scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Identification The Compounds of Methanol Extract from The Pleurotus Ostreatus Fruiting Body

el–Hayah ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto ◽  
Sri Darmwati ◽  
Arya Iswara ◽  
Agnis Setyaningtyas ◽  
Laily Trisnawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Dragendorff Reagent ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Method Analysis

<p><em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> is an edible mushroom that also has potential as medicinal values. In this study, fruiting body of <em>P. ostreatus</em> was tested for its ability to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria. The fruiting body powder of <em>P. ostreatus </em>was extracted using methanol by maceration method. Analysis of this compound was done by using anisaldehid sulfuric acid, Dragendorff reagent, and FeCl<sub>3</sub>. Using the agar well diffusion technique, the extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(Gram positive), <em>Enterobacter aerogenes</em> (Gram negative) and <em>Candida albican</em> (yeast). The spot results on TLC using crude extract of <em>P. ostreatus</em> is terpenoids. Zone of inhibition for the various extracts varied between 10.9 - 23.2 mm. Ten miligrams extract exhibit maximum antimicrobial activity against most of the tested pathogens </p>

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF TRACHYSPERMUM AMMI SEEDS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Bashyal ◽  
Avijit Guha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

 Objective: The objective of this study is to identify medicinally important phytochemicals and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of Trachyspermum ammi seeds. Methods: Four different extracts (methanol, acetone, chloroform, and water) were prepared using a soxhlet apparatus, antimicrobial activity was tested using agar well-diffusion technique. Results: The results revealed the presence of flavonoids and saponins in all the extracts prepared. Similarly, alkaloids and phenols presence were obtained in methanol and aqueous extracts. Glycosides and carbohydrates in methanol, chloroform, and aqueous extracts. Further, proteins, terpenoids, and tannins presence were found in methanol, chloroform, and aqueous extracts, respectively. The maximum zone of inhibition was found in the methanolic extract (13.5 mm). Acetone, chloroform, and water extracts showed 9 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm respectively, while ciprofloxacin (control) showed 17.5 mm of the zone of inhibition. Conclusion: T. ammi seeds exert biological properties due to the presence of various chemical constituents. Thus, it can be used to obtain novel antibacterial compounds for the treatment of infectious diseases in the future.

scholarly journals Ageritin from Pioppino Mushroom: The Prototype of Ribotoxin-Like Proteins, a Novel Family of Specific Ribonucleases in Edible Mushrooms

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Sara Ragucci ◽  
Nicola Landi ◽  
Rosita Russo ◽  
Mariangela Valletta ◽  
Paolo Vincenzo Pedone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Phosphodiester Bond ◽  
Diagnostic Agent

Ageritin is a specific ribonuclease, extracted from the edible mushroom Cyclocybe aegerita (synonym Agrocybe aegerita), which cleaves a single phosphodiester bond located within the universally conserved alpha-sarcin loop (SRL) of 23–28S rRNAs. This cleavage leads to the inhibition of protein biosynthesis, followed by cellular death through apoptosis. The structural and enzymatic properties show that Ageritin is the prototype of a novel specific ribonucleases family named ‘ribotoxin-like proteins’, recently found in fruiting bodies of other edible basidiomycetes mushrooms (e.g., Ostreatin from Pleurotus ostreatus, Edulitins from Boletus edulis, and Gambositin from Calocybe gambosa). Although the putative role of this toxin, present in high amount in fruiting body (>2.5 mg per 100 g) of C. aegerita, is unknown, its antifungal and insecticidal actions strongly support a role in defense mechanisms. Thus, in this review, we focus on structural, biological, antipathogenic, and enzymatic characteristics of this ribotoxin-like protein. We also highlight its biological relevance and potential biotechnological applications in agriculture as a bio-pesticide and in biomedicine as a therapeutic and diagnostic agent.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity ofCroton macrostachyusStem Bark Extracts against Several Human Pathogenic Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie K. Obey ◽  
Atte von Wright ◽  
Jimmy Orjala ◽  
Jussi Kauhanen ◽  
Carina Tikkanen-Kaukanen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Traditional Use

In Kenya, leaves and roots fromCroton macrostachyusare used as a traditional medicine for infectious diseases such as typhoid and measles, but reports on possible antimicrobial activity of stem bark do not exist. In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal effects of methanol, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts, and purified lupeol ofC. macrostachyusstem bark were determined against important human gram-negative pathogensEscherichia coli,Salmonella typhi,Klebsiella pneumoniae, andEnterobacter aerogenes, gram-positiveListeria monocytogenes,and a fungusCandida albicans. The most promising broad scale antimicrobial activity against all the studied pathogens was shown by the ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate extract induced the zone of inhibition between10.1±0.6 mm and16.0±1.2 mm againstS. typhi,E. coli,K. pneumoniae,E. aerogenes,andL. monocytogeneswith weaker antimicrobial activity againstC. albicans(zone of inhibition:5.6±1.0 mm). The antibiotic controls (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, clotrimazole, and cefotaxime) showed antimicrobial activity with zones of inhibition within13.4±0.7–22.1±0.9 mm. The ethyl acetate extract had MIC in the range of 125–250 mg/mL against all the studied bacteria and againstC. albicansMIC was 500 mg/mL. The present results give scientific evidence and support the traditional use ofC. macrostachyusstem bark as a source for antimicrobials. We show thatC. macrostachyusstem bark lupeol is a promising antimicrobial agent against several important human pathogens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Some Components of the Essential Oils of Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla, México

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Sebastián Candelaria-Dueñas ◽  
Rocío Serrano-Parrales ◽  
Marisol Ávila-Romero ◽  
Samuel Meraz-Martínez ◽  
Julieta Orozco-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Agar Dilution

In Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley (Mexico), studies have been carried out on the essential oils of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity and it was found that they present compounds in common such as: α-pinene, β-pinene, carvacrol, eugenol, limonene, myrcene, ocimene, cineole, methyl salicylate, farnesene, and thymol. The goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of essential oils’ compounds. The qualitative evaluation was carried out by the Kirby Baüer agar diffusion technique in Gram-positive bacteria (11 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (18 strains), and yeasts (8 strains). For the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the agar dilution method was used. All the evaluated compounds presented antimicrobial activity. The compounds eugenol and carvacrol showed the largest inhibition zones. Regarding yeasts, the compounds ocimene, cineole, and farnesene did not show any activity. The compounds eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol presented the lowest MIC; bactericidal effect was observed at MIC level for S. aureus 75MR, E. coli 128 MR, and C albicans CUSI, for different compounds, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol. Finally, this study shows that the essential oils of plants used by the population of Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley share compounds and some of them have antibacterial and fungicidal activity.

A heteropolysaccharide from aqueous extract of an edible mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivar: structural and biological studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kankan K. Maity ◽  
Sukesh Patra ◽  
Biswajit Dey ◽  
Sanjoy K. Bhunia ◽  
Soumitra Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Biological Studies

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SOME NOVEL 2‐AMINO-PYRIDINE‐3‐ CARBONITRILE AND 2‐AMINO-4H-PYRAN‐3‐CARBONITRILE DERIVATIVES AGAINST ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
SURENDRA BABU LAGU ◽  
RAJENDRA PRASAD YEJELLA
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Objective Investigation

Objective: Investigation, the series of newer 2‐amino-pyridine‐3‐carbonitrile and 2‐amino-4H-pyran‐3‐carbonitrile derivative were synthesized and evaluated antimicrobial activities and antioxidant activity. Methods: Novel synthesized chalcones were further condensation to give 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine and 2-amino-3-cyanopyrans in the presence of malononitrile, pyridine, and ammonia acetate. The product is characterized by conventional and instrumental methods. Pyridine and 4-H-Pyran and their analogs occupy prime position due to their diverse applications. Results: The compounds A3C and B3C exhibited marked zone of inhibition with 30.02±0.02 mm and 29.06±0.01 mm, respectively. Docking studies suggested possible interactions with dihydrofolic reductase 4 with 9.15 and −9.67 kcal/mol, respectively. The IC50 30.28±0.01 exhibited A3C by 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl methods which is better among the series. The 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives were found good activity than 2-amino-3-cyanopyrane derivative. Among all synthesized compounds few having potent activity and some are near to the standard. Conclusion: Antimicrobial activity and antioxidant of the newly synthesized pyrans and pyridines derivatives will definitely inspire future researchers for the preparation of new analogs.

Growth and yield impact of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq P. Kumm) cultivated on different agricultural wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 2225-2233
Author(s):  
M. O. Agba ◽  
◽  
A. A. Markson ◽  
J. O. Oni ◽  
G. A. Bassey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Essential Food

Pleurotus ostreatus, an edible mushroom is an essential food product. Recognised as one of the cheapest sources of proteins, their high nutritional and anti-nutritional properties are of immense importance to humans. The present study evaluated the effect of sawdust and dried plantain leaves on the growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus. Sawdust and dried plantain leaves were composted into seven substrates; as single substrates and at different combinations. The composted substrates include sawdust 100 % (M0), Dry plantain leaves 100% (M1), Dry plantain leaves + sawdust at the ratio of 1:4 (M2), 2:3 (M3), 3:2 (M4), 1:1 (M5) and 4:1(M6). Growth parameters of interest assessed flush include mycelia running rate (MRR), area of pileus, length of the stipe, the girth of the stipe, fresh weight and dry weight, number of fruit body, total yield and biological efficiency. At the end of the three weeks spawn running period, M0 was overall best in supporting mycelia running rate with a mean MRR of 16.00 cm. M1 substrates produced mushroom with longer and bigger stipes (7.17 cm) at the first flush. A higher number of fruit bodies (82.66), total yield (130.35 g), and biological efficiency (43.45 g) were all seen in M0 substrates. Sawdust at 100 % (M0) proved to be the best substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ROOT EXTRACT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Amita Shobha Rao ◽  
Shobha Kl ◽  
Prathibha Md’almeida ◽  
Kiranmai S Rai
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Strain

  Objective: Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Extracts of plants and herbs such as Clitorea ternatea are used as diuretic. This work attempts to find out antimicrobial activity of aqueous and alcoholic extract of C. ternatea roots against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans.Methods: The agar well-diffusion method was done using Mueller Hinton agar and Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. The microorganism grown in peptone water was inoculated into culture medium. 4 mm diameter well punched into the agar was filled with 20 μl of aqueous and alcoholic root extracts C. ternatea extracts in various concentrations (100-25 μg/ml). The plates were incubated and antimicrobial activity was evaluated.Results: Aqueous root extract of C. ternatea with the concentration of 100 μg/ml showed zone of inhibition against E. coli (ATCC 25922) 18 mm, P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) 14 mm, multidrug resistant strain of K. pneumoniae 15 mm. Alcoholic extract of C. ternatea with the concentration of 100 μg/ml showed zone of inhibition of 35 mm against E. coli (ATCC 25922), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) 22 mm, and multidrug resistant strain of K. pneumoniae 28 mm. C. albicanswas resistant to both extract of C. ternatea root. Conclusions: Alcoholic extract of C. ternatea is a better antibacterial agent against multidrug resistant Klebsiella species and other Gram-negative pathogens. Further, studies are required to identify active substances from the alcoholic extracts of C. ternatea for treating infections.

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