scholarly journals Effects of Divorce in the Happiness of Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Fabjana Bakiu Maksutaj
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study investigates the impact that parent’s divorce has on the happiness of Albanian children in the city of Tirana. The age group was determined to be from 13 to 18 years old, because it related to adolescence, which is a difficult stage in which the child is prepared for the transition as an adult. The goal is to measure the level of happiness according to the subjective perception of the children for the time when they lived with both parents, and after that of divorce. Its achievement was accomplished by setting of such goals as: was the child happy before the divorce of the parents, is he happy after it now? Is he happy with the life he leads and would he liked to live with both parents again? If yes, what would it change in his life and would his happiness increase? Methodology involves a primary survey with the help of a structured questionnaire among 405 children from 19 public elementary and high schools in Tirana. The consequences of divorce to happiness of children are theoretically explained and give the opportunity to raise research questions in recent years. The research instrument includes questions about the level of happiness before and after parental divorce and the impact of parents‘ relationships after divorce on happiness for this segment of children. The data analyse have led to conclusions and recommendations on social policies to be followed towards this segment in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Retail Structure in Barcelona: From Tourism-Phobia to the Desertification of City Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8215
Author(s):  
Lluís Frago Clols
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

COVID-19 has meant major transformations for commercial fabric. These transformations have been motivated by the collapse of consumer mobility at multiple scales. We analyzed the impact of the collapse of global tourist flows on the commercial fabric of Barcelona city center, a city that has been a global reference in over-tourism and tourism-phobia. Fieldwork in the main commercial areas before and after the pandemic and complementary semi-structured interviews with the main agents involved highlight the relationship between global tourist flows and commercial fabric. The paper shows how the end of global tourism has meant an important commercial desertification. The end of the integration of the city center into global consumer flows has implications for urban theory. It means a downscaling of the city center and the questioning of traditional center-periphery dynamics. It has been shown that the tourist specialization of commerce has important effects on the real estate market and makes it particularly vulnerable. However, the touristic specialization of commercial activities as a strategy of resilience has also been presented. This adaptation faces the generalized commercial desertification that drives the growing concentration of consumption around the online channel.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of case mobility: issues and recommendations from Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Athanasios Thanos Giannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mobility Matrix ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the assessment of future applications of CASE (Co-operative, Autonomous, Shared, and Electric) mobility—a term that is also taken to include the more traditionally known applications of ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems). It sets the objective of making such assessments more holistic and horizontal in nature because future CASE mobility applications will include many technologies and service concepts as an integrated whole serving specific mobility objective. Traditional evaluation methodologies will therefore have to be modified to account for this situation, and to this end, the paper focuses on assessing and adapting such “traditional” methodologies. It draws from the experience gained in Greece in the last decade when a substantial number of ITS applications were implemented and assessed, especially in the second largest urban area of the country, the city of Thessaloniki (part of the EU’s European Network of Living Labs). Four basic methodologies are selected: the use of KPIs (Key Performance Indicators), focused interviews, the CMME (CASE Mobility Matrix Evaluation), and the use of safety audits before and after the CASE mobility application. For the first three, the paper suggests specific indicators and/or content. It also gives an example of the use of CMME based on a use case from Thessaloniki. The contents and recommendations of this paper provide a better understanding of the emerging situation as regards CASE mobility applications and point to the need for establishing a timely and comprehensive CASE mobility evaluation framework at both national and European levels, for future implementations.

scholarly journals Impact of removing iodised salt on children's goitre status in areas with excessive iodine in drinking-water

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengmin Lv ◽  
Dong Xu ◽  
Yuchun Wang ◽  
Zhao Jun ◽  
Lihui Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Iodised Salt ◽  
Excessive Iodine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Goitre Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

The impact of removing iodised salt on children's goitre status in a high-iodine area (HIA) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the changes in the prevalence of goitre in children after removing iodised salt from their diet. For this purpose, three towns with the median water iodine content of 150–300 μg/l were selected randomly in Hengshui City, Hebei Province, China. A total of 452 and 459 children were randomly selected from the three towns in order to measure thyroid volume by ultrasound before and after removing iodised salt, respectively. Their goitre status was judged using the criteria of age-specific thyroid volume recommended by the WHO. After removing iodised salt, the overall median urinary iodine content (MUIC) of children decreased from 518 (interquartile range (IQR) 347–735) to 416 (IQR 274–609) μg/l. The MUIC of children across sex and age group decreased significantly except for the age group of 9 years. The overall prevalence of goitre in the three towns significantly decreased from 24·56 % (n 111/452) to 5·88 % (n 27/459) (P< 0·001). Goitre prevalence in children aged 8–10 years decreased from 33·70 % (n 31/92), 23·32 % (n 45/193) and 20·96 % (n 35/167) to 6·10 % (n 10/164), 5·52 % (n 9/163) and 6·06 % (n 8/132), respectively. Goitre prevalence in boys and girls decreased from 27·05 % (n 66/244) and 21·63 % (n 45/208) to 6·66 % (n 15/226) and 5·15 % (n 12/233), respectively. The decreases in the prevalence of goitre in children across sex and age group were all statistically significant. The present study revealed that goitre prevalence in children decreased significantly after removing iodised salt from their diet for about 1·5 years in the HIA in Hebei Province.

scholarly journals The impact of pictorial warning attached on cigarette packet to the attitude of smoking habit

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Dr. Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Prof. Dr. Belal Ahmed ◽  
Prof. Dr. Md. Khorshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Warning Message ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted to assess the effect pictorial warning message on cigarette packets to the attitude and practice of smokers using a semi-structured questionnaire employing purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 214 by face to face interview carried out in different cities, towns, and villages of Bangladesh from August 2016 to February 2017. Almost 97.6% were male and Most of the respondents (40.9%) belonged to the 20-29 years age group. Majority (58.3%) of them were educated from secondary to graduate few percent below primary. Highest 22.9% respondents were students followed by 17.6% private job holder, 16.9% day labor and only 1.4% was jobless. About 40.2% started smoking by the influence of friends, 26.2% started on curiosity and 20% due to depression and majority 41.0% smoked 1-5 cigarette sticks per day. More than half (65.5%) of respondents felt relax to refreshing by smoking and about two third 77.6% continued their smoking due to habitual act or psychological pleasure Almost 93.4% gave attention to the pictorial warning on the cigarette packets. About 46.4% thought pictorial warning in cigarette packets alarms for not to smoke and only 23.8% thought smoking will cause cancer; 21.4% thought smoking is injurious to health. After seeing the pictorial warning on cigarettes 57.6% reduced the smoking number of sticks per day also attempted to quit smoking. To reduce this restricting the advertisement of tobacco, arranging campaign to raise awareness among people about the health and environmental hazards of smoking and increase the tax on tobacco.

scholarly journals The Impact of Principals’ Knowledge of the Objectives of High Schools and the Influence on Their Managerial Practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghadiri Bayekolaee ◽  
Omolbanin Abdi Sarkami ◽  
Seyed Ali Vahedi Moakher ◽  
Hassan Razaghi Shani ◽  
Seyed Majid Taheri Darkahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Managerial Performance ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Educational Assistants ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">This study aims to assess the knowledge of the principals and educational assistants with high schools’ objectives and determines its impact on the performance of their managerial courses (case study: the city of Sari). This is a descriptive study and different questionnaires were used to collect the data. The study population consisted of all managers and educational assistants of both sexes. In this study, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used, based on Yamane formula, sample size was calculated 150. For processing and data analysis, SPSS software and descriptive statistics with central indexes, distribution, frequency tables and charts and to rule out or prove the research hypothesis, inferential statistics (T) are used for two independent groups. The result shows that in high schools the impact of principals and educational assistants’ knowledge toward their managerial function are meaningful and decisive. The deeper the information, knowledge and skills of principals and educational assistants of the goals of high school, their managerial performance will be better.</span>

scholarly journals Activation, Non-Take-Up, and the Sense of Entitlement: A Swiss Case Study of Disability Policy Reforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-260
Author(s):  
Emilie Rosenstein
Keyword(s):  
Disability Insurance ◽  
Disability Policy ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Sense Of Entitlement ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Based on the case of the Swiss disability insurance (DI), the article questions the impact of activation on the (non-)take-up of social policies. It investigates the aim and content of activation policies (as found in official texts and discourses) and their subjective perception among recipients. Inspired by Kerr’s model and Hobson’s notion of “sense of entitlement”, analysis reveals the paradoxical outcomes of DI reforms. It underlines the importance of the subjective dimension of entitlements in the sociological understanding of non-take-up.

scholarly journals Saving and Investment Pattern: Assessment and Prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Deepika Dhawan ◽  
Sushil Kumar Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Investment Pattern ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
Financial Consultants ◽  
Lock In ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Relevance: This study is conducted to look into the investor rationality by examining the pattern of saving and investment in the city of Jammu situated in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Research Objective: The objective of this study is to see the association of saving and income; reasons for saving; and preferences of investors for different investment instruments through administering the structured questionnaire. Methodology: Respondents are conveniently selected based on judgment. One -Way ANOVA, ANCOVA, and MANOVA are used to identify and understand the patterns of saving and investment and underlying triggers for the same. Findings: A relationship between saving and income is found, after controlling for the effects of variables, namely, age, gender, and occupation. Likewise, the impact of gender on financial literacy and awareness is found. This study also finds that people prefer safe and liquid investments with tax benefits, higher returns, and fewer lock-in-periods. Implications: The outcome will help financial consultants and investment managers to know more about the psyche and the level of financial literacy of people, and thus to help them in their objective of garnering funds and invest at a significant level and, finally helping in the capital formation.

scholarly journals Assessment of the implementation of preventive measures by Iraqis people to reduce the spread of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rawaa Kamel-Abd ◽  
Vinoth Raman-Rangan
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background and aim The new outbreak “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)” happened in china is caused by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Consequently, it spreads across the globe and is affecting wellbeingframeworks and the global economy. This pandemic disease places a heavy burden on governments in general, so individuals must adhere to WHO's instructions to limit its spread. The current study was applied to find out the extent of commitment among theIraqi people to the standards of prevention measures against the coronavirus.Materials and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted with 1 153 respondents widely in all governorates of Iraq to identify the commitment of the Iraqis to the preventive measures against COVID-19 in Iraq. This study covered the Iraqis in three mainregions (Southern, middle, and Northern) for data collection. It was conducted between the 17th and 25th of March 2020, and Iraqis were administered with a structured questionnaire comprising of three domains.Results The results showed that the majority of the respondents (52%) were female, and most of them (42.3%) were observed between the age group of 31-40 years. About 82% of the respondents were residents of urban areas.Conclusion This study reveals the excellent implementation of preventive measures by the population. It is observed that the application of prevention standards in the countryside is less than in the city.

scholarly journals Electoral competition in the elections of the representative local self-government bodies in Chelyabinsk: before and after the 2014 reform

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Oleg Vydrin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electoral Competition ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Agent Model ◽  
Observation Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Principal Agent Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Introduction. The article examines the dynamics of electoral competition over four electoral cycles from 2005 to 2019 as exemplified by forming representative bodies of local self-government in the city of Chelyabinsk. Particular attention is paid to the impact that the transition of Chelyabinsk to a twotier model of forming local self-government bodies in 2014 had on the electoral competition. The purpose of the paper is to study the dynamics of electoral competition in municipal elections in Chelyabinsk before and after the 2014 reform. Methods. The empirical basis of the study is the database “Electoral competition in the elections of municipal deputies of Chelyabinsk (2005—2019)”, which includes 414 observation units. The analysis of the empirical material is carried out according to the method of G.V. Golosov’s triangle of relative sizes, proposed for classifying party systems and adapted for analyzing elections in single-mandate constituencies. Scientific novelty. The author suggests a methodology for analyzing electoral competition in singlemandate constituencies. For the first time, the phenomenon of “controlled competition” is analyzed on the basis of 4 municipal elections cycles. Results. The analysis makes it possible to speak about fluctuations in electoral competition, its decline in 2009 and 2014 compared to the 2005 elections and increasing by the 2019 elections Conclusions. The “controlled competition” was formed in Chelyabinsk in the period preceding the reform of 2014. The reform introduced a level of local self-government, the effectiveness and necessity of which is not obvious with the existing design of the electoral system. In the course of the reform, the principal-agent model of relations between local self-government bodies and state authorities was finally consolidated. The reform contributed to conserving the “controlled competition”.

The effect of lodging tax increases on US destinations

2019 ◽  
pp. 135481661989075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hudson ◽  
Fang Meng ◽  
Kevin Kam Fung So ◽  
Scott Smith ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
States Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Room Time

This study examined the impact of lodging tax increases on eight different destinations of the United States. Data were collected via in-depth stakeholder interviews and monthly statistics provided by Smith Travel Research including average daily rate, occupancy, and revenue per available room. Time series analysis was employed to estimate the impact of tax increases in each destination by analyzing that time series before and after the imposition of the tax. Overall, our results did not fully support the hypothesis that when a city’s hotel tax greatly increases above that of an easily accessible competitor, it will result in an economic loss to the city with the disproportionate tax rates. Hotels appear to have absorbed any tax increases with little impact to their businesses, but there was concern among stakeholders as to how the lodging tax was spent.

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