scholarly journals RESEARCH PARADIGM OF SOVIET EXISTENCE: SOCIAL-CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 225-233
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Dobretsova ◽  
◽  
Vladislava M. Kuimova ◽  
Varvara A. Tirakhova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Existence Problem ◽  
Research Paradigm ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Soviet Culture ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Individual Aspect

The article considers new aspects in researching the soviet culture transformations. It has been become a point at issue of a seminar-debate on the topic «Soviet existence on the threshold of conformation of totalitarian and authoritarian frameworks» (May, 2020). It was organized on the grant project of Russian Science Foundation № 20-68-46013 «Philosophic-anthropological analysis of soviet existence. Suppositions, dynamics, influence over modernity». The analysis of seminar-debate items, feedback of outstanding researches and students, invited to debate, spots that soviet existence is defined as being a difficult unhomogeneous integrative phenomenon. Its research is important and significant in contemporary and exploratory scope. The content of seminar shows that an essential researching tendency becomes a consideration of the soviet culture in the aspect of mythologization. The soviet reality is noticeable as myths and the soviet way of life is noticeable as mythologemas. In the direction of the declared cultural tradition, mythological figures (primal forefathers, heroes, enemies, rulers) of the soviet culture are indicated and defined. They correspond to realistic historical persons. It is noted the main tendencies of the soviet mythological system creation, founded on traditional cultural concepts, transformed in tune with ideological principles. Consequently, the participants of seminar enunciate straight and suppose implicitly varied contacts between pre-soviet and soviet existence, apparent in a philosophical thought and in an artwork. In this context it is noted next dimensions of the soviet existence problem: beginnings of the soviet existence and its organization, chronotopos of the soviet existence, chemistry between a person and power. An individual aspect in researching the soviet existence becomes the problem of creative person’s presence. This aspect was interesting not only for the participants of the seminar but students invited to debate.

Rain or Shine Shield: Language and Ropes of Sadok Making

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loyalda T. Bolivar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Materials Used

A sadok or salakot is a farmer’s cherished possession, protecting him from the sun or rain. The Sadok, persisting up to the present, has many uses. The study of Sadok making was pursued to highlight an important product, as a cultural tradition in the community as craft, art, and part of indigenous knowledge in central Antique in the Philippines. Despite that this valuable economic activity needs sustainability, it is given little importance if not neglected, and seems to be a dying economic activity. The qualitative study uses ethnophenomenological approaches to gather data using interviews and participant observation, which aims to describe the importance of Sadok making. It describes how the makers learned the language of Sadok making, especially terms related to materials and processes. The study revealed that the makers of Sadok learned the language from their ancestors. They have lived with them and interacted with them since they were young. Sadok making is a way of life and the people observe their parents work and assist in the work which allows them to learn Sadok making. They were exposed to this process through observations and hands-on activities or ‘on-the-job’ informal training. They were adept with the terms related to the materials and processes involved in the making of Sadok as they heard these terms from them. They learned the terms bamboo, rattan, tabun-ak (leaves used) and nito (those creeping vines) as materials used in Sadok making. The informants revealed that the processes involved in the making of Sadok are long and tedious, starting from the soaking, curing and drying of the bamboo, cleaning and cutting these bamboo into desired pieces, then with the intricacies in arranging the tabun-ak or the leaves, and the weaving part, until the leaves are arranged, up to the last phase of decorating the already made Sadok. In summary, socialization is one important factor in learning the language and a cultural practice such as Sadok making. It is an important aspect of indigenous knowledge that must be communicated to the young for it to become a sustainable economic activity, which could impact on the economy of the locality. Local government units should give attention to this indigenous livelihood. Studies that would help in the enhancement of the products can likewise be given emphasis.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE NATURE AND DIRECTION OF THE CULTURAL-HISTORICAL MOVEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2(71)) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Cholpon Bazarbekovna Alisherova
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Soviet Culture ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Philosophy Of Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Rhythm ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Historical Movement

This article highlights the solution to the problem of the nature and direction of the cultural and historical movement. Different options, concepts are considered. The cultural concepts of Schiller, Herder and others are fected. View on the logic of the development of the cultural and historical process of representation of Soviet culture are revealed in detail. The types of evolutionary concepts of culture, such as single-line volition, are a consideration of the history of culture as the sequential development of various systems (religion, morals, economy e.t.c.) with the identification of general stages in it (E.Taylor, J.Fraser, L. Levy-Bruhl). The second type of evolutionary understanding of the logic of cultural-historical dynamics is the theory of universal evolution. Its essence is to recognize the identity of the development of various ethnic cultures, the denzal of the general stages and the general scheme of movement, but the purpose and meaning, of it is understood by its supporters differently Supporters of this theory are N.Ya Danilevsky, A.Toynbee, V.Solovyov, K. Jaspers, B. Malinvsky and others. Their concepts include the idea of the cultural evolution of mankind, going in different ways to some unity, the idea of polyphonic world culture and recognition the equivalence of all its components. The third type of evolutionary doctrine of culture is theories of multilinear evolution. The views of the representatives of this theory (R.Benedict, M. Herskovitz etc.) affirm the polymerization of the sociocultural space, the intrinsic value of different types and models of culture. Thus, the article gives the basic concepts that offer original solutions to one of the important problems in the philosophy of culture the problems of the logic of the cultural-historical movement. Now, in a period of rapid social rhythm of the development of production and non-production activities, the forecasting of changes in space is becoming especially important/ Taking into account the numerous technical and social consequences of the scientific and technological revolution put forward requirements related to spatial forecasting

scholarly journals Conceptual Localization of Yuri Stepanov’s Semiotic Theory in Chinese Linguistics

2019 ◽  
pp. 1965-1980
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Main Tool ◽  
Research Paradigm ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Prospects Of Application ◽  
Semiotic Theory ◽  
Chinese Linguistics

In the article the author makes an attempt to localize the semiotic theory of Yuri Stepanov into the Chinese humanitarian scientific tradition, in which signs are considered as the main tool for the transmission of cultural concepts. Semiotics as an independent field became the subject of study of the Chinese linguists in the late 80ies of the last century, during the beginning of the policy of reform and openness. Chinese researchers in their papers refer to the significant works of outstanding representatives of the Russian semiotic school, namely, the works of M. Bakhtin, R. Jacobson and Y. Lotman. However, in the Chinese linguistics, according to the author, the theory of evolutionary-semiotic series of cultural concepts developed by Yuri Stepanov is insufficiently presented today. It has broad prospects of application to the Chinese semiotic space and interpretation of its cultural signs and codes. The present publication is intended to fill the existing gap in the research paradigm of the analysis of cultural layers in the structure of Chinese concepts

scholarly journals Local Wisdom in Minangkabau Cultural Tradition of Randai

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lailan Hadijah
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Traditional Philosophy ◽  
Youth Activities ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Performing Art ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research intends to describe local wisdom in cultural tradition of randai as a tradition of performing art in customary activities such as the coronation ceremony and inheritance of customary titles, akikah, batagakpanghulu, circumcision, marriage, until the main events of various youth activities and other tradition. The paper employs qualitative descriptive method which is based on the empirical observation and grounded study as the strategy of inquiry. The findings of research are the existence of local wisdom of Minangkabau culture in randai such as: a) sambah silek as a reflection of traditional philosophy of basandi syarak-syarak basandi of the Kitabullah; b) carito kato in randai as a reflection of philosophy for kato nan ampek that has advice; c) Minangkabau language in randai as a reflection of self-identity; d) philosophy of alama takambang jadi guru as a way of life that has moral value; e) the silek randai movement as a reflection of the identity of the anak nagari that has solidarity, and f) bakaba in randai as a social identity.

scholarly journals The private life of soviet person in museum expositions of Ivanovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (121) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Dobretsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Soviet Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Culture Development

The article is devoted to private life of soviet person on an example of museums exposition of Ivanovo – the Museum of first Soviet. The author takes note that, on the one hand, an everyday culture of soviet epoch is lost, but, on the other hand, this culture has a big popularity not only in the science sphere but also in the sphere of mass culture. It accents an actuality of its researching. The exposition representing in the museum of first soviet has unicity. A museum space dedicated to a historical event shows to visitors a contrast interior of manufacturer and his worker. It illustrates that revolution as a strong move in a social and cultural life of society was inevitable. Among mass of everyday culture of soviet epoch museums the Ivanovo museum offers visitors not only demonstration of periods of soviet culture development but also representative reflection of soviet way of life and person evolution. From a person of bedsit, which even his room doesn`t become private space and full of ideological mottoes, to the person with individual set of interests, tastes and desires. This new type of person tries to bring to life his interests, tastes and desires into his new flat interior making it cozier, positive representing social changes. The museum space has synthetism as far as it repels not only historical context and social changes but also way of life details. The author puts museum exposition as an attempt of presenting macro history by way of micro history of private life of soviet person.

The Aquatic Civilization of Middle Africa

1974 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. G. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
East African ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Kenya Rift ◽  
African Rift

Between the ninth and third millennia B.C. wetter conditions prevailed over most of Africa. Lakes and rivers were fuller and some of the internal basins were temporarily linked, especially in the ‘Middle African’ belt. This comprises the southern Sahara and Sahel, stretching from the Upper Niger to the Middle Nile, with a south-easterly extension into the Upper Nile basin and the East African rift valleys. This situation was exploited by people who developed a decidedly aquatic economy and culture. From their waterside camps and settlements archaeologists have recovered bones of fish and aquatic animals which these people ate, as well as the distinctive harpoon-heads carved from bone with which they obtained them, and also pottery, bearing peculiar decoration executed with fish-bones and water-shells, made in imitation of (fishing-) baskets. Boating and other cultural developments are deducible. The harpoons date back to 7,000 b.c. at least; the pottery dates back to more than 6,000 b.c. and was clearly an African invention. It reflects important developments in gastronomy and home life.In the Kenya rift valley the main stage of Leakey's ‘Kenya Capsian’ culture is essentially the local manifestation of this far-flung ‘aquatic civilization’.Its greatest extent was achieved during the wettest times of the seventh millennium b.c., and probably involved the expansion of Negroid peoples across this continent-wide savanna belt. Also explained perhaps is the extensive, though now fragmented, distribution of languages which Greenberg combines in his ‘Nilo-Saharan’ super-family. It is suspected that aspects of this ancient aquatic way of life may be maintained or reflected by latter-day isolated or ‘unclean’ lake or swamp communities. This subject has been largely neglected by African culture-historians.Drier conditions in the late sixth and fifth millennia b.c. signalled a decline of this aquatic civilization and, in particular, broke its geographical continuity. Nevertheless, there was a qualified revival in many parts in the fourth and third millennia. In the Kenya rift this later phase seems to equate with the first stage of the ‘stone bowl cultures’. Around Lake Victoria a devolved relic survived until the eve of Bantu expansion about two thousand years ago. Other late or modified examples are known on the Nile and in the western Sudan. Generally, however, the viability and prestige of an aquatic way of life were undermined by the second millennium b.c. In the Sahara and Sahel as well as in the northerly parts of eastern Africa this decline was paralleled by the spread of pastoralism as a new basis of subsistence and prestige. Those who introduced cattle to Kenya from Ethiopia were Cushitic-speakers maintaining, significantly, a fish-taboo.This subject should prove of considerable historiographical interest. The aquatic way of life flourished through Middle Africa at the very time when grain-agriculture and stock-raising were being pioneered in the Near East; and the slow spread of agriculture in Africa, sometimes considered an indication of ‘backwardness’, may be partly explicable by the very success of the aquatic life and of its distinct cultural tradition which was ascendant for a while across the widest part of the continent.

scholarly journals The origin of the aesthetic elements in traditional forms of Far-eastern martial arts

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Far East ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Performance Arts ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Far Eastern

In light of the fact that Far-eastern martial arts have to be viewed as an inseparable part of the cultural traditions of China and Japan, their aesthetic character is tied to traditional cultural concepts which dominate these cultures, such as the concept of the unity of opposites, better known as yin and yang; the concept of the Road (the Tao) as a symbol of continuing self-improvement; the concept of Chi or Qui energy which permeates the cosmos as well as individual beings, etc. These concepts owe their existence and development first and foremost to the religious and philosophical systems which shaped and influenced all segments of these two great cultures, and not just the martial tradition. On the other hand, performance arts weren’t spared this same influence. Performance arts and martial arts of the Far East had an intertwined history and strongly influenced each other. The aim of this paper will be to give an outline of the basic concepts connected to the aesthetics of the martial arts of China and Japan and point out the similar roots in other segments of cultural tradition.

scholarly journals Philosophy, revelation and politics: The recovery of medieval Islamic political philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Funda Günsoy
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Modern Philosophy ◽  
Leo Strauss ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Radical Enlightenment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Order ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ancient Political Philosophy

In contemporary philosophical thought, Leo Strauss is associated with the rediscovery of ancient political philosophy against modern political philosophy. The rediscovery of ancient political philosophy is the rediscovery of classical rationalism or “moderate Enlightenment” against modern rationalism or “radical Enlightenment” and can be understood as recapturing the “the question of man’s right life” and “the question of the right order of society”. This article would like to show that it was his study of medieval Islamic and Jewish texts that enabled Strauss to rediscover the classical rationalism. Also, in this article we would like to argue that although the opposition between Athens and Jerusalem, Reason and Revelation embodies two irreconcilable alternatives or a way of life in his thought, this opposition should be only examined with references to claims about radical rationalism of modern philosophy. In this case, we would like to argue that there can be seen a commonality between these “opponents”, i.e., Athens and Jerusalem, Reason and Revelation in terms of both their attitudes towards morality and their approaches to the relationship between philosophy and society.

scholarly journals Linguistic personality in culture: research areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Rtishcheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Statics And Dynamics ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article deals with the definition of linguistic personality in the context of the relationship between language and culture. Language as a cultural phenomenon in determining the linguistic personality is considered in the works of J. L. Weisgerber. Speaking about language as a cultural value, the researcher evaluates the possibility for understanding it as an internal content of culture. Moreover, the author considers the linguistic personality within the context of the internal features of culture, taking into account the existential characteristics of language in its statics and dynamics. In Russian science, the first mention of the linguistic personality is found in V. V. Vinogradov’s works. In his interpretation the linguistic personality acts as an integrative formation including two sides, the collective (social) and individual. An important aspect of V. V. Vinogradov's linguistic personality reconstruction is the fact that the author focuses on the speech structure, which demonstrates real understanding of a language with regard to its functional characteristics, which overcome the closed existence in the system of set rules. Modern Russian linguistic and cultural concepts present more detailed study of linguistic personality practices in the context of culture. For example, V. I. Karasik considers the linguistic personality from the point of view of linguistic conceptology, focusing on integrative understanding of a language in its semantic and value aspects,on the one hand, and in its practical and functional aspects, on the other. Y. N. Karaulov tries to integrate the polarity of the linguistic personality with the levels of its organization, taking into account invariant and variable characteristics. The author notes that the linguistic personality can be characterized from the position of language consciousness and speech behavior. However, the focus of its study in the context of culture reveals certain aspects of human nature and life connected to the implementation of cultural forms, in which the existential foundations of human life are realised, reflecting its spiritual content.

scholarly journals Contemporary problems of missionary work among the Samoyedic peoples

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Olga L. Tserpitskaya ◽  
◽  
priest Daniil Iakovov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Church ◽  
Nutritional Element

The article examines one of the most important traditions of the Samoyedic peoples, which complicates the mission of the Russian Orthodox Church — the consumption of fresh blood of a young deer. This tradition refers to the practice of sacrifice, so it cannot be fully accepted by the Church as there is a canonical prohibition against consuming blood. As a result, a problem arises that hinders a successful mission among the Samoyedic peoples and impedes the growth of the Church. Despite the ban, there is also a modern medical assessment on the use of animal blood by humans, according to which a certain benefit of blood as a nutritional element is recognized. The state, in turn, is interested in maintaining the traditional way of life of the Nenets. It can be stated that the ban penetrated into new Testament Christianity under the influence of Judeo-Christians. The purpose of this article is to examine the effectiveness of missionary activity among the Samoyed peoples and to identify the possibility of missionary reception in light of the cultural tradition. The authors propose a new strategy for missionary work among the Samoyed people, which will be feasible if the Council of Bishops will consider relaxing the canonical prohibitions for the Samoyeds.

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