scholarly journals STEP-BY-STEP THERAPY OF INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION IN THE ACUTE PERIOD OF SEVERE MECHANICAL TRAUMA IN CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Irina A. Kolykhalkina ◽  
V. G. Amcheslavsky ◽  
T. F. Ivanova ◽  
V. I. Lukyanov ◽  
L. M. Roshal
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Step Therapy

Aim of the study to improve the results of treatment of children with intracranial hypertension in the acute period of severe mechanical trauma by virtue of the use of the “Protocol of step-by-step therapy” Material and methods. The article is devoted to the problem of intracranial hypertension in children with severe mechanical trauma. An analysis of 148 case histories of children with severe mechanical trauma, including brain trauma hospitalized in an intensive care unit. 27 patients out of 148 were excluded from the inclusion criteria: 6 patients (22.2%) due to the “late” admission (more than 72 hours from the time of injury); 21 patients - (77,8%) due to the persistent condition of atonic coma from the moment of trauma. 121 patients, according to indications, monitored intracranial pressure and intensive therapy of intracranial hypertension. All patients were divided into two groups: one group (the main one - 84 patients), in which the treatment was carried out according to the “Protocol of step-by-step therapy of intracranial hypertension” and approved in the Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Children’s Surgery and Traumatology, characterized by a strict sequence of treatment measures (“steps”), with clear indications for prescribing each subsequent “step” and the time frame for the duration of the “steps” taken; 2 group (control group - 37 patients), in which the treatment was carried out according to existing international guidelines for the management of patients with severe head injury. Conclusion. Comparative evaluation of treatment results showed outcomes of trauma in the main group to be better, including a statistically significantly less mortality rate (p = 0.0002, p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Usage of neurospecific peptide substance “semax” in acute period of ischemic insult

1997 ◽  
Vol XXIX (3-4) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Е. I. Gusev ◽  
V. I. Skvortsova ◽  
Е. J. Zhuravleva ◽  
А. V. Vanichkin
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Medicinal Substance ◽  
Ischemic Insult ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Clinical Scales

In 30 patients being in acute period of hemispheric ischemic insult, investigation of medicinal substance Semax (synthetic analogue ACTH 4-10) was performed. Control group was made up of 80 patients with analogous in severty and localization of ischemic insult lesions, who received only unified therapy; the comparison group was made up of patients, receiving cerebrolysin and cronassial. 3 clinical scales of evaluation in points were used, as well as neurophysiologic control, uncluding EEG with toposelective Cartogram EEG, repeated investigation of somatosensoric induced potentials of brain with their charting. It was established that inclusion of Semax into intensive therapy complex for acute hemispheric ischemic insult reliably enfluences the rates of disturbed neurologic functions restoration, speeding regress of brain and focal disorders, especially motor disorders.

scholarly journals O26 Testing an intervention to reduce fatigue impact in inflammatory arthritis: design and outcomes of a single-arm feasibility study

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bridgewater ◽  
Joe Lomax ◽  
Bryan Abbott ◽  
Jo Adams ◽  
Alice Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regression To The Mean ◽  
Intervention Delivery ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
One To One

Abstract Background/Aims  Patients with inflammatory arthritis report that fatigue can be a challenging symptom to manage, with little support available. In response, we developed a brief one-to-one cognitive-behavioural manualised intervention, delivered by rheumatology health professionals (RHPs), to help patients manage their fatigue. Methods  We designed a single-arm feasibility study called FREE-IA (Fatigue - Reducing its Effects through individualised support Episodes in Inflammatory Arthritis). Patients were eligible if they were ≥18 years, had a clinician confirmed diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis, scored ≥6/10 on the BRAF NRS Fatigue Impact with fatigue that they considered recurrent, frequent, and/or persistent, and were not accessing support for their fatigue. Following training, RHPs delivered 2-4 one-to-one sessions to participants. The initial two core sessions were delivered face-to-face in clinic; participants then had the option of up to two further sessions, either in clinic, by telephone or online. We proposed delivering sessions 1 and 2 within two weeks of each other, and sessions 3 and 4 in the following two weeks. Baseline data were collected before the first session (T0), and outcomes at six weeks (T1) and six months (T2). The primary outcome was fatigue impact (BRAF NRS Fatigue Effect), collected by telephone. Secondary outcomes included fatigue severity, fatigue coping, multi-dimensional impact of fatigue, disease impact and disability and measures of therapeutic mechanism (self-efficacy, and perceived confidence and autonomy to manage health). These outcomes were collected by post. This study allowed us to test the feasibility and acceptability of RHP training, study design and materials, intervention delivery and outcome collection, ahead of a possible RCT to determine intervention effectiveness. Results  Eight RHPs at five hospitals delivered 113 sessions to 46 participants. Four sessions were delivered by phone and none online. Session 2 was only delivered within the two-week time frame for 37% of participants attending both core sessions. Out of a potential 138 primary and secondary outcome responses at T0, T1 and T2, there were 13 missing primary outcome responses and 27 missing secondary outcome responses. Results indicated improvements in all measures except disability at either T1 or T2, or both, with confidence intervals supporting an interpretation of improvement. Conclusion  We were able to design and deliver FREE-IA training to RHPs, deliver FREE-IA sessions to patients, and collect outcomes at three time points with low levels of attrition. Outcomes in all measures except disability were in a direction to suggest improvement at T1, T2, or both. Study numbers were small, there was no control group and regression to the mean was a possibility. However, outcomes were in the direction to cautiously suggest benefit, and there is evidence of promise of the intervention. A definitive RCT is the next step to test clinical and cost effectiveness of the intervention. Disclosure  S. Bridgewater: None. J. Lomax: None. B. Abbott: None. J. Adams: None. A. Berry: None. S. Creanor: None. P. Ewings: None. S. Hewlett: None. L. McCracken: None. M. Ndosi: None. J. Thorn: None. M. Urban: None. E. Dures: None.

Effect of oral anticipatory guidance on oral health and oral hygiene practices in preschool children

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Conçalves Farias ◽  
Soraya Coelho Leal ◽  
Orlando Ayrton de Toledo ◽  
Jorge Faber ◽  
Ann Cristina Barreto Bezerro
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group Control Group

Thirty children (6 to 18 months), enrolled in a dental program since birth, make up the intervention group. Control group consisted of thirty children who were of similar age and gender but had never been to a dental office. The presence of visible dental plaque and the performance of oral hygiene differed statistically between both groups. The dental program was effective in reducing visible dental plaque, and in establishing oral health habits among parents and young children.

Effective Role of Emotions in Teaching

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Dhanraj Kumavat
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neutral Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of the present study was to find out the role of emotion in effective teaching of junior college students. The sample for the present research selected from the grantable junior college in Ahmednagar. For the research 11th class 90 students of Commerce faculty was selected. Among them 30 student selected for the positive emotion teaching group (Experimental group I). 30 students selected for the negative emotion (Experimental group II). And 30 students were selected for the neutral group (Control group III). The age range of the students were 17 to 18 years (M=35.00 SD=7.38). In the research Simple random method was used. The first hypothesis of the research was positive emotional teaching method high in English retention than negative and neutral teaching methods. Tolls 11th class English syllabus selected for the study. Result first result was showed that positive emotional teaching had significantly high English retention than the negative and neutral emotional teaching methods.

Research on the Effect of p35 for Secretion of Proinflammatory Factor and Apoptosis of Chondrocyte in Chondrocytopathic Articular Fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1649-1654
Author(s):  
LvLin Yang ◽  
Bowen Zhang ◽  
Yuqi Liang ◽  
Gangning Feng ◽  
Xiaoke Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Proinflammatory Factor ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Control Group

To study on the effect of transcriptional regulation factor as p35 for secretion of proinflammatory factor and apoptosis of chondrocyte in chondrocytopathic articular fluid so as to improve the chondropathy. The fifty SD rats were selected for our study. It was divided into three groups including A group (control group), B group (chondrocytopathic model group of osteoarthritis) and C group (transcriptional regulation factor as p35 intervention group. The samples were collected after intervention in sixteen weeks. The sampling position was cartilage tissue of rat leg. It was adopted for immunohistochemical inspection and histopathology examination. At the same time the synovial fluid was collected. The concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 was detected. And the expression of mRNA in gene related with apoptosis was detected. The chondrocyte morphology of rats in A group was normal. The chondrocyte was damaged and goblet cell was reduced in B group. The infiltrating inflammatory cells in C group were less than in B group from pathological results. And the goblet cells in C group was increased than in B group. The expression of TNF-α, Bax, NF-κB, IL-6: B group > C group > A group. The expression of Bcl-2: A group > C group > B group. The transcriptional regulation factor as p35 related with anti-apoptosis could regulate the level of inflammatory factor as TNF-α and IL-6 in synovial fluid and restrain the lesion and apoptosis of chondrocyte.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF RAGWEED POLLINOSIS IN THE SAMARA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-926
Author(s):  
N. N. Zhukova ◽  
M. V. Manzhos ◽  
L. R. Khabibulina ◽  
E. Yu. Syrtsova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ambrosia Trifida ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Amb A 1 ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Time Changes

Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are widespread respiratory allergic diseases. In some territories of the Russian Federation, the dominant cause of pollinosis is ragweed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of ASIT with the allergen Ambrosia artemisiifolia in patients sensitized to Ambrosia trifida in the Samara region. Patients with proven sensitization to Ambrosia trifida was held immunotherapy with Ambrosia artemisiifolia allergoid preseason. After treatment, patients had a decrease in the severity of symptoms of allergic rhinitis according to VAS (p = 0.00001), a decrease in the need for medications (p = 0.0003), as well as the need for corticosteroids against the background of therapy from 34.6% to 0% (p = 0.00001). In 8% of cases, the result of treatment was good, in 69% satisfactory, in 23% unsatisfactory. In the control group, there were no changes in the severity of symptoms (p = 0.858). Also, in the control group, the need for medications remained unchanged and 14.3% of patients continued to use corticosteroids.After ASIT, there was a decrease in the level of IL-4 (p = 0.002), and a decrease in the ratio of IL-4/ IL-10 (p = 0.0063); at the same time, changes in the level of other cytokines (IL-10; IFNγ) were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Before treatment, the levels of IL-4/ IL-10 in both groups were comparable, and after treatment, the differences became statistically significant (p = 0.031). We did not get a statistically significant change in the level of IgG4 Amb a 1 or IgG4 Amb trifida. There was no correlation between the level of individual cytokines and the results of treatment. As a result of the conducted ASIT, positive clinical and immunological results were obtained. In most patients, the disease has acquired a controlled course. At the same time, the lack of excellent and low number of good results of ASIT is probably due to the intraspecific allergenic properties of ragweed. 

scholarly journals CYP2E1-DEPENDENT VARIATIONS IN HEPATOCYTES DAMAGE DURING TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
L.V. Natrus ◽  
L.V. Gayova ◽  
O.O. Gorkunenko ◽  
P.A. Chernovol ◽  
M.V. Zelinska
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Cyp2e1 Gene ◽  
Tb Treatment

Relevance. Investigation of polymorphism in a locus of CYP2E1 as the prognostic factor of drug-induced hepatotoxicity at anti-TB therapy is significant due to the influence of CYP2E1 on drug metabolism. The objective of the investigation is to analyze the association of rs2070676 СYP2E1 gene polymorphism with drug-induced hepatotoxicity by means of the clinical-laboratory values of serum transaminases at anti-TB treatment. Materials and methods. The study involved 47 patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis first time discovered. 58 healthy volunteers comprised a control group. Laboratory indices were determined in venous blood three times: before the treatment as baseline; in 2 months of intensive therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide), then in 4 months of maintenance therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin). Serum activities of enzymes ALT, AST, and GGT were measured by standard algorithm on automatic analyzer BS-300. Analysis of rs2070676 polymorphism of CYP2E1 gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction using standard PureLink® Genomic DNA Kit for Purification of Genomic DNA; Manufacturer of INVITROGEN (USA). For statistical processing, IBM SPSS Statistics 23 was applied. Results. Investigation of serum ALT and AST in patients with major genotype CYP2E1 (C/C) showed the lower baseline ALT and AST levels comparing to the control group, which might be caused by suppression of hepatocytes functions at the development of the disease. Anti-TB treatment caused an increase in ALT and AST levels comparing to the baseline in patients with major CYP2E1 (C/C) genotype. In the group with C/G polymorphism, the baseline ALT level didn’t differ much from the baseline of the control group; it showed a decrease after intensive therapy and returned back to the initial level at maintenance therapy. This might be related to the certain protective property of СYP2E1 gene polymorphism. The AST level was increased after intensive therapy (to a smaller extent than for the patients with major C/C genotype) and remained on the same level at maintenance therapy. A study of GGT showed a gradual increase regardless of genotype. Conclusion. According to the data of the experiment, the status of hepatocytes in patients with tuberculosis at baseline and during treatment was different depending on the CYP2E1 genotype. The results of the experiment indicate that the CYP2E1 gene polymorphism has a certain protecting role. It reduces the level of drug metabolites and hepatotoxicity which causes mitochondrial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Catalase activity as signal of antioxydant system affection under influence of limb ischemia-reperfusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Nataliya Volotovska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ischemic Reperfusion

The use of hemostatic tourniquet is a proved means of primary care. However, systemic disorders, as well as ultrastructural, in the area of compression can significantly worsen the condition of the injured organism. The aim. Estimation of catalase level in rats’ liver on the background of modifications of ischemic-reperfusion syndrome to know the severest pathogenic combination for organism. Materials and methods. 260 white adult male rats were divided into 5 groups: control (KG), EG1 – simulation of isolated ischemia-reperfusion syndrome (IRS) of the limb, EG2 – simulation of isolated volumetric blood loss, EG3 – combination of IRS of the limb with blood loss, EG4 – simulation of isolated mechanical injury of the thigh, EG5 – combination of IRS of the limb and mechanical injury. The variability of catalase level in liver was analyzed. Results. It was found that each of the experimental interventions has led to changes of catalase activity in the liver. The most expressed pathological expressions were observed on the 3rd after interventions, when the studied index in EG3 was lower than in EG1 and EG2 in 6,2 times and by 33,1 %. On the 7th day catalase activity in EG3 was in 9,4 times and by 44,5 % times lower than in EG1 and in EG2 data concordantly. The combination of limb ischemia-reperfusion with blood loss in EG3 led to exhausting of liver antioxydant enzyme catalase in the most critical posttraumatic period (day 3). The same, but less significant effect was registered in the group of combination of mechanical trauma with ischemia-reperfusion in EG5. This proved the role of the tourniquet as a factor that complicated the course of traumatic disease due to ischemic reperfusion. Conclusions. In this experiment, founded risk factors of combination of ischemia-reperfusion with heavy blood loss emphasized the importance and particular attention on such widespread method of bleeding tratment, as the imposition of a tourniquet, as in our experiment it triggered risk factors of ischemia-reperfusion. It was shown katalase activity depression respectively to the periods of increasing of lipid peroxydation. There was peculiarity, that on the base of isolated IRS catalase activity was increased in 2,5 times comparely to control group, whereas the hardest depression of it was found on the background of IRS, combined with blood loss – catalase activity was lower, comparely to KG – in 2,5 times. The importance of understanding the suppression of hepatocytes’ antyoxydants is great, as it might help in prevention the development of liver failure or hepatorenal syndrome on the background of limb ischemia-reperfusion.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN VARIOUS PATHOGENIC SUBTYPES OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN ACUTE PERIOD

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Лукьянова ◽  
Yuliya Lukyanova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Cell Recovery ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Group 5

The aim of the study was to detect significant biochemical changes in antioxidant status during acute period of ischemic stroke in its various pathogenic subtypes in patients aged 45–74years. The most important results were blood levels of ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde and free/ oxidized glutathione ratio. Cardioembolic stroke was associated with: the reduced ascorbic acid level of 62–74% comparable to control group; 5-times increased malondialdehyde level at the end of the first week of the disease; and also 50% decreasing of cell antioxidant capacity comparable to control group and other stroke subtypes. In lacunary stroke minimal changes in antioxidant status were measured, possibly because of small size of brain damage. Positive clinical dynamics was followed by decreasing of free glutathione levels. It could be related with its previous significant expenditure in process of cell recovery in penumbra area. In case of favorable outcome all of the markers return to the levels which were comparable to control group. The differences in the dynam-ics of the cells antioxidant capacity and consumption of native antioxidants, the time from the onset of the disease, the severity of the clinical picture, depending on the stroke subtype, were revealed. Further research of this problem may help to create new methods of diagnostics and selective pharmacological correction of this pathology.

scholarly journals Changes in Indicators of Microcirculation in the Early Postoperative Period in the Treatment of Diaphyseal Fractures of the Shin Bones Using a Plate with Limited Contact

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
A. I. Plakhov ◽  
L. I. Kolesnikova ◽  
L. I. Korytov ◽  
V. G. Vinogradov ◽  
M. A. Darenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Diaphyseal Fractures

Background. Unsatisfactory results of treatment, such as delayed consolidation and non-fusion of fractures, the formation of false joints and limb bone defects, have no tendency to decrease. We can assume that one of the leading factors of complications in traumatology is a violation of microcirculation in the affected segment of the limb.Aims. To identify patterns of changes in the parameters of the microcirculatory bed of the damaged segment of the lower limb when fixing bone fragments with a plate with limited contact in the early period after surgery.Materials and methods. In 25 patients, we studied four parameters of microcirculation of the lower limb segment with application of laser Doppler flowmetry. The control group consisted of 25 healthy volunteers, comparable in age and sex with the study group.Results. We found that in the early postoperative period (from the first to the 10th day after the surgery) in patients with diaphyseal fractures of the tibia operated with metal plate with limited contact there was an increase in microcirculation by 75.69 %, an increase in the proportion of the nutritive component of microcirculation compared to the shunt fraction by 24.64 %, as well as an increase in more than one ratio of the amplitude of the heart and respiratory range. All of that indicates a local circulatory disorder in the nutritive arterial hyperemia. We note that the increase in the amplitude of the respiratory component by 17.22 % and the equality of the amplitude of the cardiac range compared with the control group indicate violations of local blood circulation by the type of venous stagnation.Conclusion. On the basis of the results obtained, we note that patients with diaphyseal fractures of the shin bones treated with metal osteosynthesis with a plate with limited contact in the early postoperative period develop a violation of local blood circulation in the stagnant-hyperemic type.

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