scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Fungi on the Weevil of the Andes (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) of the Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Chimborazo Province, Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Erazo Sandoval N. S. ◽  
Lindao Córdova V. A. ◽  
Echeverría Guadalupe M. M. ◽  
Manzano Ocaña J. C. ◽  
Inca Chunata N. M.
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Randomized Design

From thirty native isolates of entomopathogenic fungi, which were obtained from corpses of larvae and adults of Andean weevil (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache); two fungi with entomopathogenic characteristics were selected through laboratory tests, which will be used in a program of integrated management of this pest in the Ecuadorian inter-Andean region. The pathogenicity of the 30 isolates was determined by the mortality that they caused in larvae and adults and it was expressed in percentage; for this, a complete randomized design (CRD) was used. The LC50 and TL50 were determined by Probit analysis. The two selected isolates corresponded to: Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff 1879) Sorokin 1883 (A13) and  Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. 1912 (A21), which proved to be the best, because they caused the highest mortality in larvae of the fourth instar and adults of P. vorax. The Probit analysis showed that LC50 for A21 isolate (B. bassiana) in fourth instar larvae was obtained with a concentration of 1,75x109 spores/ml and 1,08x109 spores/ml for adults. Instead for A13 isolate (M. anisopliae), the LC50 was obtained with a concentration of 1,65x109 spores/ml for larvae and 2,42x109 spores/ml for adults. The LT50 for the selected isolates at the indicated concentrations, was 4,84 and 4,32 days for larvae with A13 and A21 isolates respectively, while, for adults, the shortest time was obtained with A21 isolate in 4.36 days, compared with A13 isolate, that delayed 20,70 days. The larval stage of P. vorax was the most susceptible to A13 isolate, on the other hand, larvae and adults were equally susceptible to A21 isolate at the indicated concentrations. According to the results obtained, the two selected isolates can be used as an alternative to the use of conventional agrochemicals, which will contribute to a more ecological production.

scholarly journals JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN ASAL TANAH LEBAK DI SUMATERA SELATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI WALANG SANGIT (LEPTOCORISA ORATORIUS (F.))

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Effendy TA ◽  
Robby Septiadi ◽  
Abdullah Salim ◽  
Abdul Mazid
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leptocorisa Oratorius

Entomopathogenic fungi from the lowland soil of South Sumatera and their potential as biocontrol agents of Stink Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius (F.)). The purpose of this research was to explore and examine the potential of soil borne entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatera as biological agents of Leptocorisa oratorius (F).  Soil used for trapping entomopatogenic fungi, was taken from five locations  in South Sumatera.  Percentage of nymph mortality was analyzed by using analysis of variance and arranged in Completely Randomized Design.  LT50­ of nymph mortality was determined with Probit Analysis.  Entomopathogenic fungi found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium sp.  Stink bug mortality due to B. bassiana isolates reached 40-73.3% and Metarhizium sp. reached 56.7-70%. The results showed that Metarhizium isolates were more virulent than B. bassiana isolates.  The viability of B. bassiana conidia did not decrease during sub-culturing.  Sub-culturing did not influence the mortality of stink bug nymph but it prolonged the LT50­  of the stink bug.

scholarly journals Aplikasi IJEN (Infeksi Jamur Entomopatogen pada Nyamuk) : Jamur Metarhizium anisopliae pada Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Liestiana Indriyati ◽  
Salamiah Salamiah ◽  
Lutfhi Fatah ◽  
Eko Suhartono ◽  
Muhammad Rasyid Ridha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Small Risk ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Abstract Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the main problems in Indonesia, its handling on chemical insecticides with insecticide resistance constraints that can inhibit vector control efforts. Entomopathogenic fungi especially Metarhizium anisopliae is one of bioinsecticides that has been widely used in agriculture for controlling insect attacks, effective in killing mosquitoes, safe for vertebrates, humans and the environment and has a small risk of resistance. Appropriate methods of formulation and application for M. anisopliae infection to mosquitoes suitable for mosquito bionomic and fungus characteristics are required. Experimental research with complete randomized design was conducted to test the efficacy of.  M.anisopliae solution mixed olive oil and honey formula applied to ovitrap, plant trap and black cotton trap in infecting adult female Ae. aegypti. The death of Ae.a egypti and fungal growth on kadaver was observed everyday. 100% Ae. aegypti death was obtained in the ovitrap method with mixed formulation of M.anisopliae and olive oil. This method was also capable of infecting Ae.aegypti in various phases of both adults, eggs and larvae so that in this study ovitrap olive oil method was the most effective method for infecting M.anisopliae on Ae.aegypti. Abstrak Demam berdarah dengue merupakan salah satu masalah utama di Indoneisa. Penggunaan insektisida kimia sebagai upaya pengendalian DBD saat ini memiliki kendala resistensi insektisida yang dapat menghambat upaya pengendalian vektor. Jamur entomopatogen khususnya Metarhizium anisopliae adalah salah satu bioinsektisida yang telah digunakan secara luas di bidang pertanian untuk pengendalian serangan serangga efektif membunuh nyamuk, aman bagi vertebrata, manusia dan lingkungan serta memiliki risiko resistensi yang kecil. Diperlukan metode yang tepat baik dari formulasi maupun cara aplikasi untuk penginfeksian M.anisopliae kepada nyamuk yang sesuai dengan bionomik nyamuk dan karakteristik jamur. Penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap dilakukan untuk menguji efektivitas formula M.anisopliae. Larutan  M.anisopliae dicampur minyak zaitun dan madu yang diaplikasikan pada ovitrap, plant trap dan black cotton trap dalam menginfeksi Ae.aegypti betina dewasa. Pengamatan dilakukan pada  kematian Ae.aegypti dan pertumbuhan jamur pada kadaver setiap hari. Kematian Ae.aegypti 100% didapatkan pada metode ovitrap dengan formulasi campuran M.anisopliae dan minyak zaitun. Metode ini juga mampu menginfeksi Ae.aegypti pada berbagai fase baik dewasa, telur maupun larva sehingga pada penelitian ini metode zaitun ovitrap dinyatakan metode yang paling efektif untuk penginfeksian M.anisopliae pada Ae.aegypti.

scholarly journals Effects of entomopathogenic fungi on different developmental stages of Cotesia flavipes (Cam.) a parasitoid of Diatraea flavipennella (Box) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinthia Conceição Matias da Silva ◽  
Edmilson Jacinto Marques ◽  
José Vargas de Oliveira ◽  
Auristela Correia de Albuquerque ◽  
Eliana Maria Dos Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Cotesia Flavipes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Adult Parasitoid ◽  
Sugarcane Pests ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Biological control using the parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Cam.) is one of the main components in the integrated management of the sugarcane moth borer Diatraea spp. Besides this parasitoid, the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. are used to control sugarcane pests, and they can be found naturally parasitizing caterpillars. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana on different developmental stages of the C. flavipes parasitoid on Diatraea flavipennella (Box). The experiments were carried at laboratory with isolates PL 43 of M. anisopliae and ESALQ 447 of B. bassiana were applied to the parasitoid at the immature and adult phases. No negative effects were observed on the larval development of C. flavipes, and it could complete its development on caterpillars of D. flavipennella treated with fungi. The fungi did not cause pupal mortality. However, B. bassiana caused high mortality in the adult parasitoid (76%). The fungi had negative effects on parasitoids when applied during certain developmental stages of C. flavipes.

scholarly journals CL50 y variación de la patogenicidad en aislamientos de Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae evaluados en poblaciones de Premnotrypes vorax

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sandra Jaqueline Mena ◽  
Luis Alberto Peña ◽  
Ranulfo González
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Mortality Percentage

<p>Con el fin de evaluar una alternativa "ecológica" para el control de gusano blanco de la papa (<em>Premnotrypes vorax</em>), se trabajó con seis aislamientos de <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>y uno de <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, nativos del departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Inicialmente se estudió su patogenicidad y variabilidad en condiciones de laboratorio usando una concentración de 1x107 esporas.ml-1, observándose que todos los aislamientos fueron patogénicos para el gusano blanco. Sin embargo, se presentaron diferencias significativas entre la mortalidad causada por éstos (F7,14 = 4.64; P&lt;0.0001) pues la mortalidad varió desde 13.3% para Bb2 hasta 96.6% para Bb5. Posteriormente, se establecieron las concentraciones letales mediante Probit - Analysis de Raymons (1985), para cada aislamiento y en dos estadios de desarrollo de <em>P. vorax </em>(larvas y adultos). Los resultados obtenidos presentaron una relación positiva concentración/mortalidad, y los X2 calculados demostraron que los datos fueron homogéneos y se ajustaron a la línea de regresión con un nivel de confianza del 95%. En ambos estadios, los aislamientos Bb4, Bb5, Bb7 y Bb8 presentaron los porcentajes de mortalidad más altos; por esto, la línea base de mortalidad pudo ser establecida con mayor confianza y las CL99 fueron las más bajas, razón por la que fueron preseleccionados para un futuro estudio en campo.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>CL50 and pathogenic power of </strong><strong><em>Beauveria bassiana </em></strong><strong>and </strong><strong><em>Metharizium anisopliae </em></strong><strong>isolates infecting </strong><strong><em>Premnotrypes vorax </em></strong><strong>populations</strong></p><p>In order to evaluate an “ecologic” alternative for the control of the white worm potato (<em>Premnotrypes vorax</em>), were studied six <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>and one of <em>Metharizium anisopliae </em>isolates, native of Nariño, Colombia.Their pathogenicity and variability were observed under laboratory conditions using a concentration of 1x107 spores.ml-1. All the biocontrol densities evaluated were pathogenic to <em>P. vorax</em>; however, there were big differences among the mortality caused by the isolates (F7,14 = 4.64; P&lt;0.0001), they varied from 13.3% for Bb2 up to 96.6% for Bb5. Later, on lethal concentration made by Probit - Raymon’s analysis (1985), was established for each isolate in two development phases of <em>P. vorax </em>(larve and adults).The results presented a positive relation concentration/mortality and the calculated X2 proved that the data were homogeneous and adjusted to the linear regression with a 95% level of confidence. The higher mortality percentage was found in the two phases of the isolates Bb4, Bb5, Bb7 and Bb8, for that, there was security to establish the mortality base line; on the other hand, the CL99 where smaller, reason why they were pre selected for a future field study.</p>

scholarly journals The effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in controlling the green leaf hopper (Nephotettix virescens)

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012061
Author(s):  
Elisurya Ibrahim ◽  
Firmansyah Firmansyah ◽  
Sumarni Panikkai
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nephotettix Virescens ◽  
Green Leafhopper ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract Green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens) is one of the major pests on rice plants that can be a vector of tungro disease. Current pest control using insecticides by farmers is very worrying because in general it is not as recommended which can cause disturbances in the balance of the ecosystem, so it is necessary to use more environmentally friendly control alternatives, one of which is the use of entomopathogenic fungi that are targeted and do not cause the death of natural enemies. The potential of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents needs to be continuously developed to reduce the use of insecticides, one of which is the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae which is a type of entomopathogenic fungus that can kill insect pests. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of several concentration and application method of M. anisopliae on the mortality of the green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens). The study was conducted in the Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Tungro Disease Research Station starting from February - April 2020 using a two-factor factorial design in a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor was the application method consisting of two treatments, namely the spray method (A1) and dip method (A2) while the second factor was the conidia density of Metarhizium anisopliae with 4 levels, namely 0 (C0) as control, conidia density 106 (C1) conidia density 107 (C2) conidia density 108(C3). Each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that the concentration of 106 by dipping application showed the fastest average death time of green leafhopper imago, which occured after 4 days of application, while the fastest average death time of green leafhopper nymph was 3.67 days after application at a concentration of 10 7 by dipping applications.

scholarly journals Activity of strains of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin against white grub (Chiloloba acuta, Scarabaeidae, Coleoptera) under laboratory condition in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
White Grub ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Soil insect pests are the major productivity constrains of different crops among which white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), both adult and larval stages, are extremely destructive in nature. Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the virulence of an indigenous and a commercial strain of the entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, against white grubs species Chiloloba acuta by applying the dipping method at Entomology Division, NARC, Nepal. Third instars larvae of C. acuta were dipped in suspensions of indigenous and commercial strains (Pacer) of M. anisopliae at different concentrations ranging from 3.33×104 to 1.04×108 spores/ml for 3-5 seconds which resulted in 97.8% and 89% mortalities with the highest dose of 1.04×108 spores/ml 40 days after inoculation (DAI), respectively. The LC50 values for indigenous and commercial strain were 3.5×105 and 1.88×106 spores/ml, respectively, with the potency of 1:0.28 at 40 DAI. Bioassays were conducted in completely randomized design. From results it is concluded that the tested strains of entomopathogenic fungi have potential as microbial control agents in managing white grubs in laboratory and it is suggested to be tested under farmers field condition.

Virulence of Some Entomopathogenic Fungi Isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) to Aulacaspis tubercularis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)and Icerya seychellarum (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae) on Mango Crop

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atef M M Sayed ◽  
Christopher A Dunlap
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Six fungal isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and one isolate of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were isolated and evaluated for their pathogenicity to Icerya seychellarum (Westwood) and Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of the fungal blastospore concentrations and the percentage of mortality. Bio-efficacy increased significantly after inoculation with increasing concentration of blastospores and elapsed time up to 12 d after inoculation. The mortality of nymphs exposed to fungal isolates at various concentrations varied between 2.5 and 88.8%. Probit analysis of data at 95% confidence limits of LC50 and LT50s showed significant differences in the susceptibility of nymphs of I. seychellarum and A. tubercularis to the tested fungal isolates. The fungal isolates of Egy-6 and Egy-9 were the most effective against I. seychellarum and A. tubercularis, respectively. They had the lowest LC50 (4.20 × 105 and 5.71 × 103 blastospore ml−1) and LT50 (ranged from 4.61 to 9.79 and 4.84 to 8.71 d), respectively. The current study showed that all the fungal isolates yielded moderate mortality rates of nymphs and adult female populations of both the tested insect pests. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bio-efficacy of Beauveria and Metarhizium isolates against members of the Diaspidadae and Monophlebidae family insects. These results establish that the use of these native entomopathogenic fungi isolates of B. bassiana (Egy-3, Egy-4, Egy-6, Egy-7, Egy-9, and Egy-10) and M. anisopliae (Egy-5) could be considered for further development as microbial control agents of the mealybug and scale insects as a potential biological agent for use in an IPM program.

scholarly journals Patogenitas Isolat Jamur Entomopatogenik Metarhizium anisopliae terhadap Lalat Rumah Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noni Yunizar Rahmawati Kustiati
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
House Fly ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Treatment Concentration ◽  
Fungal Suspension

Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the entomopathogenic fungi that can be used to control house fly, Musca domestica. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in killing house flies. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatment concentration of Metarhizium anisopliae fungal suspension concentration of 1x106 conidia/mL, 3x106 conidia/mL, 5x106 conidia/mL, 7x106 conidia/mL, 9x106 conidia/mL with each repetition three times. The fungal pathogenicity was determined by the lethal time of 50% flies (LT50) for each concentration using Probit analysis. The result of this study showed that the time required to killing 50% of flies in consecutive consentrations was 7 days with concentrations ranging from 3x106 conidia/mL until 5x106 conidia/mL. In conclusion, the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is effectively deadly pest house flies Musca domestica.

scholarly journals COMPATIBILITY OF INSECTICIDES WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI Beauveria bassiana AND Metarhizium anisopliae

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhar Faturohman Abidin ◽  
Nuraeni Ekowati ◽  
Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Doses

Insecticide use has produced negative impact by affecting the non-target predatory organisms in nature, one of which is the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Interactions occur, however, between insecticides and the entomopathogens. The combination of insecticides at a low dose and an entomopathogenic fungus can work synergistically to increase pest insect mortality. This combination is particularly advantageous because it decreases the insecticide dose applied, reduces environmental contamination, and decreases pest resistance. The study purpose was to determine the compatible working insecticide dose and the entomopathogenic fungi B. basiana and M. anisopliae. The experimental design applied completely randomized design consisting of 15 treatments and four replicates. There were five types of insecticides with three different doses each (0.5 × Dose of Field (DF), 1 × DF, and 2 × DF), whereas the fungal isolates included B. basiana and M. anisopliae. The parameters observed were the germination percentage of conidia, the percentage of inhibition, and the number of conidia.ml-1. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (5% error rate). The mean values were analyzed by DMRT p < 0.05. Deltamethrin 0.5 x DF, and imidacloprid 0.5 x DF demonstrated the highest conidial germination in B. basiana and M. anisopli, respectively. Insecticides showing the highest vegetative growth on B. basiana and M. anisopliae at 7 DAI was imidacloprid 0.5 x DF, while at 14 DAI was imidacloprid 0.5 x DF and chlorphyrifos 2 x DF, respectively. The highest conidial production of the fungi was triggered by imidacloprid 0.5 x DF. Based on compatibility calculation, imidacloprid 0,5 x DF worked with B. basiana (BI: 67.77) and M. anisopliae (BI: 67.16).

scholarly journals Virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on different stages of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Omar ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
Khalid Hamadah
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Pink Bollworm ◽  
Pectinophora Gossypiella ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Abstract Background The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, is the most destructive pests of the cotton plant in Egypt. Due to the several problems of insecticides, the present study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity effect of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, against the different stages of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Results The fungal isolates exhibited a toxic effect against the treated stages, egg, larva, and pupa. According to the obtained data of LC50, B. bassiana was more potent in inducing toxicity than M. anisopliae. However, eggs of P. gossypiella were less susceptible to the EPF than the other stages. Based on total mortality, LC50 was 4.97×1011, 6.03×1012 spores/ml for egg; 8.25×108, 6.03×109 spores/ml for neonate; 2.52×108, 1.29×1010 spores/ml for early 4th instar larvae; and 6.79×108, 8.36×109 spores/ml for pupae after treatment with B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. Conclusions Entomopathogenic fungi exhibited an activity in inducing mortality against different stages of P. gossypiella.

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