Effects of prebiotics on intestinal histo-morphometry and gut microflora status of broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Biswas ◽  
R. Messam ◽  
M. Kumawat ◽  
M. Namit ◽  
A.B. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Soybean Diet

A feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of prebiotics on intestinal histo-morphometry and gut health status of broiler chickens. A total number of 240 day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six dietary treatment groups having five replicates each with eight birds per replicate for six weeks. A basal corn-soybean diet was formulated that served as control (T1). The rest five test dietary treatments were prepared by adding antibiotic (bacitracin methylene di-salicylate-BMD at 0.002% of diet (T2), prebiotics i.e., mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) at 0.1% or 0.2% (T3 and T4) and fructo oligosaccharides (FOS) at 0.1% or 0.2% (T5, T6 respectively) with basal diet. Total anaerobes counts were significantly (P LESS THAN 0.05) reduced at 21 and 42 d at ileum in T2, T3 and T4 groups whereas, coliforms count were reduced (P LESS THAN 0.05) in T2 and T3 groups. However, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count were significantly (P Less than 0.05) increased in T3 and T4 groups but lactobacillus count were increased (P less than 0.05) in only T3 group at 21 and 42 d in ileum. Villus height (VH) and width (VW) were significantly increased (P less than 0.05) at 21d and 42 d in T3 and T4 groups, whereas, at 21 d, crypt depth (CD) were increased (P less than 0.05) in T3 and T4 groups but at 42 d, CD were significantly improved in T3 and T4 or T5 and T6 groups. No significant (P>0.05) differences were observed in ratio between VH and CD at 21d or 42 d. Thus, it might he concluded that 0.1% or 0.2% MOS inclusion in basal diet improved intestinal histo-morphometry and gut health in broiler chickens and it is a better alternate feed additive to replacement of antibiotic growth promoter.

scholarly journals MEAT QUALITY AND LIPID PROFILE OF BROILER CHICKENS FED DIETS CONTAINING TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA) POWDER AND CAYENNE PEPPER (CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS) POWDER AS ANTIOXIDANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-91
Author(s):  
K. A. SANWO ◽  
A. V. ADEGOKE ◽  
L. T. EGBEYALE ◽  
J. A. ABIONA ◽  
R. A. SOBAYO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This experiment was designed to determine the meat quality and lipid profile of broiler chickens fed diets containing turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder (Tur) and cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens) powder (Cay) as antioxidants. Two hundred and forty three (two-week old) Abor Acre broiler chicks were randomly allotted to nine treatment groups of 27 birds each, consisting of three replicates of nine birds each in a completely randomised design. Three levels of Tur (0, 2 and 4 g/kg) and three levels of Cay (0, 1 and 2 g/kg) were used to provide nine dietary treatments.  Meat quality indices such as cook and refrigerated losses, water absorptive power, etc were measured and determined at the 8th week. Broiler Chickens fed the basal diet had highest meat dry matter, protein content and least (p<0.05) meat pH, cook and refrigeration loss values. Meat triglyceride and meat malondialdehyde value was best (p<0.05) in treatments fed dietary 2 g/kg Cay, while chickens fed 2 g/kg Cay, 2 g/kg Tur + 1 g/kg Cay and 2 g/kg Tur + 2 g/kg Cay had better meat lipoprotein values. For meat sensory characteristic, meat flavour of broiler chickens fed diets containing 2 and 4 g/kg dietary Tur, were  moderately liked while overall flavour was best (p<0.05) in groups fed the basal diet with no dietary additive. It was evident in the study that the dietary inclusions of the test ingredients limited lipid oxidation, thus improved storage duration and meat flavor.    

scholarly journals Use of dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed for the production of safe broiler lean meat

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Mohammad Toaha ◽  
Bazlur Rahman Mollah ◽  
Muslah Uddin Ahammad
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Broiler Diet ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

An experiment was conducted for a period of 28 days to determine the dietary effect of fenugreek seeds (FGS) on the productive and economic performances of broilers. A total of 400 day-old Hubbard Classic straight run broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 5 isonitrogenous and iso-caloric dietary treatment groups, each having 80 chicks in 4 replications of 20 numbers, in a completely randomized design (CRD). Broilers were fed ad libitum on either basal diet with (positive control) or without (negative control) 0.1% antibiotic (used as antibiotic growth promoter; AGP) or basal diet containing 1.0%, 2.0% or 3.0% FGS. There were no differences in live weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the treatment groups for broilers up to 14 days of age (P>0.05). Broilers fed on the diet containing FGS exhibited significantly better productive performances than those fed on AGP (P<0.01). However, the highest productive performances were recorded for the 2.0% FGSfed broilers in all treatment groups, followed by broilers received 1.0% and 3% FGS (P<0.01). Inclusion of dietary FGS at 2% level resulted in higher dressed carcass, breast, thigh and drumstick meat weight compared to any other level of the FGS inclusion in broiler diet (P<0.01). Unlike the AGP, addition of 2% FGS to the diet significantly reduced abdominal fat (P<0.01). With regard to economic performance, broilers fed on diet containing 2% FGS fetched highest profit in the dietary treatment groups. Inclusion of FGS in broiler diet resulted in lower feed cost and higher profit compared to the inclusion of AGP in the diet. It may be concluded that supplementation of FGS in diets may be useful for efficient and economic production of broiler. The inclusion of FGS at 2% level in broiler diet may be profitable in the production of lean meat of broilers.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 305-314, August 2016

scholarly journals β-mannanase and mannan oligosaccharides in broiler chicken feed

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ramos Sales Mendes de Barros ◽  
Geraldo Roberto Quintão Lana ◽  
Sandra Roselí Valerio Lana ◽  
Ângela Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
Fabio Sales Albuquerque Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Mannan Oligosaccharides

The study aimed to evaluate the use of β-mannanase and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) to replace growth promoters in broiler diets. Four hundred male Cobb broiler chicks were used, with initial weight of 45±1g, distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and eight repetitions of ten birds. The treatments were: basal feed; basal feed without growth promoter; basal feed without growth promoter + β-mannanase; basal feed without growth promoter + MOS; and basal feed without growth promoter + β-mannanase + MOS. The feed intake of the birds increased in response to dietary treatments compared to basal diet during the period 1-21 days of age. A higher weight gain and improved feed conversion was found at 42 days of age among birds that had received the basal diet without growth promoter + MOS. The absolute weight at slaughter, relative carcass and prime cuts except breast weights improved in response to dietary treatments compared to the basal diet at 42 days of age. No difference was observed in relative weight of the liver, while significant differences were found in the weight of heart, gizzard, and abdominal fat. It was concluded that β-mannanase and MOS can replace the growth promoters in broiler diets without compromising production and economic performance. However, the association of these products into the feed may cause negative interaction that reduces the broiler chickens' performance

scholarly journals Effect of Prebiotics from Mannan Oligosaccharides and Fructo-oligosaccharides on Physio-biochemical Indices, Antioxidant and Oxidative Stability of Broiler Chicken Meat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avishek Biswas ◽  
Namit Mohan ◽  
Kapil Dev ◽  
N A Mir ◽  
Ashok Kumar Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Mannan Oligosaccharides

Abstract Antibiotics have revolutionized the intensive poultry production system as a feed additive by promoting growth, production and meat quality through improving gut health and reduction of sub-clinical infections during last five decades. However, currently, the usage of antibiotics in poultry production is under severe scientific and public scrutiny, because antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) has been linked to the possible development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, which may pose a threat to human health. After European Union ban on in feed antibiotics as growth promoter in poultry, since 2006, prebiotics offer a potential substitute to in feed antibiotics. In this effort, the objective of this present study was to investigate the potentiality of prebiotics (mannan oligosaccharides-MOS and fructo-oligosaccharides-FOS) in replacement of antibiotic growth promoter and their relationship with physio-biochemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability and carcass traits of broiler chickens meat. 240 day-old broiler chicks (1 d) of uniform body weight were divided into 30 replicate groups having 8 birds in each. Six corn based dietary treatments were formulated viz. T1 (control diet), T2 (T1 + Bacitracin methylene di-salicylate @ 20 mg/kg diet), T3 (T1 + 0.1% MOS), T4 (T1 + 0.2% MOS), T5 (T1 + 0.1% FOS), and T6 (T1 + 0.2% FOS). Significant (P<0.05) increase in cut up part yields (%) and reduction in cholesterol and fat content in T4 (0.2 % MOS) group. The water holding capacity (WHC) and extract release volume (ERV) were increase (P<0.05) in 0.1 or 0.2 % MOS supplemented group. DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy) was higher (P<0.05) and lipid oxidation (free fatty acid and thio-barbituric acid reactive substances) was lower (P<0.05) in T4 group. The standard plate count (SPC), staphylococcus and coliform counts were decreased (P<0.05) in T3 or T4 group. Thus, it can be concluded that mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) may be incorporated at 0.2% level in diet for improved physio-biochemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens meat and it may be suitable replacer of antibiotic growth promoter.

scholarly journals Effects of cLFchimera peptide on intestinal morphology, integrity, microbiota, and immune cells in broiler chickens challenged with necrotic enteritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Daneshmand ◽  
Hassan Kermanshahi ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Sekhavati ◽  
Ali Javadmanesh ◽  
Monireh Ahmadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Junctional Proteins ◽  
Intestinal Lesions

Abstract Three hundred and sixty 1-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 4 treatments of 6 replicates to evaluate the effects of cLFchimera, a recombinant antimicrobial peptide (AMP), on gut health attributes of broiler chickens under necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge. Treatments were as follows: (T1) unchallenged group fed with corn-soybean meal (CSM) without NE challenge and additives (NC); (T2) group fed with CSM and challenged with NE without any additives (PC); (T3) PC group supplemented with 20 mg cLFchimera/kg diet (AMP); (T4) PC group supplemented with 45 mg antibiotic (bacitracin methylene disalicylate)/kg diet (antibiotic). Birds were sampled for villi morphology, ileal microbiota, and jejunal gene expression of cytokines, tight junctions proteins, and mucin. Results showed that AMP ameliorated NE-related intestinal lesions, reduced mortality, and rehabilitated jejunal villi morphology in NE challenged birds. While the antibiotic non-selectively reduced the count of bacteria, AMP restored microflora balance in the ileum of challenged birds. cLFchimera regulated the expression of cytokines, junctional proteins, and mucin transcripts in the jejunum of NE challenged birds. In conclusion, cLFchimera can be a reliable candidate to substitute growth promoter antibiotics, while more research is required to unveil the exact mode of action of this synthetic peptide.

scholarly journals Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as a phytogenic growth promoter alternative for antibiotic and comparable to mannan oligosaccharides for broiler chicks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A. Attia ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Harthi ◽  
Saber S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
European Production

This work aimed at investigating the potential as a growth enhancer of different dietary concentrations of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as an alternative to oxytetracyline and antibiotics and as comparable to mannan oligosaccharide for broiler chicks. A total of 252 Hubbard broiler chicks at one day of age were distributed randomly in a straight run experimental design among six treatments, each replicated seven times, with six unsexed chicks per replicate. The basal diet was administered without supplements (control group) or supplemented with turmeric at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg diet, or with mannan oligosacride (MOS) at 1 g/kg feed or with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 50 mg/kg feed. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality traits, blood biochemical constituents, antioxidant status and red blood cell (RBCs) were investigated. Turmeric supplementation at 1 g/kg feed significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European production index compared to the control group and MOS groups. The results indicated that turmeric can be used at 1 kg/t feed as a phytogenic feed additive as an alternative to OTC or MOS without negative effects on the productive and economic traits of broilers. There were no differences from using OTC and MOS, while there was an increase in the European production efficiency index and the broilers’ health status.

scholarly journals Effects of Mesobiliverdin IXα-Enriched Microalgae Feed on Gut Health and Microbiota of Broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Wei T. Chang ◽  
Jon Y. Takemoto ◽  
Pei-En Chang ◽  
Madher N. AlFindee ◽  
Yuan-Yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Gut inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) links to animal medicinal feed and antibiotic-resistance are fueling major economic impacts in the agricultural livestock industry. New animal feeds that promote livestock gut health and control of IBDs without antibiotics are needed. This study investigates the effects of mesobiliverdin IXα (MBV)-enriched microalgae spirulina extracts on the growth performance, blood parameters, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota of broilers. A total of 288 1-day-old broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments (4 pens/treatment and 12 birds/pen). The dietary treatments comprised a basal diet as control (CON), basal diet plus 0.05 and 0.1% microalgae extract as low and high dose, respectively (SP1 and SP2), basal diet plus 0.05 and 0.1% MBV-enriched microalgae extract as low and high dose, respectively (MBV-SP1 and MBV-SP2), and basal diet plus 0.1% amoxicillin (AMX). All treated animals showed no significant differences in live weight, average daily gain, and feed efficiency compared to control animals. Histological examination showed that AMX treatment decreased the villi lengths of the duodenum and ileum below control villi length (P &lt; 0.05) while MBV-SP1 and particularly MBV-SP2 increased villi lengths in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum above AMX -treatment lengths (P &lt; 0.05). The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the cecum of broilers fed AMX (P &lt; 0.05) while SP2, MBV-SP1, and MBV-SP2-fed animals showed (in order) increasing ratios up to the AMX level. The abundance of bacterial species of the genus Lactobacillus increased in MBV-SP1 and MBV-SP2-fed groups including a striking increase in Lactobacillus salivarius abundance with MBV-SP2 (P &lt; 0.05). Feeding MBV-SP1 and MBV-SP2 decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in plasma of broilers to a greater extent than SP1 and SP2. These results reveal that MBV-enriched microalgae extracts improve the intestinal health and beneficial microflora composition of broilers.

scholarly journals Haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed roselle seed (Hibiscus sabdariffa l.) cake based diet as replacement for soyabean meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
J. C. Ezike ◽  
W. Amaduruonye ◽  
J. Nathaniel ◽  
G. Daniel-Igwe,
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Feeding trial experiment was carried out to evaluate the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens fed graded levels of Roselle Seed Cake (RSC) as replacement of a conventional protein source. Proximate composition was done to determine the nutrient content of RSC and experimental diets. The experiment contained graded levels of RSC replacing soya bean cake (SBC). One hundred and twenty (120) day old Ross broiler chickens were used in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The broiler chicks were assigned to five dietary treatments with three replicates each with 8 birds per replicate and 24 birds per treatment. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated for the broiler straight diet. Diet 1 served asthe control diet while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 contained 8%, 16%, 24% and 32% RSC respectively. Data were collected and analyzed using analysis of variance and the mean was separated using Duncan multiple range test. The findings from the study showed that there were no significant (P?0.05) differences in all the parameters measured for haematology across dietary treatment means except for the white blood cell. The blood biochemical composition showed no significant (P?0.05) differences in total protein, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and creatinine across dietary treatments. RSC as an alternative feedstuff can replace soya bean cake at 24% in the diet of broiler chickens for improved haematological and blood biochemical of broilers. Roselle seed cake can replace SBC at the broiler chicken straight ration at 75% (24% dietary RSC) inclusion for better performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Turmeric Powder on Clostridium Perfringens Load in Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
MZ Ali ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
S Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Environment Control

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a major economic problem in broiler industry globally and is caused by Clostridium perfringens. The aim of the study was to know the effects of turmeric on C. perfringens in broiler chickens. A total of 3000-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were divided into 6 groups and reared in environment control sheds with similar management. Each group contains 500 chicks and again divided into two subgroups as control and treatment with 250 chicks. In treatment groups added 2gm/kg turmeric powder with basal feeds and reared up to 30 days and follow standard vaccine schedule. Intestinal samples were collected every week from each group to detect C. perfringens load. Bodyweight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rates were also calculated. The findings were loads of C. perfringens in treatment groups decreased significantly compared to control groups. At 4th week average count of C. perfringens was 4.44±0.12 log CFU/g and 2.68±0.17 log CFU/g in control and treatment groups, respectively. Average chick’s mortality decreased significantly in treatment groups. The flock mortality was decreased significantly in treatment groups (1.40%) compared to control groups (2.17%). The FCR become significantly decreased in treatment groups (1.490) compared to control groups (1.571). Therefore, use of turmeric powder in broiler ration can reduce NE by decreasing C. perfringens loads and it could be a good source of non-antibiotic growth promoter in poultry towards reduce antibiotic resistance and consumer will get a pathogen free rich protein source. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 209-218 (2020)

scholarly journals Phytogenic additive as an alternative to growth promoters in broiler chickens

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerson Neudí Scheuermann ◽  
Anildo Cunha Junior ◽  
Lucas Cypriano ◽  
Alexandre Mossate Gabbi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
The Cost

This study evaluated a phytogenic feed additive for broiler chickens. A total of 1,632 broiler chicks were distributed into four treatments: negative control (without growth promoter); positive control (avilamycine, 10ppm + colistin, 15ppm); and two alternative treatments with 150ppm of phytogenic additive, one with a reduced Ca and P levels diet (PA-R1) and the other with lower energy, and amino acids, besides Ca and P (PA-R2). The trial was conducted with 12 replicates, each consisted of a pen with 34 birds. The alternative diets showed body weight intermediate to the two controls at 42 days, with no significant (P>0.05) treatment effect on feed conversion ratio. No treatment differences (P>0.05) on carcass yield and composition was observed. There was a tendency of abdominal fat lipids saturation, when the phytogenic additive was used, as possible consequence of a decreased level of soybean oil in the diets. A difference (P<0.001) on ingredient consumption profile was observed between the treatments. All together, this study showed a possibility to reduce the cost of total feed used to produce a broilers or a ton of body weight by the utilization of the tested phytogenic additive.

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