholarly journals Feeling Uncertainty during the Lockdown That Commenced in March 2020 in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5105
Author(s):  
Dimitris Zavras
Keyword(s):  
Lower Class ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Limited Health Literacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited Health ◽  
The Individual

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant uncertainty for the global population. However, since not all population groups experience the impacts of the pandemic in the same way, the objective of this study was to identify the individual characteristics associated with the feeling of uncertainty during the lockdown that commenced in March 2020 in Greece. The study used data from the “Public Opinion in the European Union (EU) in Time of Coronavirus Crisis” survey. The sample consisted of 1050 individuals aged between 16 and 54 years. According to the analysis, which was based on a logistic regression model, the emotional status of older individuals, those who experienced income and job losses since the beginning of the pandemic, and middle-class and high-class individuals, is more likely to be described as a feeling of uncertainty. In addition, the emotional status of individuals with less concern for their own health and that of family and friends is less likely to be described as a feeling of uncertainty. Although the results related to age, income, and job losses, as regards concern for health, agree with the international literature, the limited health literacy of lower-class individuals may explain the reduced likelihood of their experiencing feelings of uncertainty. The results confirm the international literature describing several aspects of uncertainty due to the COVID-19 crisis.

scholarly journals   Integration policy in the agri-food chains: theory and empirical evidences

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 409-424
Author(s):  
G. Martino ◽  
R. Panini ◽  
F. Morbidelli
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Organizational Adaptation ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Hybrid Governance ◽  
The Face

The paper considers the problem of the organizational adaptation of the supply chain in the face of the emerging inducement to integration. We focus on the policy intervention aimed at achieving a closer coordination among the chain agents and consider the relation between the policy and the spontaneous processes undertaken by the agents. A framework based on four dimensions (state of alignment, enforcement procedures, responsibility and stability) is proposed. This framework supports the hypothesis that the effectiveness of the policy intervention depends on the possibilities of the existence of hybrid governance structures. We analyze the agents’ attitudes toward integration and propose two case studies on two integration projects carried out in Central Italy. The results of our study corroborate the hypothesis and suggest that integration entails many supply chain management components. However, our findings suggest that the policy intervention may face limits due to the processes undertaken by the agents.  

scholarly journals How supply chain management can contribute to European integration?

2005 ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Werner Delfmann
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
The Individual

The author wants to discuss how the dynamics of global value chains and the implementation of the concept of Supply Chain Management impact the process of European Integration. Not only the Economic Integration. He wants to explicate that and how this impact goes further into the domains of social and even cultural integration. While Value Chain research has a strong economic focus, including international trade and developing countries issues (Kaplinsky, 2004), Supply Chain Management, SCM is focused on the individual company level, vertical co-operation and corporate strategy. Both perspectives are inseparably intertwined. However, with the following reflections he wants to emphasise the inter-company perspective of SCM. In explicating the conceptual alternatives of SCM, SC Governance and their dynamics in a general way, he wants to lay the groundwork for the final conclusions regarding the potential impacts of SCM on European Integration.

scholarly journals Requirements for Pavement Base Layers with Unbound Granular Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Silvia Cápayová ◽  
Zuzana Štefunková ◽  
Stanislav Unčík ◽  
Andrea Zuzulová
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
The Road ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Pavement Base ◽  
Temperature Water

Abstract Pavement structures, layers, and parameters must meet the strict requirements of applicable standards and regulations. The thickness of layers and the choice of materials depend on the factors involved, i.e., the traffic load and climatic factors (changes in temperature, water, rain, snow); they are also dependent on the geological environment at the road construction site and the parameters and properties of the embankment (the subgrade of the pavement). In some cases, the capacity of the existing transport infrastructure is on the edge of sustainability. The increase in the traffic load and the use of lower-class roads by freight transport, together with insufficient maintenance, has resulted in a deterioration of road conditions, thereby causing many deficiencies and failures. The required serviceability and operational performance of roads can be ensured by the choice of suitable quality materials and technological construction processes. Technologies that are environmentally acceptable and economically efficient should be preferred.

Global Migration: Causes and Consequences

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Helms ◽  
David Leblang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Initial Decision ◽  
Decision Points ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trade And Investment

International migration is a multifaceted process with distinct stages and decision points. An initial decision to leave one’s country of birth may be made by the individual or the family unit, and this decision may reflect a desire to reconnect with friends and family who have already moved abroad, a need to diversify the family’s access to financial capital, a demand to increase wages, or a belief that conditions abroad will provide social and/or political benefits not available in the homeland. Once the individual has decided to move abroad, the next decision is the choice of destination. Standard explanations of destination choice have focused on the physical costs associated with moving—moving shorter distances is often less expensive than moving to a destination farther away; these explanations have recently been modified to include other social, political, familial, and cultural dimensions as part of the transaction cost associated with migrating. Arrival in a host country does not mean that an émigré’s relationship with their homeland is over. Migrant networks are an engine of global economic integration—expatriates help expand trade and investment flows, they transmit skills and knowledge back to their homelands, and they remit financial and human capital. Aware of the value of their external populations, home countries have developed a range of policies that enable them to “harness” their diasporas.

Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce and Convergent Assembly Supply Chain Management

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy J. Strader ◽  
Fu-Ren Lin ◽  
Michael J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Inventory Costs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Convergent Assembly

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) can occur between a business and its customers, as well as between a business and its suppliers. To facilitate interorganizational e-commerce it is often necessary to share supply and demand information between supply chain partners. Based on our analysis of supply chains in several industries we identify the mechanisms (business processes) required for effective supply chain management. We also identify the information system components needed to support these mechanisms, show how the individual components can be integrated into an information infrastructure framework and identify some technologies currently available that can fit within our proposed infrastructure. We illustrate the usefulness of our framework by simulating convergent assembly (commonly associated with motor vehicle and aerospace production) supply chain performance under various information-sharing strategies supported by our proposed infrastructure. We find that inventory costs can be reduced while maintaining acceptable order fulfilment cycle times. This is true because information, which provides the basis for enhanced coordination and reduced uncertainty, can substitute for inventory.

More on Mmax

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven N. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Lower Magnitude ◽  
Fault Length

Abstract M max the maximum magnitude earthquake that a fault is likely to suffer, plays an important role in earthquake hazard estimation. Although observational evidence summarized in plots of characteristic earthquake magnitude (Mchar) versus fault length indicate that smaller faults produce lower magnitude events, an argument has been made that any fault regardless of its length should have Mmax near magnitude 8. The rationale for this argument charges that the contrary observational evidence stems from historical catalogs of limited extent and that it largely excludes nonconventional earthquakes in which several short and apparently disconnected fault segments fail simultaneously. This article addresses Mmax using computer models of rupture on faults of various strengths and configurations. Computer models have advantages in that (a) Mmax earthquakes always can be generated by forcing complete stress drop on fully stressed faults, thus avoiding the limitations of short historical catalogs, and (b) the circumstances necessary for the failure of several segments to contribute to a large Mmax can be investigated quantitatively. I find that for a strikeslip California environment, it is physically unlikely for an M 8 event to break less than 300 to 400 km of fault. Were this M 8 rupture to occur on as few as five independent segments, shear strength of the participating faults would have to be raised to implausible levels. If the fault segments are not independent and their coseismic stress fields interact, then amplifications in slip are possible without drastic increase in strength. The range of fault geometries where strong interactions and amplifications of stress occur, however, is very restricted, and discontinuous faults separated by even 5% of their length act more or less independently. Mmax earthquakes breading realistic-looking distributions of discontinuous faults rarely are more than 0.1-magnitude unit bigger than would be predicted from a moment summation based on the characteristic magnitude Mchar of each of the individual faults. A prudent course in hazard analysis differentiates Mmax from Mchar allowing Mmax to be 0.2 to 0.3 units larger than Mchar but not automatically equal to 8.

The Effect of ICT-Based Market Information Services on the Performance of Agricultural Markets

2013 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Irene S. Egyir ◽  
Ramatu M. Al-Hassan ◽  
James K. Abakah
Keyword(s):  
Autoregressive Model ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Price Transmission ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transactions Costs ◽  
Market Information ◽  
Threshold Autoregressive ◽  
Threshold Autoregressive Model ◽  
Spatial Price

This study is concerned with how markets of agricultural commodities have responded to the improved ICT-based market information services in Ghana since 2005. The data employed are monthly prices wholesale from 2001-2010, covering four markets in the Northern and Greater Accra regions. The data was used to estimate a threshold autoregressive model to measure the level of spatial price integration between the four markets, and focusing on maize. In addition, data on market structure and conduct was collected from 486 marketers to explain performance indicators. The study finds that, the speed of price transmission in maize markets increased by 6 percent after 2005, however there has not been marked reduction in transactions costs. Despite increased use of the mobile phone, market-based exchanges still rely heavily on visual inspection. The implication is that more should be done to improve transport infrastructure and to ensure enforcement of standardization rules.

Key factors in tourism management to improve competitiveness in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Guaita Martínez ◽  
Paula Serdeira Azevedo ◽  
José María Martín Martín ◽  
Rosa María Puertas Medina
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Latin American Countries

PurposeThis paper analyzes tourism competitiveness in Latin America, providing a country-level ranking of tourism competitiveness. The study also identifies which areas of management to focus on in order to increase competitiveness in each case.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on the variables used by the World Economic Forum (WEF) to measure tourism competitiveness. The DP2 distance method is used to create a synthetic indicator. This method helps identify which areas best explain differences in competitiveness between countries.FindingsIn tourism, the most competitive Latin American countries are Costa Rica, Chile, Panama, Mexico and Uruguay. The areas that best explain the differences between countries relate to cultural and natural resources, the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICTs), international openness and transport infrastructure. These are therefore priority areas for tourism managers.Practical implicationsThis paper provides detailed analysis for each country. The situation in each country is presented in terms of the key areas highlighted by the analysis. This approach can aid the individual decisions of companies and public managers, thus enhancing tourism competitiveness. This greater competitiveness can strengthen the tourism sector, which is crucial in uncertain times.Originality/valueBased on a synthetic indicator, this research offers the first country-level analysis of tourism competitiveness in Latin America. The study is also novel in its ability to detect the areas where action should be taken to improve tourism competitiveness. This analysis offers an alternative to the WEF Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which has certain weaknesses. The results can help enhance tourism competitiveness in Latin American countries through the specific recommendations presented in this paper.

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