scholarly journals JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN ASAL TANAH LEBAK DI SUMATERA SELATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI WALANG SANGIT (LEPTOCORISA ORATORIUS (F.))

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Effendy TA ◽  
Robby Septiadi ◽  
Abdullah Salim ◽  
Abdul Mazid

Entomopathogenic fungi from the lowland soil of South Sumatera and their potential as biocontrol agents of Stink Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius (F.)). The purpose of this research was to explore and examine the potential of soil borne entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatera as biological agents of Leptocorisa oratorius (F).  Soil used for trapping entomopatogenic fungi, was taken from five locations  in South Sumatera.  Percentage of nymph mortality was analyzed by using analysis of variance and arranged in Completely Randomized Design.  LT50­ of nymph mortality was determined with Probit Analysis.  Entomopathogenic fungi found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium sp.  Stink bug mortality due to B. bassiana isolates reached 40-73.3% and Metarhizium sp. reached 56.7-70%. The results showed that Metarhizium isolates were more virulent than B. bassiana isolates.  The viability of B. bassiana conidia did not decrease during sub-culturing.  Sub-culturing did not influence the mortality of stink bug nymph but it prolonged the LT50­  of the stink bug.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Hapsoh ◽  
Desita Salbiah ◽  
Isna Rahma Dini ◽  
Johanna Yosefin BR Tobing

Red chili is a horticultural crop that is widely cultivated commercially. The need for red chili is increasing, in accordance with the increasing variety of types of food that use red chili as a raw material. Pest attacks on red chili plants are an obstacle in red chili cultivation. Spodoptera litura is a red chili pest that can cause yield reductions of up to 80%. Control using the Riau local entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana is an effort to control S. litura using environmentally friendly materials. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the Riau local entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana to contol S. litura pests and the growth of red chili plants. The research was carried out at the Plant Pest Laboratory and Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University from July to August 2020. This study was designed in a completely randomized design with five treatments, namely the concentration of Riau local Riau B. bassiana 20 gl-1 water, 25 gl-1 water, 30 gl-1 water, 35 gl-1 water and 40 gl-1 water and four replications to obtain 20 experimental units. The results showed that the concentration of Riau local B. bassiana 30 gl-1 of water containing a conidia density of 4.1 × 108 con.ml-1 was a concentration that affected S. litura pests and chili plant growth by causing the intensity of S. litura pests which could be categorized as lower at 4.15% and can cause a peak in larval death on the fourth day after application.


2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2185-2190
Author(s):  
Diones Krinski ◽  
Bruna Magda Favetti ◽  
Adielson Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
Tatiane Regina Brum

This study aimed to evaluate the oviposition preference of the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.) on artificial substrates of different colors (felt woven). For this, ten pairs of stink bugs were transferred into plastic pots. Each pot contained seven felts of 6x20 cm (100% polyester-atoxic) of different colors (white, black, blue, green, red, yellow and brown). The pots were evaluated daily for three weeks (21 days) being counted the number of eggs, clutches and eggs per clutch for each color of felt. The choice test was set in a completely randomized design. Data obtained was submitted to the analysis of variance and means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. During the evaluation were produced 7074 eggs distributed in 977 clutches, accounting a mean of 7.06±0.67 eggs per clutch. Results indicated that females laid a significantly greater number of eggs (2380 and 1686) and a greater number of clutches (319 and 233) on the yellow and white felts, respectively, than on the remaining substrates. The substrates in color red, black and brown were the least preferred, and the colors blue and green were intermediate when compared with others. Therefore, the substrates colored yellow and white are suggested to be used in rearing E. heros in the laboratory.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Dyah Widiastuti ◽  
Bina Ikawati ◽  
Upik Kesumawati Hadi

Aedes aegypti is a major vector of dengue, a deadly disease causing deaths of millions of people in developing countries, both in urban and rural populations. Aedes aegypti control with chemical insecticide is widely used, and affects on a widespread insecticide resistance. Mosquito biological control was needed to replace the use of chemical insecticide. This study aimed to evaluate larvicidal effect of mixture of Beauveria bassiana crude metabolite and chitinase enzyme against Aedes aegypti larvae. An experimental study using completely Randomized Design was conducted in March-April 2016 at Banjarnegara Research and Development Unit for Zoonosis Control. Biolarvacide formula was made of mixture with 2 : 1 ratio between Beauveria bassiana crude metabolite and chitinase isolated from chitinolytic bacteria, which was propagated by the Agency’s Bacteriology Laboratory. In experimental method, 120 Aedes aegyptilarvae (3rd instar) were exposed with four concentrations of biolarvacide formula (4%, 8%, 16%, and 32%) in 3 replicates. Results showed that exposure of biolarvacide formula caused the third instar larval mortality which started on the first day of exposure. Probit analysis showed LC50 value was obtained at concentration of 53.2 ppm. This shows that larvacide formula of Beauveria bassiana and chitinase enzyme compounds are effective to be used as larvacides against Aedes aegypti larvae.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Lukman Affandhy ◽  
Muchamad Luthfi ◽  
Dian Ratnawati ◽  
Frediansyah Firdaus

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daun Moringa oleifera (MO) terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas semen sapi peranakan ongole (PO). Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan pemberian MO sebesar 0 kg/ekor/hari (P1); 0,05 kg/ekor/hari (P2) dan 0,1 kg/ekor/hari (P3). Analsis data menggunakan one way analysis of variance. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas empat ekor dengan tiga periode pengamatan sebagai ulangan, yaitu periode pertama dan ketiga tanpa MO, dan periode kedua diberikan MO pada P2 dan P3. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa volume dan pH semen perlakuan P1, P2 dan P3 tidak berbeda semua periode pengamatan. Motilitas massa spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukan nilai +++ berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1 (++); motilitas individu  perlakuan P1 menunjukkan nilai terendah 60,56±2,94 % (P<0,05) dibandingkan P2 dan P3 pada periode kedua dan ketiga (75,50±2,29 dan 72,50±2,34%). Konsentrasi spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan rata-rata  >1.350 juta/ml berbeda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (876±152juta/ml), sedangkan total spermatozoa motil menunjukkan nilai tertinggi 5.647±829 juta/ml pada P3 periode kedua.Viabilitas spermatozoa P2 dan P3 menunjukkan nilai >88-89 % beda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (<84 %) pada periode kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan nilai abnormalitas spermatozoa yang terbaik adalah P2 sebesar 4,30% pada periode kedua dan P3 sebesar 5,33% pada periode ketiga. Disimpulkan pemberian bubuk daun MO dengan dosis 0,1 kg/ekor/hari dapat memperbaiki kuantitas dan kualitas semen (viabilitas dan total spermatozoa motil) sapi pejantan PO.Kata kunci:  kuantitas dan kualitas semen, Moringa oleifera, sapi pejantan ABSTRACTThe research aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on the quantity and quality of semen of ongole crossbreed. The research method used was a field experiment with a completely randomized design with three treatments giving MO of 0 kg/head/day (P1); 0.05 kg/head/day (P2) and 0.1 kg/head/day (P3). Each treatment consisted of four heads with three periods of observation as replications, namely the first and third periods without MO, and the second period was given MO on P2 and P3. Data analysis used a one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the volume and pH of semen treated P1, P2, and P3 didn’t different in all observation periods. The second and third period spermatozoa mass motility of P2 and P3 showed that the value of +++ was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to P1 (++); Individual motility of P1 treatment showed the lowest value 60,56±2,94 % (P<0.05) compared to P2 and P3 in the second and third periods (75,50±2,29 and 72,50±2,34%). The second and third periods of P2 and P3 spermatozoa concentrations showed an average of >1,350 million/cc significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (876±152 million/cc), while the total motile spermatozoa showed the highest value of 5,647±829 million/cc in the second period P3. The spermatozoa viability of P2 and P3 showed values >88-89% significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (<84%) in the second and third periods, while the best spermatozoa abnormalities were P2 at 4.30% in the second period and P3 at 5.33% in the third period. It was concluded that the giving of MO leaf powder at a dose of 0,1 kg/head/day could improve the quantity and quality of semen (viability and total motile spermatozoa) of Ongole Crossbreed bulls. Keywords: bulls, Moringa oleifera, quantity and quality of semen


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ALVES ◽  
L. GALON ◽  
R.R. KAIZER ◽  
F.L. WINTER ◽  
C.M. HOLZ ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: The use of plant species for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with herbicides is an alternative that has been emphasized to minimize the effects of the persistence of agrochemicals in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance potential of winter species in soils contaminated with sulfentrazone and fomesafen. The experiment was in a completely randomized design with four replications. Doses of fomesafen (0.0, 0.125, 0.250, and 0.5 kg ha-1) and sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha-1) were applied during the pre-emergence of phytoremediate species (black oat, vetch, birdsfood trefoil, radish and lupin). Forty five days after the emergence of the species, the phytotoxicity (%), leaf area (cm2), stalk and/or stem diameter (mm), height (cm) and dry matter (g) variables of the plants were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by F test; when significant, linear or non linear regressions were applied to evaluate the effect of herbicide doses on the studied species. Birdsfood trefoil was the less tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone. Black oat was less affected by the application of fomesafen doses, but it was highly susceptible to sulfentrazone. Radish presented tolerance only up to the fomesafen dose of 0.25 kg ha-1; as for sulfentrazone, the species showed tolerance. The most tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone, regardless of the dose, was the lupine, which is a possible alternative for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with these herbicides.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Dian Fatriani Indah Saputri ◽  
Anwar Daud ◽  
Rachman Syah ◽  
Agus Bintara Birawida ◽  
Hasnawati Amqam ◽  
...  

Depuration is an effort to reduce/eliminate contamination including microplastics, which one is using a water circulation system. This study aims to determine the effective depuration time to reduce the microplastic content in Asaphis detlorata This study used a quantitative approach with experimental research design with a completely randomized design. There are 450 shells used as an experimental animal where is the treatment consisted of four depuration times, namely 1;2;3; and 4 days with 3 repetitions of each treatment, while the control shells were without depuration. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to see the effect of depuration treatment on the microplastic content. If the effect of the treatment was significantly different, then the post hoc test was continued to determine the differences between treatments. The results showed that Asaphis detlorata obtained from the mouth of the Lakatong river estuary were contaminated with microplastics ranging from 0.6 to 8.1 MPs/shellfish and an average of 3.96 MPs/shellfish. Depuration time significantly affected the microplastic content in shellfish depuration effectiveness. There is a tendency that the longer depuration time is decreased microplastic content in shellfish. The effective depuration time to reduce the microplastic content in Asaphis detlorata was 3 and 4 days. Further research is needed for a more effective depuration for cleaning microplastics in shellfish.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Edy Kustiani ◽  
Mariyono Mariyono ◽  
Bela Citra Ayuningtyas

Red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) is one of the most popular vegetables because of its high nutritional value and easy cultivation. Efforts to increase the production of red spinach are to fertilize to meet the needs of both macro and micronutrients. This study aimed to determine the effect of ZA fertilizer dose on the growth and yield of red spinach. The environmental design used was a non-factorial, completely randomized design with four replications. The factors tested were the dose of ZA fertilizer which consisted of 6 levels, namely: without ZA fertilizer (D0); 0.4 gr/polybag (D1); 0.8 gr/polybag (D2); 1.2 gr/polybag (D3); 1.6 gr/polybag (D4); 2 gr/polybag (D5). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance, and if the results were significantly different, the BNT test was continued at a 5% level. The growth and yield of red spinach showed significant differences due to the ZA fertilizer dose treatment. The ZA fertilizer dose treatment of 1.2 g/polybag (D3) resulted in the highest plant height, the number of leaves, and leaf area of red spinach at 14, 21, and 28 days after planting. The ZA fertilizer dose treatment of 1.2 g/polybag (D3) resulted in the highest wet and dry weight plants of 49.15 and 4.38 grams, respectively. The ZA 1.2 gr/polybag dose is the ideal dose to increase the productivity of red spinach.Bayam merah (Amaranthus gangeticus) termasuk sayuran penting yang disukai masyarakat karena bernilai gizi tinggi dan mudah pembudidayaannya. Upaya peningkatan hasil bayam merah salah satunya dengan pemupukan untuk menambah nutrisi yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bayam merah pada perlakuan dosis pupuk ZA. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor. Faktor yang diujikan adalah dosis pupuk ZA, terdiri 6 taraf, yaitu: tanpa pupuk ZA (D0); 0.4 gr/polybag (D1); 0.8 gr/polybag (D2); 1.2 gr/polybag (D3); 1.6 gr/polybag (D4); 2 gr /polybag (D5). Percobaan dilakukan dengan ulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Analisis data menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA), apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf 5%. Perlakuan dosis pupuk ZA berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bayam merah. Perlakuan dosis pupuk ZA 1.2 gr/polybag (D3) menghasilkan tinggi, jumlah dan luas daun tanaman bayam merah tertinggi pada pengamatan umur 14, 21, dan 28 HST. Dosis pupuk ZA 1.2 gr/polybag (D3) juga menunjukkan berat basah dan berat kering tanaman tertinggi sebesar 49.15 dan 4.38 gram. Dosis ZA 1.2 gr/polybag merupakan dosis ideal untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman bayam merah.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Nilawati Widjaya

<p class="p1">The purpose of this study was to know the effect of vitamin E addition in glucose phosphate diluent on the survival of sheep spermatozoa at 5 °C. The xperiment used 3 rams. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, each replicate with 3 ejaculate cement of sheep. The treatments were the dose of Vitamin E with E<span class="s1">0 </span>= 0 μg/ml, E<span class="s1">1 </span>= 1 μg/ml, E<span class="s1">2 </span>= 4 μg/ml, E<span class="s1">3 </span>= 7 μg/ml, and E<span class="s1">4 </span>= 10 μg/ml. Variables measured were motility, live spermatozoa and plasma membrane integrity. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance according to Steel and Torrie (1981). The result showed that treatment of vitamin E with a dose of 1 μg/ml - 10 μg/ml l had no significant effect on motility, percentage live spermatozoa and membrane integrity of sheep spermatozoa on day two (P&gt; 0.05).</p>


Author(s):  
Sri Sukamto

One of the entomopatogenous fungus types commonly observed and showed potency as myco-insectiside is Beauveria bassiana(Bals.) Vuill.In order to support effectiveness and patogenous activity of B. bassiana, it is necessary to add a carrying agent that protects its spores from ultra violet ray. This study aims to investigate the effect of storage temperature on viability of B. Bassianaspores on the carrier material. The observation was carried out in the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute. The research was arranged in completely randomized design by three factors. The first factor was carrier (C), that consists of C1 = rice flour, C2 = maize flour and C3 = tapioca flour. The second factor was dosage (D), that consists of D1 = 1 g B. bassiana+ 1 g carrier; D2 = 1 g B. bassiana+ 5 g carrier and D3 = 1 g B. bassiana+ 10 g carrier. The third factor was temperature of the storage (T),that consists of T1 = 5oC; T2 = 23oC and T3 = 29oC. Viability of B. Bassiana spores was examined by observing development of 100 blastopores randomly and determined under light microscope with 400 times magnification. Observation was conducted in two replicates after the spores of B. bassiana were kept in the storage for 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks. The result showed that by adding 1 g tapioca flour and temperature of storage of 5oC was potentiall in keeping viability of B. bassianaspores at least for 2 months. It was due to that tapioca flour gave better effect than rice and maize flours in keeping the storage and appropriate low temperature. Viability of B. bassianaspores decreased with increasing carrier dosage, temperature and duration of the storage. Whereas, storage at 5oC was found to be a better condition in keeping viability of dry pure B. bassianaspores longer than conditions of 23o and 29oC. Key word:Beauveria bassiana, temperature, viability,carrier.


ZOOTEC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Agung R. P. Rumondor ◽  
B. Tulung ◽  
A. Rumambi ◽  
C.A Rahasia

EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF CORN WITH SORGUM Cv. KAWALI IN PELLET RANSUM ON LOCAL RABBIT PERFORM. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution corn with sorghum in rabbit rations on feed consumption, body weight gain, and ration conversion. The duration of the study was 28 days using 20 local rabbits. The statistical design used in this study was a completely randomized design, with 4 (four) treatment rations and 5 (five) replications. The four experimental rations, namely R0: 45% corn + 0% sorghum, R1: 30% corn + 15% sorghum, R2 15% corn + 30% sorghum, R3 0% corn + 45% sorghum. Variables were measured, viz: feed consumption, body weight gain and ration conversion. The results showed that the average of feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion, were: 28.27–30.59 g /head /day, 15.76–21.55 g / head /day, and 1.42-1.80 g /head /day, respectively. Based on the analysis of variance, the treatments ration had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on consumption, but had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on body weight gain and feed conversion. The LSD test showed that all treatment rations using sorghum (R1, R2, and R3) gave results of body weight gain which were very significantly different (P <0.01) and higher than R0. Whereas, on ration conversion, treatments R1, R2, and R3 give very different results (P <0.01) lower than R0. It is concluded that the substitution of corn with sorghum at the level of 45% in the ration gives the highest results for body weight gain and conversion of rations for rabbits. Keywords: corn, sorghum, ration, performance, local rabbit


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