scholarly journals Is social forecasting of the mobile world’s dynamics currently possible?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
Oleg N. Yanitsky
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Metabolic Analysis ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Based on Soviet sociologists being able to predict the fall of the USSR in the mid 1980’s, the author of this article seeks to understand whether social forecasting is possible in our unstable and constantly changing modern world. Relying on the theoretical work of Russian and Western sociologists conducted in the 2000’s, including his own research and his participation in three international projects, the author of this article demonstrates that to this day a dichotomous approach prevails in prognostic studies. Such an approach to analysis is preferred by most Anglo-Saxon scientists who study globalization. The article also examines the theoretical-methodological trends being developed outside the boundaries of the aforementioned dichotomous analysis by researchers from third-world countries. For example, subject to analysis is the heuristic potential of analyzing modern globalization as a self-organizing “movement of the movements”, as well as the need for interdisciplinary and metabolic analysis. Special attention is devoted to changes on the micro-level, in other words, to the position and lifestyle of an individual under conditions of fluid modernization. The article is concluded by certain specific considerations on the author’s part concerning the type and nature of the theory and methodology, which allow for adequately analyzing and predicting the dynamics of our modern non-equilibrium and mobile world. Analyzed are the methodological contradictions between social and physical sciences in their ideas and approaches when it comes to criteria and methods for predicting the dynamics of the globalized world.

War in Social Thought

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Joas ◽  
Wolfgang Knöbl
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Critical History ◽  
Original Argument

This book provides a sweeping critical history of social theories about war and peace from Thomas Hobbes to the present. It presents both a broad intellectual history and an original argument as it traces the development of thinking about war over more than 350 years—from the premodern era to the period of German idealism and the Scottish and French enlightenments, and then from the birth of sociology in the nineteenth century through the twentieth century. While focusing on social thought, the book draws on many disciplines, including philosophy, anthropology, and political science. It demonstrate the profound difficulties most social thinkers—including liberals, socialists, and those intellectuals who could be regarded as the first sociologists—had in coming to terms with the phenomenon of war, the most obvious form of large-scale social violence. With only a few exceptions, these thinkers, who believed deeply in social progress, were unable to account for war because they regarded it as marginal or archaic, and on the verge of disappearing. This overly optimistic picture of the modern world persisted in social theory even in the twentieth century, as most sociologists and social theorists either ignored war and violence in their theoretical work or tried to explain it away. The failure of the social sciences and especially sociology to understand war, the book argues, must be seen as one of the greatest weaknesses of disciplines that claim to give a convincing diagnosis of our times.

Warfare, oracles and iron: a case study of production among the pre-colonial Klowe, in the light of some recent Marxist analyses

Africa ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brown
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Third World

Opening ParagraphIt is perhaps surprising that the recent resurgence of interest in the application of Marxist theory to the study of the historically non-capitalist societies of the Third World should have focused, at least in part, upon the stateless societies of Africa. To some extent, this interest in some of the least differentiated and least class-stratified of societies can be related to the fundamental problematic of Marxist sociology: the characterization of the stage of advanced communism, which remains so obscure in Marx's own theoretical work. An understanding of the dynamics of ‘primitive’ communism might be seen, therefore, as an essential precursor to this underlying concern. Certainly, the often highly tendentious views of Marxist writers on such issues as the definition of the state and the extent of exploitation in the primitive communist mode can be related to this need. However, the rise of Marxist anthropology has not only been presented as a problem of general evolutionary theory. Other influences have been offered to account for the new concern, the most widely cited being the supposed crisis of functionalism, and the resulting necessity for a complete reorientation of the whole discipline of anthropology. Stateless societies, having long occupied a central place in the field of anthropological enquiry, and yet outwardly presenting such simplicity of form, offer a particular challenge to the radical, and in several recent works have been interpreted in what is claimed to be a novel and distinctive way.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP AS CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-41
Author(s):  
T. Kychkyruk ◽  
◽  
H. Salata ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Servant Leader ◽  
Business World ◽  
Multidisciplinary Analysis ◽  
New Type ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Globalized World

The modern world needs a new type of leader who develops a vision of the future for his / her followers and encourages them to be ready for it. These leaders ensure changes, they are not focused that much on the behavior of their followers / subordinates and on controlling their behavior. On the contrary, they are focused on the development of initiative and support becoming the servants of those they have to lead. The concept of servant l eadership is derived from the ideas of Robert K. Greenleaf. As R. Greenleaf states, it all starts with a natural urge – the desire to serve. The motto of this thought is "A good leader is primarily a servant". The task of the leader is to achieve common goals by ensuring the well-being of followers and subordinates. Servant leadership is an attempt to become better, to become the person others would gladly follow. Such an idealistic vision of a leader as a servant is fruitful and is paid off even in a very competitive business world. A servant leader builds an organized and creative team, and this type of leadership involves the development of organizational culture which demonstrates a high level of trust. Being a servant leader means to help people overcome obstacles and get the tools and resources they need to perform better; to be an example; to facilitate the work of others; to be willing to do what others do. This model of leadership implies a "flattening" of hierarchies: a boss is a friend who listens to those who are with him/her rather than a person who decides what is best for them. This type of leadership has the powerful potential in today’s globalized world. The article aims to analyze the concept of servant leadership. The authors have used an interpretive research paradigm and multidisciplinary analysis.

scholarly journals Francophonie et études francophones: considérations historiques et métacritiques sur quelques concepts majeurs (Francophonie and Francophone studies: historical considerations and metacritiques on a few major concepts)

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
François Provenzano
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Francophone Studies ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

The so called French-speaking world is much more than a community of speakers using the same language. Since the era of decolonization, language has become a major economical stake for France, as well as an important symbolic struggle against Anglo-Saxon linguistic and political hegemony. In the academic context also, the developments of Francophone studies demonstrate a current preoccupation with integrating francophone reality into the common encyclopaedia. This paper steps back from such contemporary debates. Analysing the historical and epistemological backgrounds from which francophone projects have been emerging since the end of the nineteenth century, the paper discusses a number of useful concepts for approaching francophone realities. I argue that the main difficulty of the theoretical work in this field is the diversity of definitions of the object, as well as the inability to separate it from ideological content. Starting with the so called first occurrence of the word ‘francophonie’, I examine the institutional, sociolinguistic, poetical and socioliterary definitions that have attempted to explain the constitutive dimensions of an abstract francophone unity. Taking a metacritical point of view, and inspired by Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological works on the one hand and discursive approaches on the other, this article hopes to present pointers for future research into the study of French-speaking zones, peoples and cultures.

Social gerontology in France: historical trends and recent developments

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIM OGG ◽  
CATHERINE GORGEON
Keyword(s):  
Early Retirement ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Social Gerontology ◽  
Disabled Elderly ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Life Course

Social gerontology, as a distinct discipline, has been slower to develop in France than in Anglo-Saxon countries. Gerontological discourses have been dominated by the medical and physical sciences. At the same time, France has a long tradition of research on ageing that incorporates important social dimensions, particularly in demographic and economic fields. Current developments include research on pensions and related issues such as early-retirement or older people in the labour force; inter-generational relations or family solidarity; disabled elderly people and caring; and ageing among ethnic minority populations. These developments point in the direction of co-ordinated, multi-disciplinary approaches to the life course and ageing in the future.

scholarly journals Troubled Terrain of NGO Credibility in Public Arena-A need for Technology Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3483-3488
Keyword(s):  
Social Skill ◽  
Third World ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Media ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Holistic Analysis ◽  
Level Analysis

The debate about NGO credibility has become more forceful and flashing in recent years.On one side there are prominent scholars who accredit the NGOs with 'social skill' and potential to make the development more humane and delivering. At the other extreme there are scholars who maintain that NGOs do not qualify the 'distinction of their own claims'. The findings of the investigating agencies in some Third World nations have unearthed the ‘secret agenda’ and unholy alliances of the foreign funded NGOs. Such contentions call for micro level analysis of NGO credibility, particularly, in the context of sustainable development. The present study is a scientific attempt in this direction. The authors have adopted an explorative-cum analytical study design with the tools of content analysis of the 'media portrayals' of the NGOs and field observation for a holistic analysis. The findings of the study underline the need for adoption of innovative technology by the NGOs for refreshing their public legitimacy in the changed socio-economic setting.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY VALUES IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Olena Nevmerzhytska ◽  
Myroslav Pahuta ◽  
Iryna Hamerska ◽  
Svitlana Voloshyn ◽  
Lyudmyla Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Active Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Personal Problem ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Complicated Task

The modern world is extremely diverse. The processes of globalization in it contribute to the disappearance of borders: political, economic, religious, informational, etc. Personality is continuously facing the values of other cultures and other religions. By the way, he or she is not always able to properly evaluate and interpret them, what in its turn leads to the situation of conflict of values. The choice of necessary values becomes a complicated task and it definitely arises the need of pedagogical support of the process of values developing. Therefore, the situation described makes the problem of looking for the best ways of developing the values of the modern individual who lives in the world of values, where the chaos dominates, really topical, and that was the purpose of our research. Our poll conducted among teenagers and adolescents (n=120) proved an orientation towards their own and their family's problems, especially material ones. Instead, the decline in morality is an important social and personal problem for only a quarter of respondents, which makes the necessity to acquaint modern children and young people with higher values even more urgent. Educational institutions are challenged to assist students in the process of values choice in the complex axiological situations existing in the world, which is in the constant process of globalization. The search for ways of developing the values of the modern personality allowed us to identify the specific methods that contribute to the mastering of socially and personally significant values. These include text analysis (artistic, documentary, etc.), biographical methods, crystallization of values, problem solving, and more. These methods imply the active work of the pupil in the selection, mastering and appropriation of values, which will contribute to the formation of a highly moral personality with an active life position. 

scholarly journals INTERACTION OF LANGUAGES IN THE CONTEXT OF TRILINGUAL EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Knol ◽  
Dariya Assanova
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Trilingual Education ◽  
Globalized World

There is no country in the modern world where all citizens speak only one language. Anyone who knows several languages well feels comfortable in a globalized world, a huge information flow is available to him. This expands opportunities in study and work. That is why multilingualism in Kazakhstan was initially considered as a communicative adaptation of citizens. Trilingual education in Kazakhstan is the dictate of the time. The idea of its implementation is connected with the expansion of knowledge and skills, as well as the development of mutual understanding between people, which cannot be achieved without knowledge of languages.

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