Oral health in patients with cystic fibrosis

The oral health in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is not well studied. Aim: In this context, we describe the frequency of dental problems and performed the description of plaque index and gingival index in patients with CF. Methods: We performed a descriptive study about oral health enrolling 94 patients with CF. Results: The CF diagnosis was done considering the sweat test with chloride values ≥ 60 mmol/L. The permanent dentition was predominant in 57/94 (60.64%) patients with CF – 28/57 (49.12%) caries, 57/57 (100%) filled teeth and 1/57 (1.75%) missing tooth. Deciduous teeth occurred in 37/94 (39.36%) patients with CF – 22/37 (59.46%) carious, 29/37 (78.38%) exfoliated teeth, 20/37 (54.05%) filled teeth. Also, the plaque index and gingival index had scored less than one in many cases (≥ 50% of the cases). Conclusions: Patients with CF showed oral health problems with prevalence comparable to that of the normal population and low values in the plaque index and gingival index.

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Asthma and periodontal health in children

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp170221063d ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (12) ◽

pp. 1202-1208

Author(s):

Bojana Davidovic ◽

Mirjana Ivanovic ◽

Dejan Bokonjic ◽

Svjetlana Jankovic ◽

Jelena Eric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Mean Values ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Children With Asthma

Background/Aim. Oral health is an important part of overall health. Good oral health is important for oral diseases prevention and health maintenance of respiratory system. The aim of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal health parameters of asthmatic children and to compare them with children without asthma as well as to evaluate those parameters according to type of used medications and time of taking medications in children with asthma. Methods. This epidemiological study included 68 children with asthma and 68 children without asthma or any other chronic disease aged from 6 to 16 years. Parameters used in this study were Greene-Vermillion index, L?e-Silness gingival index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Results. Good oral hygiene (31.1%) was more present in children without asthma whereas poor hygiene (20.0%) was more frequent in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Healthy gingiva was more frequent in children without asthma (25%) while mild (58.8%) and moderate gingival inflammation (5.9%) were more frequent in the group of children with asthma (p < 0.01). Mean CPI values were higher in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Mean values of Plaque Index, Gingival Index and CPI did not show statistically significant difference in relation to type of administered medication. However, taking medications in the afternoon was related to higher mean values of Plaque Index and Gingival Index (p < 0.05) within the group of children with asthma. Conclusion. Children with asthma had poorer oral hygiene and were diagnosed with greater values of oral hygiene and periodontal indices compared with the group of children without asthma. For this reason, it is necessary to promote oral health and establish good oral hygiene habits in asthmatic children.

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Association of Personality Traits with Oral Health Status: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0402.167 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Sneha Meshram ◽

Dr. Deepti Gattani ◽

Dr. Akhilesh Shewale ◽

Dr. Swapneel Bodele

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Index Score ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽

Gingival Index ◽

The Impact

Background-Gingivitis is inflammation of gingival. The most common cause of gingivitis is poor oral hygiene. Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character. The oral health of the people may be affected by different personality characters. .The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the personality traits on oral hygiene performance and gingival health in dental OPD patients. Objectives-To assess the relationship between different personality traits with oral hygiene index score, gingival index score, plaque index score, oral hygiene practice, other habits, dental visits, income groups, education. Materials and Methods- In total 620 subjects of Department of Periodontlogy from Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti dental College and Hospital, Nagpur India were selected for the study. The personality characters were assessed by using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised Short-form (EPQRS). Based on this questionnaire, the subjects were divided in to three subgroups Extroversion, Neuroticism and Psychoticism. Result-It was found that Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Plaque Index Gingival Index was more in person with neuroticism type of personality. Conclusion -The findings of the present study suggested that there exist no co relation between various personality traits and associated oral health status. However further trials should be conducted in future to validate the present findings.

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The effect of different mouth washes and text messages reminder in the oral health of orthodontic patients

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8658189 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. e208189

Author(s):

Saba N. Yaseen ◽

Aisha A. Qasim ◽

Ali R. Al-Khatib

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Sodium Fluoride ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Text Messages ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Orthodontic Patients

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different mouth washes and to study the effect of text message reminder on the oral health status of orthodontic patients treated with fixed appliances. Methods: This study was a clinical trial with pre-test and post-test control group design, conducted on 24 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment aged 15-30 years. The patients randomly divided into two groups; one received a weekly telephone text massage reminder for the instructions of brushing and rinsing while the second group did not receive any messages. Ortho-plaque index and gingival index were used to evaluate the patient’s oral hygiene status. The reading indices after brushing only were regarded as a control, then the patients were instructed to use two mouth washes, one containing sodium fluoride with cetylpyridinium chloride, the second containing chlorhexidine digluconate with cetylpyridinium chloride and Aloe Vera. Each one was used routinely for 4 weeks with the same amount and method. The washout period between the two types mouth washes was 4 weeks with a standardized toothbrush and paste. Results: Ortho-plaque index values decreased over the time between first, second and third visits. However, this index raised up at the fourth visit and again dropdown at the fifth visit. Similar results were detected for gingival index. Also, significant interaction between messages and the assessments was recorded for gingival index with a significant difference between the group of text messages and without text messages group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the combination of sodium fluoride with cetylpyridinium chloride was more potent for plaque control, while chlorhexidine digluconate with cetylpyridinium chloride and Aloe Vera combination showed a better gingival improvement. Moreover, the text messages reminder could enhance, but not replace direct oral hygiene instruction in orthodontic patients.

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Evaluation of the Effect of Oral Hygiene Instructions on Maintenance of Gingival Health

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1379 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 123-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sangeeta U Nayak ◽

Swati Pralhad

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Adult Population ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Gingival Health ◽

The Individual ◽

Oral Hygiene Instructions

ABSTRACT Aim Tooth brushing is the most widespread means of controlling plaque at home. Research on instruction techniques for promotion of oral health abilities plays an important role in the prevention of periodontal diseases. Thus the aim of the present study was to compare the effect of written and oral individualized instructions of oral hygiene on gingivitis in an adult population. Materials and methods Sixty participants above the age of 18 years were included in the study. They were randomly allocated into one of the three groups: Oral instructions, written instructions, and oral individualized instructions. For all the participants, plaque and gingival indices were recorded using periodontal probe with Williams's markings and a mouth mirror, at baseline, at the end of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd week. Results Plaque and gingival index scores reduced in all the groups. However, it was seen that plaque index significantly reduced in the group receiving individualized instructions. Conclusion In view of the results of the present study, it can be implied that oral hygiene instructions should be provided, and they should be tailormade for each individual that would help correct the individual deficits in the learners. How to cite this article Nayak SU, Pralhad S. Evaluation of the Effect of Oral Hygiene Instructions on Maintenance of Gingival Health. World J Dent 2016;7(3):123-125.

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Oral Home Care and the Reasons for Seeking Dental Care by Individuals on Renal Dialysis

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-3-2-31 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 31-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Farhad Atassi

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Home Care ◽

Dental Care ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Renal Dialysis ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Oral Health Promotion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Care Practices

Abstract A cross-sectional study of 90 patients on renal dialysis was conducted to assess oral home care practices and the reasons for seeking dental care among these patients. Participants were divided into three groups based on the time they have been on renal dialysis. The groups were: (1) dialysis for less than one year, (2) dialysis for 1 to 3 years, and (3) dialysis for more than 3 years. Information regarding oral home care such as frequency of brushing, oral hygiene aids, and reasons for seeking dental care was obtained through a personal interview with the patients. Their oral health status was assessed using a plaque index and a gingival index. The means of plaque index were 1.716 (S.D 0.64), 2.161 (S.D 0.36), and 2.255 (S.D 0.42) respectively for the groups. The means of gingival index were 1.4278 (S.D 0.67), 1.9667 (S.D 0.38), and 2.0556 (S.D 0.35) for the three groups respectively. Tukey's post hoc test showed significant difference in both the indices between first and second groups and between the first and third groups, no significant difference was found between the second and third groups. The results indicate that oral home care practices were inadequate due to the presence of an unacceptable level of oral hygiene among the patients. Miswak (a wooden, Salvadora persica, chewing stick that is popular in the middle east to mechanically clean the teeth) has been found to be popular among the subjects. The primary purpose of dental clinic visits was for treatment of a dental problem rather than for the prevention of dental disease. There is a need for oral health promotion and especially prevention programs among the patients on renal dialysis. Citation Atassi F. Oral Home Care and the Reasons for Seeking Dental Care by Individuals on Renal Dialysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 May;(3)2: 031-041.

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Effectiveness of Different Educational Methods on Oral Health in 7-13-year-old Visually Impaired Children in Tehran: A Randomized Trial

Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics ◽

10.5812/compreped.112406 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Sheida Masoumi ◽

Nahid Askarizadeh ◽

Mahmoud Ghasemi

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Health Education ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Visually Impaired ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Educational Methods ◽

Oral Health Education ◽

Impaired Children ◽

Visually Impaired Children

Background: Conventional oral health education is not suitable for visually impaired children. Objectives: Considering the importance of oral health, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different educational methods on oral hygiene status. Methods: Following a clinical trial design, 88 visually impaired children, aged 7 to 13 years, living in Tehran were recruited and randomly allocated to four groups of verbal-tactile, verbal-braille, multisensory, and control. Initially, all children were well informed about the importance of oral hygiene; then, the baseline levels of plaque score and gingivitis were recorded by Silness & Loe plaque index and Loe & Silness gingival index, respectively. Experimental groups received oral health education through different methods. The instructions were repeated after one month, and plaque and gingival indices were reevaluated after two months. Data analysis was administered by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and posthoc tests using SPSS 20.0. Results: After receiving the intervention, all groups showed a decrease in plaque and gingival indices, with the most reduction in the multisensory group (with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.0001) between multisensory & control for both plaque & gingival indices). The least change was observed in the verbal-braille group compared to the control (for plaque index and gingival index after two months (P = 0.04) and (P = 0.17), respectively). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the multisensory method (verbal-tactile-braille) is the best option to educate visually impaired children, with significantly more acceptable results.

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Comparative Effectiveness of a Commercial Mouthwash and an Herbal Infusion in Oral Health Care

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11073008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 3008

Author(s):

Gabriela Ciavoi ◽

Luciana Dobjanschi ◽

Tunde Jurca ◽

Gyongyi Osser ◽

Ioana Scrobota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Dental Plaque ◽

Comparative Effectiveness ◽

Plaque Formation ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Gingival Inflammation

Mouthrinse solutions represent a group of products used for maintaining oral hygiene after tooth brushing. Substances contained by plants bring benefits for the whole mouth health. The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of a commercial mouthwash and of an herbal infusion on dental plaque formation and gingival inflammation. The participants in the study (90 patients) were divided into two groups, the CM group, which rinsed with a commercial fluoride-containing mouthwash and the IM group, which used an herbal infusion. The Silness–Loe plaque index (PI) and the Loe–Silness gingival index (GI) were assessed at baseline and in three following monitoring sessions. Both mouthwashes used had good results in reducing plaque index and gingival index values. In all monitoring sessions, the average PI value calculated in the CM group was relatively lower than in the IM group, probably because of the fluoride contained in the commercial mouthwash. The average GI value calculated in the CM group was slightly higher in showing gingival inflammation than that of the IM group, therefore the IM group had a better average result than the CM group in GI value. Herbal mouthwashes are adequate to induce proper oral prevention through the preservation of good oral health.

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Cystic fibrosis in disguise – the wolf in sheep’s clothing, a case report

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02636-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Friederike Wilbert ◽

Sarah C. Grünert ◽

Andrea Heinzmann ◽

Sebastian F. N. Bode

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Chloride Concentration ◽

Failure To Thrive ◽

Sweat Test ◽

Upper Airways ◽

Inborn Errors ◽

Hepatic Involvement ◽

Number Of Patients

Abstract Background Childhood hypoglycemia in combination with hepatomegaly is suspicious for inborn errors of metabolism. Cystic fibrosis typically presents with failure to thrive, pulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms. Hepatic involvement and hypoglycemia can occur in a significant number of patients, although hepatomegaly is uncommon. Case presentation A 28 months old boy was presented with recurrent upper airways infections, progressive lethargy and weight loss. Clinically hepatomegaly was the main presenting feature and hypoglycemia (minimum 1.4 mmol/l) was noted as were elevated transaminases. The patient did not produce enough sweat to analyze it. Infectious causes for hepatitis were excluded and a broad metabolic work-up initiated. A therapy with starch was initiated to control hypoglycemia. In further course loose stools were reported and pancreatic elastase was found to be reduced. A further sweat test yielded pathological chloride concentration and genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Conclusions Cystic fibrosis is a systemic disease and less common presentations need to be considered. Even in the age of CF-newborn screening in many countries CF needs to be ruled out in typical and atypical clinical presentations and diagnostics need to be repeated if inconclusive.

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Evaluation of Effectiveness of a Toothpaste Containing Tea Tree Oil and Ethanolic Extract of Propolis on the Improvement of Oral Health in Patients Using Removable Partial Dentures

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26134071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 4071

Author(s):

Karolina Wiatrak ◽

Tadeusz Morawiec ◽

Rafał Rój ◽

Patryk Kownacki ◽

Aleksandra Nitecka-Buchta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Study Group ◽

Tea Tree Oil ◽

Tea Tree ◽

Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of toothpaste containing natural tea tree essential oil (TTO) and ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), on microflora and selected indicators of oral health in patients using removable acrylic partial dentures. Fifty patients with varying conditions of hygiene were divided into two groups. The study group received the toothpaste with TTO and EEP, while the control group received the same toothpaste but without TTO and EEP. At the first visit, oral hygiene and hygiene of the prostheses were carried out. Control visits took place 7 and 28 days later and compared to baseline. Indexes like API (Approximal Plaque Index), mSBI (modified Sulcus Bleeding Index), OHI-s (simplified Oral Hygiene Index), and DPI (Denture Plaque Index) were assessed in three subsequent stages, and swabs were collected from floor of the mouth area to assess the microbiota. After 7 and 28 days of using the toothpaste with TTO and EEP, a statistically significant decrease of the examined indicator values were observed in the study group as compared to the values upon the initial visit. The number of isolated strains of microorganisms in the study group was decreased or maintained at the same level, whereas in the control group an increase in the number of isolated strains was observed. The observed stabilization of oral microbiota in patients from the study group confirms the beneficial activity of toothpaste containing EEP and TTO compared to the control group.

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Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01643-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Iqra Muhammad Khan ◽

Shani Ann Mani ◽

Jennifer Geraldine Doss ◽

Mahmoud Danaee ◽

Lydia Yi Li Kong

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Parental Involvement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Parental Supervision ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Plaque Score

Abstract Background Toothbrushing is an important yet neglected behaviour that affects the oral health of preschool children. Little is reported on parental supervision, an essential aspect of routine effective toothbrushing in this age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-schoolers’ toothbrushing behaviour including parental involvement and its association with their oral health. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 92 preschool children (4–6 years) were invited to participate with their parents/guardians. Nine parameters of toothbrushing behaviour were assessed from parental responses (questionnaire) and observation of child and parents/guardians (video recording). Oral examination included recording plaque, gingival and dental caries indices. BORIS software was used to assess toothbrushing parameters and Smart PLS was used to perform association with a second-generation multivariate analysis to create models with and without confounding factors. Results Girls were slightly more (53%) than boys (47%). Children aged 4 years were slightly more in number (38%), followed by 6-year-olds and 5-year-olds. Nearly, 90% parents had tertiary education and 46% had more than 2 children. Differences were recorded in the reported and observed behaviour. Thirty-five percent parents/guardians reported using pea-size toothpaste amount but only 28% were observed. Forty percent reported to brush for 30 s–1 min, however 51% were observed to brush for 1–2 min. Half the children were observed to use fluoridated toothpaste (F < 1000 ppm) under parental supervision (11%). The mean (SD) plaque score reduction after toothbrushing was 10.80 (2.46), mean pre-brushing plaque score was 90.3 (10.2), mean gingival index was 0.89 (0.65) and mean dental caries status (ICDAS(1–6)) was 18.87 (12.39). Toothbrushing behaviour in terms of toothbrushing technique, duration, pattern and frequency, toothbrush type and grip type, toothpaste type and amount, post-brushing mouth rinsing and parental involvement contributed significantly to plaque score change (86%), dental caries status (73%), gingival index (66%) and pre-brushing plaque score (31%). The significant confounding variables had a small influence on oral health of preschool children. Conclusions Preschool children’s toothbrushing behaviour was inadequate while their oral health was poor, with a significant association between the two parameters.

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