scholarly journals Pengaruh Karakter Serta Keprofesionalan Dosen dalam Proses Perkuliahan Guna Menjadikan Mahasiswa yang Cerdas dan Kritis

ScienceEdu ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fahmi Alfarisi

Lectures are attended by students and lecturers as facilitators. The success or failure of the lecture process can be measured by the ability of students, both their intellectual abilities and other abilities. The increase of students 'intellectual ability in their fields other than by doing individual learning such as diligent reading and others, the attitude and professionalism of lecturers who teach them is also very influential on students' intellectual development, such as having a teaching strategy that can give students an incentive to think critically and others. However, even though students have high intelligence, the lecturers who teach are not professional, so the lecture process will not last maximally even though the lecturer is only a facilitator.

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Ermakov

We describe the development of the theoretical thinking in primary school students and its relationship with intellectual ability in gifted children in elementary school (I-IV classes). We analyze the relation of theoretical thinking development to general intellectual abilities in gifted younger students (students of the Moscow school № 1514) and in general secondary school pupils. Based on this study, we obtained an idea of the extent to which the development of the theoretical level of thinking among primary school students may be an indicator of their general intellectual abilities, both present and potential. The author suggests that the result of solving problems in theoretical thought is directly linked with the level of intelligence in gifted students. Diagnostic techniques of theoretical way of thinking can be used to identify elementary school students with a high level of intellectual development and to predict the further development of their intellectual abilities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rini Udayanti ◽  
Istiatin Istiatin ◽  
Bambang Mursito

The research purpose was determined the effect of intellectual ability, discipline, supervision, and motivation on the vocational high school teachers’ professionalism in the Surakarta City. The research type is explanatory research. The research population are teachers of Vocational High School in Surakarta City. Sampling technique was used purposive sampling technique. Technique of data collection was used questionnaires. Data analysis techniques were used statistical analysis including of multiple linear tests, F-test, and t-test. The research results showed that 1) intellectual ability, discipline, supervision, and work motivation are simultaneously have a significant effect on the vocational high school teachers’ professionalism in Surakarta City. 2) Intellectual abilities has significant effect on the vocational high school teachers’ professionalism in Surakarta City. 3) Discipline has a significant effect on vocational high school teachers’ professionalism in the Surakarta city. 4) Work motivation has significant effect on the vocational high school teachers’ professionalism in Surakarta City. 5) Supervision has significant effect on the vocational high school teachers’ professionalism in Surakarta. Keywords: intellectual ability, discipline, supervision, work motivation, professionalism


Comunicar ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (60) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Sastre-Riba ◽  
Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero ◽  
Javier Ortuño-Sierra

The aim of the study was to understand the components associated with the types of perfectionism described as adaptive/healthy, maladaptive/unhealthy or non-perfectionism, which could offer positive or negative aspects to improve excellence and well-being, exploring the number and content of the latent perfectionism structure as a multidimensional construct in a sample of High Intellectual Abilities (HIA) students. Links with Positive and Negative perfectionism were also compared across perfectionism latent profiles. A total of n=137 HIA students, mean age 13.77 years (SD=1.99), participated in a survey. The Almost Perfect Scale Revised (APS-R) and Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale-12 (PNPS-12) were used. Results obtained showed three latent classes (LC): ‘Unhealthy’ (LC1), ‘Healthy’ (LC2) and ‘No perfectionism’ (LC3). LC1 showed high scores on Discrepancy subscales but low in Order and High Standards. LC2 displayed higher scores on High Standards and Order. LC3 displayed low scores across all perfectionism facets. Statistically significant differences were found across latent profiles in almost all perfectionism features. Different patterns of associations with Positive and Negative perfectionism were obtained across latent profiles. These findings address the latent structure of perfectionisms in HIA students and allow us to delimit, analyze, and understand the tentative latent profiles within the HIA arena. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender los componentes asociados a distintos tipos de perfeccionismo descrito como: adaptativo/sano, mal adaptativo/insano o no perfeccionismo que pueden tener efectos positivos o negativos para el logro de la excelencia. Se exploró el número y contenido de las estructuras latentes del perfeccionismo como constructo multidimensional en una muestra de n=137 estudiantes con Altas Capacidades Intelectuales (ACI) con una media de edad de 13,77 años (DT=1,99). La conexión con el perfeccionismo positivo y negativo se analizó sobre la base de los diferentes perfiles de perfeccionismo. Se utilizaron las escalas «Almost Perfect Scale Revised» (APS-R) y la «Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale-12». Los resultados mostraron tres clases latentes de perfeccionismo: «No Sano» (CL1), «Sano» (CL2) y «No Perfeccionista» (CL3). La CL1 mostró puntuaciones más altas en las subescalas de Discrepancia y bajas en Orden y Altos Estándares. La CL2 reveló puntuaciones altas en Altos Estándares y Orden. La CL3 mostró bajas puntuaciones en todos los dominios de perfeccionismo. Las diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas entre las clases latentes en los dominios del perfeccionismo. Asimismo, se encontraron diferentes patrones de asociaciones de las clases latentes con el perfeccionismo Positivo y Negativo. Los resultados encontrados permiten atender a las estructuras latentes de perfeccionismo en estudiantes con ACI, que posibilitan delimitar, analizar y entender posibles perfiles latentes.


2021 ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
S.V. Leonov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Yakushina ◽  
I.S. Polikanova ◽  
V.A. Klimenko ◽  
...  

The main purpose of our study was to examine the connection between the Internet addiction in junior school children and their intellectual development and cultural congruence. The study involved 92 schoolchildren from Moscow aged from 9 to 10 years. Our hypothesis was that intellectual abilities of schoolchildren would be related to their cultural congruence, as well as to their Internet dependent behavior. The following methods were used to test the hypothesis: Raven Progressive Matrices, the children's version of Personality Factor Questionnaire by R. Cattell, Chen Internet Addiction Scale, Methodology of determining the cultural congruence of a junior school child by Bayanova and co-authors. The results demonstrated that schoolchildren with good intellectual abilities are highly likely to demonstrate high rates of cultural congruence. At the same time, the study found no statistically significant differences in intellectual development between children with propensity to Internet addiction and children with any Internet addiction. At the same time, it identified significant features in behavior of children prone to online addiction. The behavior of such children is often manifested in demonstrating violations of the regulatory situation at school, as well as in displaying non-congruent behavior; in particular, such children are more likely to tell lies, do not listen to teachers, are late for classes, skip classes, and fight. Besides, such students are characterized by more pronounced impulsiveness and motor retardation, aggressive assertion of their position, self-confidence, and leadership qualities. The school environment is characterized by normative rules and procedures, so children are not always able to realize their motives and desires openly. Thus, we can conclude that more impulsive and motorized children, who are also characterized by displaying aggressive behaviors, will be more likely to be characterized by a tendency to Internet dependent behaviors, because it allows them to express their desires and intentions, which often cannot be realized in a strictly regulated school environment. In this way, our research has demonstrated that high intellectual abilities of junior school children are significantly related to their cultural congruence. In addition, their propensity for Internet addiction can be a factor contributing to non-congruent behavior among children aged 9–10 years.


2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1659) ◽  
pp. 1161-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merim Bilalić ◽  
Kieran Smallbone ◽  
Peter McLeod ◽  
Fernand Gobet

A popular explanation for the small number of women at the top level of intellectually demanding activities from chess to science appeals to biological differences in the intellectual abilities of men and women. An alternative explanation is that the extreme values in a large sample are likely to be greater than those in a small one. Although the performance of the 100 best German male chess players is better than that of the 100 best German women, we show that 96 per cent of the observed difference would be expected given the much greater number of men who play chess. There is little left for biological or cultural explanations to account for. In science, where there are many more male than female participants, this statistical sampling explanation, rather than differences in intellectual ability, may also be the main reason why women are under-represented at the top end.


Author(s):  
М.С. Попов

В статье рассматриваются актуальные проблемы оптимальности применения современных информационно-компьютерных технологий и технических средств обучения на уроках математики в средней школе с целью развития интеллектуальных способностей школьников. Методы исследования – анализ профильной литературы и обобщение прогрессивного педагогического опыта. В результате проведенного исследования определяются часто встречающиеся проблемы применения информационно-компьютерных технологий, заключающиеся в дистанцировании школьников от непосредственной познавательной активности, снижения способностей к адаптивной интеллектуальной деятельности, развития механичности действий. Авторами доказывается значимость выверенного баланса применяемых традиционных педагогических методов и современных решений; приводятся конкретизированные методические рекомендации, способствующие стимулированию интереса и интеллектуальной активности школьников на уроках математики. Предлагается широко вводить в практику обучения математике такие педагогические средства стимулирования интеллектуальной активности школьников, как разбор неправильных процедурных действий, применение заданий на индуктивную логику, проблематизация заданий, привязка заданий к практике. The article deals with the current problems of optimal application of modern information and computer technologies and technical means of teaching mathematics in high school in order to develop the intellectual abilities of students. The methods of research are analysis of specialized literature and generalization of progressive pedagogical experience. As a result of the conducted research, the frequently encountered problems of using information and computer technologies are identified, which consist in distancing students from direct cognitive activity, reducing the ability to adaptive intellectual activity, and developing mechanical actions. The authors prove the importance of a substantiated balance of traditional pedagogical methods and modern solutions, and provide specific methodological recommendations that help stimulate the interest and intellectual activity of students in mathematics lessons. It is proposed to widely introduce into the practice of teaching mathematics such pedagogical means of stimulating the intellectual activity of school-children as the analysis of incorrect procedural actions, the implementation of tasks for inductive logic, problematization of tasks, linking tasks to practice.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-187
Author(s):  
S.S. Ermakov

The article presents the results of a study of the development of the theoretical foundations of the way of thinking in gifted primary school students and its relationship with intellectual ability. We provide the analysis of connection of theoretical thinking development and general intellectual abilities during studying in primary school in gifted students. We assume that the result of solving problems in theoretical thought is linked with the level of intelligence in gifted children. Based on the results of this study, we obtained an idea of the extent to which theoretical thinking diagnostic techniques can be used to identify gifted students in elementary school. Analysis of the study results also showed that the results obtained by the methods of diagnosis of the theoretical level of thinking can be the basis for the implementation of the indicative forecast of the intellectual abilities of gifted students in the next few years.


Author(s):  
Plokhikh V.V. ◽  
Kadukha O.S.

Purpose. The purpose of the researchis to determine the features of the connection of intellectual abilities with addictive manifestations of passion for listening to music in students. Methods. The subjects were 57 students. In an empirical study, the following methods were used: “The scale of Progressive Matrices” by J. Raven; “Simple analogies”; scale “Sports and music fanaticism” from the method “Tendency to dependent behavior” by V.D. Mendelevich. Passion for listening to music was determined using a research questionnaire. We performed statistical analysis of empirical data using correlation analysis (according to Spearman), the Mann-Whitney criterion u, and the Fisher criterion φ*. Results. Analysis of the results according to the method of V.D. Mendelevich allowed us to identify a problem subgroup with an increased predisposition and a high probability of musical dependence in the group of subjects (22 people). We have found that for the studied group, the highest problems are: the frequency of listening to music at leisure (U = 235,5; p = 0,022); desired expressiveness of the musical rhythm (U = 271,5; p = 0,039); frequency of loss of time perception when listening (U = 237,0; p = 0,012); frequency of listening to works in the rock styles (φ* = 1,73; p = 0,042) and hip-hop (φ* = 1,8; p = 0,036). Manifestations of musical addiction correlate with: the use of music to raise the mood (r = 0,289; p = 0,029); the desired sound volume (r = 0,258; p = 0,053); the frequency of “immersion in yourself” when listening (r = 0,350; p = 0,008). The feedback of musical addiction with indicators of intellectual development in Series A (r = −0,280; p = 0,035) and C (r = −0,370; p = 0,005) methods of J. Raven. We have determined that the use of music for intellectual concentration correlates with the overall indicator of problem-solving, according to J. Raven (r = 0,260; p < 0,051) and with the effectiveness of searching for simple analogies (r = 0,303; p < 0,022). Conclusions. The severity of addictive manifestations among studied students about listening to music is directly related to a decrease in the effectiveness of intellectual functions. Those functions aim at determining the relationships and principles of development of the analyzed structural organization. Music contributes to students’ concentration in intellectual activities, but excessive listening to music for mental concentration contributes to the loss of a person’s sense of reality and conscious control over actions when immersed in a flowing state.Key words: thinking, memory, semantic processing of information, musical style, state of consciousness, passion for listening to music. Мета дослідження – визначення особливостей зв’язку інтелектуальних здібностей з адиктивними проявами щодо захопленості прослуховуванням музики у студентів. Методи. Досліджуваними виступили 57 студентів. В емпіричному дослідженні були використані такі методики: «Шкала прогресивних матриць» Дж. Равена; «Прості аналогії»; шкала «Спортивний та музичний фанатизм» із методики «Схильність до залежної поведінки» В.Д. Менделевича. Захопленість прослуховуванням музики визначалася за допомогою дослідницької анкети. Статистичний аналіз емпіричних даних проводився з використанням кореляційного аналізу (за Спірменом), критерію U Манна – Уітні, критерію φ* Фішера. Результати. Аналіз результатів за методикою В.Д. Менделевича дозволив виокремити у групі досліджуваних проблемну підгрупу з підвищеною схильністю та високою ймовірністю музичної залежності (22 особи). Встановлено, що для досліджуваних проблемної групи вище значення показників: частота прослуховування музики на дозвіллі (U = 235,5; p = 0,022); бажана виразність музичного ритму (U = 271,5; p = 0, 039); частота втрати відчуття плину часу у процесі прослуховування (U = 237,0; p = 0,012); частота прослуховування творів у стилях рок (φ* = 1,73; p = 0,042) і хіп-хоп (φ* = 1,8; p = 0,036). Прояви музичної адикції корелюють із: використанням музики для підняття настрою (r = 0,289; p = 0,029); бажаною гучністю звучання (r = 0,258; p = 0,053); частотою «занурення в себе» під час прослуховування (r = 0,350; p = 0,008). Встановлено зворотний зв’язок музичної адикції з показниками інтелектуального розвитку в серіях А (r = −0,280; p = 0,035) та С (r = −0,370; p = 0,005) методики Дж. Равена. Визначено, що використання музики для інтелектуальної зосере-дженості корелює із загальним показником вирішення завдань за Дж. Равеном (r = 0,260; p < 0,051) та з результативністю пошуку простих аналогій (r = 0,303; p < 0,022). Висновки. Виразність адиктивних проявів у студентів-досліджуваних щодо прослуховування музики прямо пов’язана зі зниженням ефективності інтелектуальних функцій, спрямованих на визначення взаємозв’язків та принципів розбудови аналізованої структурної організації. Музика сприяє зосередженості студентів в інтелектуальній діяльності, але надмірне прослуховування музики для розумової зосередженості сприяє втраті особою відчуття реальності та свідомого контролю над діями під час занурення в потоковий стан.Ключові слова: мислення, пам’ять, смислова переробка інформації, музичний стиль, стан свідомості, захопленість прослуховуванням музики


Author(s):  
Maxim V. Starcev ◽  
Vladimir V. Khlebnikov ◽  
Magomed A. Dzhabrailov

We consider the issues on the causes of the decline in the intellectual abilities of modern youth. We describe the correlation of this phenomenon with the wide-spreading and starting from an early age use of various kinds of digital devices. We briefly note the origin history of the term “digital dementia” and the author's position regarding this term perception. We describe a number of factors that contribute to the decline in the intellectual development of young people, including: a decrease in the quality of secondary education, deterioration of preschool training of children, simplification of animation and film production, reduction of communication time between parents and children, lack of funds for parents to organize high-quality regular leisure time for children. Negative effects on the intellectual abilities of a young person are described: digital devices can form only a fragmentary idea of reality, without forming a complete idea of a real object; a full-fledged experience of social interaction is not acquired; memory deterioration occurs; there is an appearance of mental dependence on digital devices. Examples from the author's pedagogical practice are given, confirming the manifestation of the effects of “digital dementia” among students: memory impairment in students, undeveloped critical thinking, poorly developed speech (terminologically poor, inconsistent, unsubstantiated), demonstration of misunderstanding of the meaning of the heard or read text.


Author(s):  
Carolyn B. Mervis ◽  
Doris J. Kistler ◽  
Angela E. John ◽  
Colleen A. Morris

Abstract Multilevel modeling was used to address the longitudinal stability of standard scores (SSs) measuring intellectual ability for children with Williams syndrome (WS). Participants were 40 children with genetically confirmed WS who completed the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test—Second Edition (KBIT-2; A. S. Kaufman & N. L. Kaufman, 2004) 4–7 times over a mean of 5.06 years. Mean age at first assessment was 7.44 years (range  =  4.00–13.97 years). On average, KBIT-2 Composite IQ, Verbal SS, and Nonverbal SS were stable from 4 to 17 years, although there were significant individual differences in intercept (Composite IQ, Verbal SS, Nonverbal SS) and slope (Composite IQ, Nonverbal SS). Maternal education was significantly related to Verbal SS intercept. No significant sex differences were found. Implications for studies of genotype/phenotype correlations in WS are discussed.


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