scholarly journals Stability analysis of pigeon pea genotypes by deployment of AMMI model under rainfed environment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jogendra Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Abdul Fiyaz R ◽  
Muneendra Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All

Twenty one genotypes of pigeon pea were evaluated in a randomized complete block design during the Kharif season of 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 based upon number of primary branches per plant, pod length, number of grains per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. The stability was studied by deploying AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) model. The significant differences among the years were observed and measured more than 50% of the treatment sum of squares. First principal component axis (PCA1) of the interaction captured more than 60% of the interaction sum of squares for almost all the traits studied. The mean seed yield per plant was found highest (39.15 g) and at par similar in all the three years. Nine stable and high yielding genotypes viz., PUSA 2003-1; CORG-2001-5; WREG- 28; PANT-A-286; H-94-6; GT 101; ICPL-99004; ICPL-85010 and UPAS-120 exhibited stable performance under the rainfed environmental conditions for more than one traits studied and also under more than one year.

Stability Analyses using Regression and AMMI Models for Seed Yield in Blackgram

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manivannan ◽  
A. Mahalingam ◽  
K. Bharathikumar ◽  
K. Rajalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ideal Genotype ◽  
Almost All

Background: Blackgram is an important pulse crop grown in almost all agro ecological zones in India. One of the major limitations of pulse cultivation in India is lack of superior genotypes with better adaptation to local conditions. Hence developing high yielding stable blackgram genotypes becomes a necessity to improve the area and production across the country. With this background, the present study was undertaken to identify stable and superior performing blackgram genotypes over seasons. Methods: The experiment was carried out during kharif 2017, rabi 2017-18, kharif 2018 and rabi 2018-19 at National Pulse Research Centre, Vamban. A total of 21 genotypes were evaluated in randomized block design with two replications in each environment. The data on seed yield was subjected to statistical analysis. The G X E interaction was studied as per Eberhart and Russell model, AMMI model and GGE biplot analyses. Result: In Eberhart and Russell model, the checks VBN 6, VBN 8 and VBN 10 and genotypes VBG 17-019, VBG 17-023 and VBG 17-026 were considered as stable with average response to the environments. In biplot 1 of AMMI analysis, check VBN 8 and genotypes VBG 16-005 and VBG 17-023 were considered as stable with high mean seed yield and less interaction with environment. In biplot 2 of AMMI analysis VBG 16-005 and VBG 007 were less interactive genotypes. GGE biplots indicated that rabi seasons are more informative than kharif seasons to assess the stability of genotypes. This model identified VBG 17-007, VBG 17-024 and VBG 17-030 as ideal genotype with high mean seed yield and stability. It also identified VBG 17-023 as with high mean seed yield and moderate interaction with environment. Based on the results of all models, the genotype VBG 17-023 was considered as stable genotype with high mean seed yield. Hence, the genotype VBG 17-023 can be tested in larger environments to release for general cultivation.

Evaluation of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Hybrids Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (63) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Natalija Markova Ruzdik ◽  
Ilija Karov ◽  
Sasa Mitrev ◽  
Biljana Gjorgjieva ◽  
Biljana Kovacevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Main Components

AbstractEvaluation and characterization of sunflower hybrids using morphological, physiological and biochemical data are necessary and essential in sunflower breeding programs. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the productive possibilities of some sunflower hybrids grown in Macedonian environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out during the period 2013 and 2014 on the research field of the Faculty of Agriculture, “Goce Delchev” University – Shtip, in Ovche Pole locality, Republic of Macedonia. Total 20 sunflower hybrids were used as an experimental material. The trial was arranged as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The average content of oil and oleic acid were 45.6 and 65.2%, respectively. The highest seed yield from all sunflower hybrids was obtained for the hybrid NLK12M144 (3,344 kg ha–1) and the lowest for hybrid NLK12S126 (2,244 kg ha–1). Cluster analysis classified the sunflower hybrids into four groups based on agronomic traits and seed yield. Most of the hybrids were included in cluster I and III (7 hybrids) followed by cluster IV. Using principal component analysis two main components have been extracted, with eigenvalue greater than one. They account for 72.99% of the variability in the original data. Only four hybrids had positive values for both main components (NLK12M144, NLK12S070, NLK12S125 and NLN12N011 DMR). The results from this study can be used to identify the best sunflower hybrids grown under Macedonian environmental conditions and to select the superior hybrids for future exploitation.

scholarly journals SARS-COV2 VARIANTS AND VACCINES MRNA SPIKES FIBONACCI NUMERICAL UA/CG METASTRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 349-396
Author(s):  
Jean Claude Perez
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Fibonacci Numbers ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
World Population ◽  
Synonymous Codons ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

In this paper, we suggest a biomathematical numerical method for analysing mRNA nucleotides sequences based on UA/CG Fibonacci numbers proportions. This method is used to evaluate then compare the spike genes related to the main SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS currently circulating within the world population. The 10 main results proposed to be reproduced by peers are: SARS-CoV2 genome and spike evolution in one year 2020-2021. SARS-CoV2 Origins. Comparing 11 reference variants spikes. Analysing 32 CAL.20C California variant patients’ spikes. Toward a meta mRNA Fibonacci gene end message code. Analysing S501 UK, S484 South Africa and « 2 mutations » INDIA variants. Suggesting a possible variants spike mRNA palindrome symmetry metastructure improving mRNA stability then infectiousness. Analysing Fibonacci Metastructures in the mRNA coding for the vaccines PFIZER and MODERNA. Does the CG-rich modification of the synonymous codons of the spikes of the 2 mRNA vaccines affect the expression and quantity of SARS-CoV2 antibodies? The exceptional case of the Brazilian variant P.1. Particularly, we suggest the following conjecture at mRNA folding level: CONJECTURE of SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS: The growth of long Fibonacci structures in the shape of "podiums" for almost all of the variants studied (UK, California, South Africa, India, etc.) suggests the probable folding of the Spike mRNA in the form of a "hairpin", which can strengthen the cohesion and the lifespan of this mRNA. Finally, we show that these kinds of Fibonacci matastructures disapear TOTALLY by analysing the published mRNA sequences of PFIZER and MODERNA vaccines. One fact is certain, the two mRNAs of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines will result in a low functionality of the spike vaccine. This is because their designers by seeking greater stability, have doped to build CG rich sequences   which, as soon as they are inserted into the human host, will, paradoxically, seek to mutate, like SARS-CoV2 variants, towards CG ==> UA forms in order to improve their STABILITY and LIFETIME. We conclude using new biomathematics theoretical methods (Master code and numerical standing waves), and comparing the Spikes of the two vaccines Moderna and Pfizer, that there will be very probable differences in stability and shelf life of the two respective mRNAs vaccines. However, “State of the Art” analyzes will disclose that their two protein sequences are strictly identical. By modified their synonymous codons using different strategies, no one can guarantee that the quantity of antibodies generated will be identical in the two cases. We wish to draw attention to the great ADAPTATION power - at the global scale of their genomes - of the most infectious VARIANTS, such as the BRAZIL 20J / 501Y.V3 variant (P.1). This is very worrying for the VACCINES <==> VARIANTS run: We demonstrate how the Brazilian variant P.1 which becomes uncontrollable in Brazil in April 2021 has a level of organization of long metastructures of 17,711 bases covering the genome which is 3.6 more important than that of the 2 reference genomes SARS-CoV2  and worldwide D614G. We suggest that this high level of overall structure of this variant contributes to the stability of this genome and, might explain its greater contagiousness. To complete this article, an ADDENDUM by Nobelprizewinner Luc Montagnier vas added at the end of this paper.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genotype by Environment Interaction on Cocoa Hybrids (Theobroma cacao L.) Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Agung Wahyu Soesilo ◽  
Indah Anita Sari ◽  
Bayu Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wet Climate ◽  
The Stability

Phenomenon of genotype by environment interaction was able to influence the stability performance of cocoa resistance to Phytophthora pod rot (PPR). This research had an objective to evaluate the effect of genotype by environment interaction on resistance of cocoa hybrids to PPR. The tested hybrids were F1 crosses between selected clones of TSH 858, Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, NIC 7, ICS 13, KEE 2 and KW 165. There were 14 tested hybrids and an open pollinated hybrid of ICS 60 x Sca 12 was used as control in multilocation trials at four different agroclimatic locations, namely Jatirono Estate ((highland-wet climate), Kalitelepak Estate (lowland-wet climate), Kaliwining Experimental Station (low land-dry climate) and Sumber Asin Experimental Station (highland-dry climate). Trials were established in the randomized complete block design with four replications. Resistance to PPR were evaluated based on the percentage of infected pod for the years during wet climate of 2010 in Jatirono, Kalitelepak and Kaliwining followed in dry climate of 2011–2015 in Kaliwining and Sumber Asin. Variance of data were analyzed for detecting the effect of genotype by environment interaction (GxE) then visualized with a graph of genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction (a graph of GGE) biplot. There was consistently no interaction effect between hybrid and location to PPR incidence which was affected by single factor of hybrid, year, location and interaction between year and location. The effect of year indicated yearly change of weather was more important to PPR incidence than location difference. A graph of GGE biplot indicated a stable performance of the tested hybrids among locations.

Evaluation of Performance and Yield Stability Analysis Based on AMMI and GGE-Biplot in Promising Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. SandhyaKishore ◽  
P. Jagan Mohan Rao ◽  
S. Sandeep ◽  
G. Neelima ◽  
P. Madhukar Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Minimum Interaction

Background: Pigeon pea is considered an excellent and affordable source of plant-based protein, essential amino and fatty acids, fibers, minerals and vitamins with consistent source of income and employment to small and marginal farmers and thus holds premier position in the world agriculture. Shifts in rainfall patterns and seasons due to climatic change require the development of varieties with stable and high yield over a wide range of environmental conditions became major objective of crop improvement. Methods: The present study was carried out to ascertain the stable genotypes, environments discrimination and genotype by environment crossovers using different stable models by conducting Multi-location pigeon pea trial in five environments during Kharif, 2018 in Randomized Complete Block Design. Stability analysis for grain yield was performed by deploying the AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) model and GGE (Genotype and Genotype by Environment) biplot method. The pigeon pea genotype WRG-330 was found superior among all the genotypes over checks over locations, while, WRG-327 exhibited almost minimum interaction with the environments convincing the reliability of the performance. The test environments at Adilabad and Tandur were observed representative with better discriminating ability. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is no large difference between the AMMI and GGE biplot analyses in evaluation of experimental pigeon pea genotypes in different locations and both methods revealed similar results convincing that both methods can be used equally.

Induced Genetic Variability through Physical and Chemical Mutagens in M2 Generation of Greengram

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akashi , , , , , Sarma ◽  
V. J. Dhole ◽  
A. Bhattacharjee ◽  
P. Das ◽  
D. Sarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Pod Length

Uniform and healthy seeds of green gram cv. Pratap (SG-1) were treated with two mutagens, gamma rays (physical mutagen) and EMS (chemical mutagen) alone and in combination. The two hundred forty M1 progenies were laid in randomized block design with three replications during Kharif, 2017 to raise M2 generation. Analysis of variance discloses significant differences among the treatments for all the eight characters studied. It was observed that in general, the combination dose, i.e., 200 Gy+0.2% EMS gave superior results in almost all the yield attributing characteristics. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for seed yield per plant, which indicates the predominance of additive gene action. Number of pods per plant followed by pod length showed high significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant. The character number of pods per cluster had shown positive correlation with seed yield per plant, but path analysis revealed its negative direct effect on seed yield.

AMMI and GGE biplot analysis of multi environment yield trial of soybeanin North Western Himalayan state Uttarakhand of India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Bhartiya ◽  
J. P. Aditya ◽  
Kamendra Singh ◽  
Pushpendra Pushpendra ◽  
J. P. Purwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Ideal Genotype

The investigation was carried out to study Genotype × Environment (G×E) interaction for seed yield in 36 soybean genotypes including check PS1092 over 3 diverse environments represented by different altitudes in Uttarakhand. Grain yield performances of soybean genotypes were evaluated during Kharif 2013 season using a randomized complete block design. The AMMI analysis indicated that environment, genotypes and genotype by environment interactions had significantly affected seed yield and accounted for 9.76, 28.97 and 47.55% of the total variation, respectively. GGE biplot clearly displayed interrelationships between test locations as well as genotypes and facilitated visual comparisons based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The first two principal components PCI and PCII were used to create a two-dimensional GGE biplot that accounted for 45.68 and 38.88% variations respectively and based on discriminating and representative ability, E2 (Majhera) was most suitable location for selecting generally adapted genotypes. Soybean genotype C1 (PS1539) was identified as ideal genotype with high yield and low G×E interaction i.e. high stability.

Mineralogical investigations of the first package of the alternative buffer material test – I. Alteration of bentonites

Clay Minerals ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaufhold ◽  
R. Dohrmann ◽  
T. Sandén ◽  
P. Sellin ◽  
D. Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Material Test ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Iron Tube ◽  
Almost All

AbstractBentonite, which is envisaged as a promising engineered barrier material for the safe disposal of highly radioactive waste, was and is investigated in different large scale tests. The main focus was and is on the stability (or durability) of the bentonite. However, most countries concentrated on one or a few different bentonites only, regardless of the fact that bentonite performance in different applications is highly variable. Therefore, SKB (Svensk Kärnbränslehantering) set up the first large scale test which aimed at a direct comparison of different bentonites. This test was termed the ‘alternative buffer material test’ and considers eleven different clays which were either compacted (blocks) or put into cages to keep the material together. One so-called package consisted of thirty different blocks placed on top of each other. These blocks surrounded a heated iron tube 10 cm in diameter. Altogether three packages were installed in the underground test laboratory Äspö, Sweden. The first package was terminated 28 months after installation and the bentonite had been exposed for the maximum temperature (130°C) for about one year.Almost all geochemical and mineralogical alterations of the different bentonites (apart from exchangeable cations) were restricted to the contact between iron and bentonite. The increase of the Fe2O3 content was attributed to corrosion of the tube. However, the typical 7 or 14 Å smectite alteration product was not found. At the contact of one sample, siderite was precipitated. Some samples showed anhydrite and organic carbon accumulation and some showed dissolution of clinoptilolite and cristobalite. IR spectroscopy, XRD, and XRF data indicated the formation of trioctahedral minerals/domains in the case of some bentonites. Even more data has to be collected before unambiguous conclusions concerning both alteration mechanisms and bentonite differences can be drawn.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV2 Variants and Vaccines mRNA Spikes Fibonacci Numerical UA/CG Metastructures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Perez
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Fibonacci Numbers ◽  
Standing Waves ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Synonymous Codons ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Reference Genomes

In this paper, we suggest a biomathematical numerical method analysing mRNA nucleotides sequences based on UA/CG Fibonacci numbers proportions. This method is used to evaluate then compare the spike genes related to the main SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS circulating presently within the world. The 9 main results proposed to be reproduced by peers are: 1/ SARS-CoV2 genome and spike evolution in one year 2020-2021. 2/ SARS-CoV2 Origins. 3/ Comparing 11 reference variants spikes. 4/ analysing 32 CAL.20C california variant patients spikes. 5/ Toward a meta mRNA Fibonacci gene end message code. 6/ analysing S501 UK, S484 South Afrika and &laquo; 2 mutations &raquo; IINDIA variants. 7/ Suggesting a possible variants spike mRNA palindrome symmetry metastructure improving mRNA stability then infectuosity. 8/ Analysing Fibonacci Metastructures in the mRNA coding for the vaccines PFIZER and MODERNA. 9/ Does the CG-rich modification of the synonymous codons of the spikes of the 2 mRNA vaccines affect the expression and quantity of SARS-CoV2 antibodies? Particularly, we suggest the following conjecture at mRNA folding level : CONJECTURE of SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS: The growth of long Fibonacci structures in the shape of "podiums" for almost all of the variants studied (UK, California, South Afrika, India, etc.) suggests the probable folding of the Spike mRNA in the form of a "hairpin", which can strengthen the cohesion and the lifespan of this mRNA. Finally, we show that this kind of Fibonacci matastructures disapears TOTALLY analysing the published mRNA sequences of PFIZER and MODERNA vaccines. One fact is certain, the 2 mRNAs of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines will result in a low functionality of the spike vaccine because by doping these sequences in CG rich, their designers, in search of greater STABILITY of these RNAs will have built, according to us , sequences which, as soon as they are inserted into the human host, will seek to mutate, like SARS-CoV2 variants, towards CG ==&gt; UA forms in order to improve, paradoxically, their STABILITY and probably also their LIFETIME.. Particularly, using new biomathematics theoretical methods (Master code and numerical standing waves), and comparing the Spikes of the 2 vaccines Moderna and Phizer, we conclude a very probable difference in stability and shelf life of the 2 respective mRNAs of these 2 vaccines. However, the &ldquo;State of the Art&rdquo; will tell you that their 2 protein sequences are strictly identical. However, by having modified their synonymous codons using different strategies, no one can guarantee that the quantity of antibodies generated will be identical in the 2 cases. We can only note the great ADAPTATION power - at the global scale of their genomes - of the most infectious VARIANTS such as the BRAZIL 20J / 501Y.V3 variant (P.1). This is very worrying for the VACCINES &lt;==&gt; VARIANTS run: We demonstrate how the Brazilian variant P.1 which becomes uncontrollable in Brazil in April 2021 has a level of organization of long metastructures of 17,711 bases covering the genome which is 3.6 more important than that of the 2 reference genomes SARS-CoV2 Wuhan and worldwide D614G. We suggest that this high level of overall structure of this variant contributes to the stability of this genome and, possibly, to its greater contagiousness.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction for seed yield per plant in rapeseed using AMMI model

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marjanović-Jeromela ◽  
Nevena Nagl ◽  
Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga ◽  
Nikola Hristov ◽  
Ankica Kondić-Špika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment

The objective of this study was to assess genotype by environment interaction for seed yield per plant in rapeseed cultivars grown in Northern Serbia by the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) model. The study comprised 19 rapeseed genotypes, analyzed in seven years through field trials arranged in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Seed yield per plant of the tested cultivars varied from 1.82 to 19.47 g throughout the seven seasons, with an average of 7.41 g. In the variance analysis, 72.49% of the total yield variation was explained by environment, 7.71% by differences between genotypes, and 19.09% by genotype by environment interaction. On the biplot, cultivars with high yield genetic potential had positive correlation with the seasons with optimal growing conditions, while the cultivars with lower yield potential were correlated to the years with unfavorable conditions. Seed yield per plant is highly influenced by environmental factors, which indicates the adaptability of specific genotypes to specific seasons.

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