scholarly journals effects of Industry 4.0 on employment and inequality

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e021008
Author(s):  
Rafael Palma Mungioli ◽  
Gabriel Marino Daudt ◽  
Luiz Daniel Willcox
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Effective Demand ◽  
Technological Advances

This article develops a critical assessment of the literature correlating the technological advances of Industry 4.0 to worsening conditions in unemployment and wage inequality. Some of the limits and inconsistencies of this literature are highlighted, particularly its inadequacy to explain contemporary movements of manufacturing and its social consequences. We then argue that an analysis based on post-Keynesian political economy seems more appropriate to studying the topic, since it underlines the importance of effective demand and political and international contexts in the determination of employment and wages. The article concludes by rejecting the mainstream hypothesis that correlates unemployment and/or inequality with technological progress.

Interpreting the industry 4.0 future: technology, business, society and people

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schiele ◽  
Anna Bos-Nehles ◽  
Vincent Delke ◽  
Peter Stegmaier ◽  
Robbert-Jan Torn
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Tool Set ◽  
Strategy Design

Purpose Industrial revolutions have been induced by technological advances, but fundamentally changed business and society. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the fourth industrial revolution (I4.0) and derive guidelines for business strategy, it is, therefore, necessary to explore it as a multi-facet phenomenon. Most literature on I4.0, however, takes up a predominantly technical view. This paper aims to report on a project discussing a holistic view on I4.0 and its implications, covering technology, business, society and people. Design/methodology/approach Two consecutive group discussions in form of academic world cafés have been conducted. The first workshop gathered multi-disciplinary experts from academia, whose results were further validated in a subsequent workshop including industry representatives. A voting procedure was used to capture participants perspectives. Findings The paper develops a holistic I4.0 vision, focusing on five core technologies, their business potential, societal requests and people implications. Based on the model a checklist has been developed, which firms can use a tool to analyze their firm’s situation and draft their industry 4.0 business strategy. Originality/value Rather than focusing on technology alone – which by itself is unlikely to make up for a revolution – this research integrates the entire system. In this way, a tool-set for strategy design results.

scholarly journals Strategic Planning Madrasah Pembangunan Ciputat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Dian Nuraini ◽  
Suryadi Suryadi ◽  
Siti Zulaikha
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Quality Assurance System ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Policy

This study aims to obtain a complete picture of strategic planning in Madrasah Pembangunan. How can the mandate, vision, and mission of the organization be outlined in strategic planning as a reference and guide in carrying out programs and activities? The research instrument is a researcher who is also known as a human instrument. Determination of informants by purposive sampling. The technique of collecting data is direct observation, photographing the research site, recording interviews with resource persons, and collecting data or documents obtained from resource persons. Findings from the research (1) Strategic planning has been implemented properly and has become a quality assurance system as outlined in the quality policy and quality objectives in each unit in the Madrasah Pembangunan as a reference for every policy in management. The 2018 Madrasah Pembangunan Blueprint is a planning document that has a vision that is in line with current trends and can be applied to accommodate developments in the world of education that lead to technological advances and global information flows.

scholarly journals Raja yoga within the system of religious-ethical philosophy Of M. V. Lodyzhensky

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-90
Author(s):  
Oleg Viktorovich Solopov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ethical Philosophy ◽  
Knowledge Ontology ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This article is dedicated to examination of the characteristics of the doctrine of Raja yoga in interpretation Of M. V. Lodyzhensky. The goal consists in the analysis and reconstruction of the system of Raja yoga within the religious-ethical philosophy of the thinker. In the course of this research, the author resolves a number of problems: examines the system of primary elements of religious-ethical philosophy of M. V. Lodyzhensky; analyzes the sources that affected the formation of views of the philosopher upon Raja yoga; reveals main characteristics of the system of Raja yoga within Lodyzhensky’s philosophy; determines the peculiarities of religious-mystical practice of Raja yoga in the philosophy of M. V. Lodyzhensky; defines the role of Raja-yoga within the system of religious-ethical philosophy of the thinker. The novelty lies in determination of the novel in comparison to the existing in scientific literature categories of M. V. Lodyzhensky’s philosophy and their analysis in the context of system of fundamental sections of philosophical knowledge (ontology, theology, anthropology, epistemology, axiology, ethics); as well as in comprehensive study of the system of Raja yoga in interpretation Of M. V. Lodyzhensky and determination of its role within the structure of his philosophy. It is established that the “core” of the system of religious-ethical philosophy of M. V. Lodyzhensky is the ethics develop ethics and axiology of Hesychasm developed by him. It is proven that the system of metaphysical categories and ideas of the thinker is of synthetic nature and leans on various cultural trends and traditions. The article demonstrates that special role within the system of Lodyzhensky’s philosophy is played by the apologetics of Hesychasm that implies critical review of the non-Christian mystical practices, among which is the examination of Raja yoga. The author underlines the uniqueness of interpretation of Raja yoga in the philosophy M. V. Lodyzhensky, as well as provides critical assessment to his interpretation of the system of Raja yoga.

scholarly journals Use of geotechnologies in mining planning in Quarries carbonated rocks - Contribution to the digital transition (Industry 4.0)

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
João Duarte ◽  
Francisco Sousa ◽  
Bruno Valente
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Ornamental Stone ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Photogrammetric Method

Abstract As part of the strategy for Industry 4.0, this work was developed to outline a methodology that is an important contribution to improve the efficiency and productivity of processes in the ornamental stone extraction industry. Since this sector is important for the Portuguese economy, it is imperative to optimize processes to improve their efficiency in the use of resources, economic valuation, and economic viability. Knowing that one of the main factors to take into account in the feasibility of an exploration of ornamental rocks is the density, persistence and attitude of the discontinuities present in the rock mass, a methodology is proposed that aims to map and characterize the existing discontinuities in the using the latest digital technologies and whenever possible open access (CloudCompare, Stereonet, 3D Block Expert). To this end, work was initially carried out on an active exploration front, identifying and characterizing, through the traditional method (compass and clinometer) and photogrammetry, existing discontinuities and statistically analysing their occurrence. The data analysis shows a variation in the attitude of the discontinuities in a range of -17.72 ° to 14.7 °, this variation corresponding to the strike. As a percentage, there is also a variation in the range of values, from -5.30% to 4.91%, with the reference value being the value obtained by the photogrammetric method. This step was also used to compare the acquired data and verify the variations between them depending on the method used. Photogrammetry was used with another complementary purpose, but very important for the proposed methodology, which is related to the 3D modelling of the fronts and the subsequent projection or extraction of the existing discontinuity plans. The determination of the attitude of the discontinuities was obtained through the manipulation of the point clouds obtained by the photogrammetric modelling, based on the technique of Structure for Motion [SfM] and application of the RANSAC Shape Detection algorithm of the CloudCompare® program, which allows the determination of the attitude of the discontinuities. The characterization of the discontinuities by the photogrammetric method provided the data that was used in the present study to calculate the blocometry in that sector. This was calculated using the 3D BlockExpert software, based on the exploration sequences. The program calculated the predicted volumes in each one, based on a standard dimension for the block of 2.7 × 3.0 × 2.0 meters. As a result, it was possible to compare a number of blocks the value predicted by the 449 modellings and the number of blocks produced 490. This difference of approximately 10% for this order of magnitude is acceptable and confirms the reliability of the proposed methodology. This evaluation using Geotechnologies allows data modelling to be effectively an important process in the planning of the extractive process, and with the development of this approach, it may introduce in a second phase the decision automation of the extractive process, based on economic and commercial criteria and last and third stage, the automation of the extractive process.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Silvia M. Lindtner
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Capitalist Production ◽  
Finance Capitalism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

This concluding chapter reviews the labor and sites that have long challenged the inevitability of technological progress and its violence. The socialist pitch and the production of hopeful anticipation depend on happiness labor — the labor that produces a feeling of optimism and hope despite the proliferating sense of rising precarity. If one attends to the labor and the instruments of affect that finance capitalism needs, one notices the vulnerability of capitalist production — that is, one notices that the relationship between technology, life, and markets can be otherwise. The chapter then argues that if we attend to the labor that is necessary to nurture and sustain entrepreneurial life, we can mobilize other feelings to subvert the political economy of affect that runs on the promise of happiness. We can subvert the seemingly endlessly spiraling displacement of technological promise if we reframe what counts as intervention by moving away from the ideal types of countercultural heroism.

Critical assessment of two sample treatment methods for multiresidue determination of veterinary drugs in milk by UHPLC-MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 411 (7) ◽  
pp. 1433-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Castilla-Fernández ◽  
David Moreno-González ◽  
Miriam Beneito-Cambra ◽  
Antonio Molina-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Veterinary Drugs ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Multiresidue Determination

scholarly journals Productive Labour in the Information Sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Surplus Value ◽  
Productive Labour ◽  
Information Sector ◽  
Marxian Political Economy

Background This article addresses the question of productive labour in the information sector. Based on Marxian political economy, it provides a critical assessment of Dan Schiller’s (2007) arguments on productive and unproductive labour. Unproductive labour, it argues, is not something a) unnecessary, b) morally inferior, c) outside of a wage relationship, or d) unprofitable. Analysis Following an orthodox Marxian interpretation, this article claims that unproductive labour is a category that revolves exclusively around the concept of surplus value, and that this recognition is vital to understanding the type of labour that takes place in those businesses whose main commodity is information. Conclusions and implications  The article ends with a more sophisticated account of how to apply the category of productive labour to the information sector. Contexte  Cet article traite de la problématique du travail productif dans le secteur de l’information. Sur la base de l’économie politique marxiste, les arguments autour du travail productif et improductif de Dan Schiller ont été évalués de façon critique. Je soutiens que le travail improductif n’est pas quelque chose a) d’inutile b) ni moralement inferieur, c) ni exempt d’un rapport de salaire, d) ni lucratif. Analyse  Suivant une interprétation marxiste orthodoxe, je postule que le travail productif est une catégorie en rapport exclusivement avec la production de plus-value et cette reconnaissance est vitale pour comprendre les types de travaux qui se réalisent dans les secteurs où la principale marchandise est l’information. Conclusions et implications  Pour conclure j’apporte une explication plus sophistiquée pour appliquer la catégorie de travail productif au secteur de l’information.

Computational methods for NMR and MS for structure elucidation II: database resources and advanced methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Valli ◽  
Helena Mannochio Russo ◽  
Alan Cesar Pilon ◽  
Meri Emili Ferreira Pinto ◽  
Nathalia B. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Similarity Networks ◽  
Product Chemistry

Abstract Technological advances have contributed to the evolution of the natural product chemistry and drug discovery programs. Recently, computational methods for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) have speeded up and facilitated the process of structural elucidation even in high complex biological samples. In this chapter, the current computational tools related to NMR and MS databases and spectral similarity networks, as well as their applications on dereplication and determination of biological biomarkers, are addressed.

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