Microleakage difference between total-etch and self-etch bonding in bulk fill packable composite restoration after carbonic acid immersion

Background: Bulk fill packable composite that can be applied to a depth of 4mm in cavities is widely used in posterior teeth restoration. Unfortunately, this composite is subject to potential microleakage which occurs due to erosion resulting from the consumption of carbonated drinks containing carbonic acid. Nevertheless, microleakage can be reduced by bonding applications the etch technique of which is divided into two forms; self-etch bonding and total-etch bonding. Purpose: This study aims to determine the difference in microleakage between total-etch and self-etch bonding in bulk fill packable composite following carbonic acid immersion. Methods: This study constitutes experimental laboratory research utilizing 28 incisors bovine teeth which were cleaned, immersed in 0.01% NaCl, and randomly divided into four groups. The cervical area of the teeth of all groups were prepared through the creation of cylindrical shapes 2mm in diameter and 3 mm deep. Groups I and III used total-etch bonding, while groups II and IV used self-etch bonding. Groups III and IV were control groups, whereas groups I and II were treatment groups (immersed in carbonic acid) for 24 hours. Thermocycling was carried out in all groups which were subsequently immersed in 1% methylene blue for 24 hours after which the teeth were cut in a buccolingual direction using a diamond disc wheel. Microleakage was subsequently evaluated by calculating the amount of methylene blue passing between the restoration wall and cavity using a Stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data was then analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests. Results: There was a significant difference between the control groups and treatment groups (p<0.05). The microleakage in Group 2 was higher than that of other groups. Conclusion: The microleakage of total-etch bonding was lower than self-etch bonding in bulk fill packable composite after carbonic acid immersion.

Download Full-text

A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN PENETRATION DEPTH OF RESIN-BASED MATERIALS INTO WHITE SPOT LESION

European Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.47672/ejhs.515 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Mohamed Adel Mohamed ◽

Abdallah A. Abdalhady ◽

K.M Noaman

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Penetration Depth ◽

White Spot ◽

Control Group ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Group 4 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Self Etch

Purpose: This study conducts an in vitro comparison of the depth of penetration of a resin infiltrant material (Icon), a two-step self-etch resin-based material (OptiBondTM XTR), and a solvent-free self-etch resin-based material (Bond-1SF) into white spot lesions (WSLs).Methodology: Through an in vitro clinical trial, a total of 60 human posterior teeth, free from caries, were collected. The buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth were marked, resulting in a total of 120 samples of surfaces, which represented the operational sample size. The samples were randomly divided into four equal main groups (n = 30) according to the materials used. Group 1 (M1) was the control group. Group 2 (M2) was restored using Icon, Group 3 (M3) using OptiBondTM XTR, and Group 4 (M4) using Bond-1SF. Each group was divided into two equal groups (n = 15) according to the surface treatment, and the first group (W1) was subjected to surface treatment but the second group (W2) was not. The resin penetration depth was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy.Findings: The highest penetration depth was recorded for Group 2 with surface treatment (M2W1), and the lowest was recorded for Group 4 without surface treatment (M4W2). An analysis of variance test revealed a statistically significant difference in the penetration depth of tested materials (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Icon shows the best penetration depth value in relation to WSLs, whereas Bond-1SF shows the worst. Surface treatment has a positive effect on the penetration depth of the resin-based materials.

Download Full-text

Two Adhesive Systems-effect on Adhesion to Tooth Structure

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.7.7389 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (7) ◽

pp. 2608-2613

Author(s):

Larisa Simona Deac ◽

Kamel Earar ◽

Adela Loredana Colceriu Burtea ◽

Alexandra Stefania Berghe ◽

Aurora Antoniac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adhesive Systems ◽

Hybrid Layer ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Selective Etch ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Wisdom Teeth ◽

Group 2 ◽

Self Etch ◽

Group 1

This study evaluates and compares by dye penetration method and SEM photomicrographs the sealing obtained using two different classes of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch with selective etching) with SDR (Dentsply) bulk fill composite. 84 class V cavities were prepared on oral and vestibular face of 42 intact, freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The cavities were randomly divided in two groups and restored: Group 1 with prime &bond one select (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply) and Group 2 with prime&bond one Etch&Rinse (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply). Prime&bond one Select (Dentsply) is a single component adhesive and can be used in self etch mode, in selective enamel etch mode, or in etch-and-rinse mode. We chosen for this study the selective etch of the enamel mode. Prime&bond one Etch Rinse (Dentsply) is a universal etch-and-rinse one-bottle dental adhesive, designed to be used in two steps. The bulk fill composites are commonly used in modern dentistry due to their properties of low polymerization shrinkage and curing in layer of 4 mm depth, offering the practitioner a fast clinical procedure with good results. The results showed a good sealing at enamel and dentin margins with no statistically significant difference between adhesives, even though the mean of enamel infiltration was smaller for Group1. Furthermore the results show that there were differences between the two groups, for the infiltrations at the enamel, the values of microleakage being arithmetically higher for Group 1, but with no statistically difference between the two groups.SEM images showed for both groups a good adhesion surface with the tooth, but the hybrid layer of the total-etch adhesives is different from the hybrid layer formed by self etch adhesives, in terms of thickness, uniformity. In conclusion both adhesive systems have equivalent sealing qualities and can be successfully used with SDR.

Download Full-text

A volumetric three-dimensional evaluation of invasiveness of an endoscopic and microscopic approach for transmeatal visualisation of the middle ear

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215121000293 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

A H A Baazil ◽

J G G Dobbe ◽

E van Spronsen ◽

F A Ebbens ◽

F G Dikkers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Endoscopic Approach ◽

Microscopic Approach ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Computed Tomography Scans ◽

The Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare the necessary scutum defect for transmeatal visualisation of middle-ear landmarks between an endoscopic and microscopic approach. Method Human cadaveric heads were used. In group 1, middle-ear landmarks were visualised by endoscope (group 1 endoscopic approach) and subsequently by microscope (group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy). In group 2, landmarks were visualised solely microscopically (group 2 microscopic approach). The amount of resected bone was evaluated via computed tomography scans. Results In the group 1 endoscopic approach, a median of 6.84 mm3 bone was resected. No statistically significant difference (Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.163, U = 49.000) was found between the group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy (median 17.84 mm3) and the group 2 microscopic approach (median 20.08 mm3), so these were combined. The difference between the group 1 endoscopic approach and the group 1 microscopic approach following endoscopy plus group 2 microscopic approach (median 18.16 mm3) was statistically significant (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.001, U = 18.000). Conclusion This study showed that endoscopic transmeatal visualisation of middle-ear landmarks preserves more of the bony scutum than a microscopic transmeatal approach.

Download Full-text

Thromboelastometric evaluation of horses submitted to experimental thrombosis and jugular thrombectomy

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2016000800001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (8) ◽

pp. 677-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dietrich Pizzigatti ◽

Daniele S. Gonçalves ◽

Thays C. Trentin ◽

Regina K. Takahira ◽

Ana L.G. Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Alpha Angle ◽

Fogarty Catheter ◽

Significance Level ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

The Moment ◽

Α Angle

Abstract: Jugular thrombosis in horses occurs commonly in iatrogenic situations, secondary to endotoxemic clinical condition and disseminated vascular coagulation, potentially leading to death. Thus, hemostatic evaluation becomes necessary and extremely important for monitoring the risks of systemic hypercoagulability and for the efficiency of allopathic and surgical treatment. This paper describes the hemostatic behavior in experimental jugular thrombosis of ten healthy equines, subsequently submitted to two thrombectomy techniques and receiving heparin sodium as anti-rethrombosis therapy. These animals were evaluated for 20 days by thromboelastometry (TEM), platelet count, hematocrit and fibrinogen, at four moments: pre-induction to phlebitis (D0-MPF); three days after thrombophlebitis induction (D3-MFM); 6 days after, - moment of thrombophlebitis - (D9-MT); and 54 (D16) and 126 (D19) hours after thrombectomies (PTM). Thrombectomy was performed via a Vollmar Ring (group 1, n=5) and Fogarty catheter (group 2, n=5). All the animals received heparin (150 UI/kg, SC) every 12 hours, for ten days after the respective thrombectomies. Through the blood samples were evaluated TEM, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT), dosing of fibrinogen, hematocrit and platelet count at the abovementioned moments. For comparison between groups and moments the t test was applied at 5% significance level. No significant difference was verified between treatment groups at any of the moments. There were reductions in clotting time (CT) and clot formation time (CFT), with increase in maximum lysis (ML) until the moment D9-MT. Evaluation through INTEM® reagent presented prolongations of CT and CFT with reduction of α angle and ML starting from D16 and D19. Similarly, aPTT presented significant differences between moments pre- (D0, 3 and 9) and post- (D16 and 19) anticoagulant and surgical treatment. The platelet numbers were diminished at moments D16 and D19. In evaluation with EXTEM® reagent, prolongation of CT and CFT occurred only between the moments D0 vs. D3 and vs. D9. O PT did not present significant differences. The results obtained demonstrate that experimental jugular thrombophlebitis leads to local clinical alterations, with impairment of tissue and of the extrinsic coagulation pathway (EXTEM® ), but without evidence of systemic hypercoagulability status, since there was no increase of the alpha angle or maximum clot firmness (MCF). Furthermore, TEM was shown useful and more sensitive than conventional coagulation tests (PT, aPTT and fibrinogen) for the monitoring of anticoagulant therapy, as demonstrated in other works.

Download Full-text

A pilot trial on lithium disilicate partial crowns using a novel prosthodontic Functional Index for Teeth (FIT)

10.21203/rs.2.14102/v4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Edoardo Ferrari Cagidiaco ◽

Simone Grandini ◽

Cecilia Goracci ◽

Tim Joda

Keyword(s):

Clinical Performance ◽

Pilot Trial ◽

Lithium Disilicate ◽

Bone Biology ◽

Functional Index ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Technical Complication ◽

Level Of Significance

Abstract Background Lithium disilicate is now a well accepted material for indirect restorations. The aim of this trial was to evaluate two lithium disilicate systems using a novel prosthodontic Functional Index for Teeth (FIT).Methods Partial adhesive crowns on natural abutment posterior teeth were made on sixty patients (clinicaltrial.gov # NCT 01835821). Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 e.max press (Ivoclar), Group 2 LiSi press (GC Co.). The restorations were followed-up for 3 years. The FIT is composed of seven variables (Interproximal, Occlusion, Design, Mucosa, Bone, Biology and Margins), each of them to be evaluated using a 0-1-2 scoring scheme. The Mann-Whitney ‘U’ test was applied. The level of significance was set at p<0,05.Results Survival rate was 100%, without any biological or technical complication. No statistically significant difference emerged between the two groups in any of the assessed variables (p>0.05).Conclusions The results showed that it is possible to evaluate the clinical performance of partial crowns using FIT. The FIT proved to be an effective tool to foresee the possible risk of failures and to monitor the performance of the restorations at each recall. The two lithium dislocate materials showed same results after 3 years of clinical service.

Download Full-text

The difference in outcome of patients with open inguinal hernia repair by using delayed absorbable sutures instead of non-absorbable sutures for mesh fixation

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20205423 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Ali G. Mohammed Redha ◽

Adil A. Jaber ◽

Aqeel M. Nasser

Keyword(s):

Hernia Repair ◽

Mesh Fixation ◽

Good Alternative ◽

P Value ◽

Absorbable Sutures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

One Year ◽

Group 1

Background: Different methods are found for mesh fixation in inguinal hernioplasty both open and laparoscopic. In open technique, sutures have been the method of choice for their reduced costs and surgeons’ habits. Whether absorbable instead of non-absorbable sutures can be used still a matter of debate in view of hernia recurrence and post-operative complications.Methods: This is a prospective done on 158 male patients with uncomplicated unilateral inguinal hernias. Two groups of 69 patients were evaluated after periods up to 1 year after open hernioplasty by using delayed absorbable sutures in one group (group 1) and non-absorbable sutures in the other group (group 2) for fixation of mesh.Results: In spite of a noticeable reduction in complication in the group 1 in term of number and percentage when compared with group 2 mainly chronic pain, there is no significant difference (p value>0.05). However, these results are associated with zero recurrence in both groups during a period of one year follow up.Conclusions: Delayed absorbable sutures are good alternative of non-absorbable sutures in open mesh hernia repair associated with less complications and almost no increase in chance of recurrence.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Aloe Vera Extract to Extensive Lesion and Expression of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-β) on Alkaline Chemical Trauma Cornea Model

Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.37275/sjo.v1i2.36 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Fahcreza ◽

Elsa Iskandar ◽

Rachmat Hidayat ◽

Petty Purwanita ◽

Anang Tribowo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

White Rats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

In Cells

Abstract Background: Chemical trauma to the cornea is an emergency condition of the eye that requires early diagnosis and good treatment. Alkaline have ability to saponify fatty acids in cells and cell membranes which can make penetration into the stroma and destroy proteoglycans and collagen in cells. Aloe vera (AV) contains several active substances that are reported to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and wound healing effects. AV has been reported to accelerate the healing process of corneal epithelial defects by increasing fibroblast proliferation, collagen production and growth factor production. This study aims to determine the difference between the effect of aloe vera extract with a concentration of 10%, 20%, 40% and BSS on the healing of extensive corneal lesions in white wistar rats alkaline trauma models. Method: This study was an experimental study with a pre and posttest only with control group design in vivo approach to 30 Wistar white rats which were divided into 5 treatment groups for 3 days. Comparative analysis of effectiveness using the ANNOVA test or the Kruskal Wallis test and continued by the post hoc test. Results: Based on the one way ANOVA test there was a statistically significant difference in effectiveness between the five treatment groups on the percentage of corneal wound healing area and TGF-β expression with an assessment of p = 0,000 each. The administration of alloevera (AV) concentration of 20% had a significant difference in percentage of healing of corneal lesions and TGF-β expression compared with other treatment groups with p = 0,000 each. Large differences in the area of corneal lesions in the 40% AV group were -0.45 in the BBS group, 0.146 in the 10% AV group, 0.493 in the 20% AV group. The difference in the AV group 10% was 0.30 in the BBS group, -064 in the AV group 20%, and -0.14 in the AV group 40%. However, TGFβ expression in the normal control group that did not receive treatment was 54.94 (53.21-56-12). TGFβ levels in the BSS group were 10.44, the 10% aloe vera group was 25.43, 47.99 for the 20% aloe vera group and 37.95 for the 40% aloe vera group. Conclusion: There is a difference between the effect of aloe vera extract with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 40% and BSS on the extensive healing of corneal lesions in white wistar rats with alkaline chemical trauma models.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Inflammatory Reactions Following Two Different Cesarean Section Techniques: The Modified Misgav-Ladach Versus the Pfannenstiel-Kerr; A Prospective Randomized Trial

Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.21613/gorm.2018.811 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Baris Buke ◽

Hatice Akkaya ◽

Cigdem Karakukcu

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Inflammatory Reaction ◽

Operation Time ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Objectives: There is not yet a consensus on the optimal surgical technique for cesarean section. This is the first study comparing two different (Cesarean Section) with respect to the following inflammatory reaction in means of changes in inflammatory marker levels. To evaluate the differences in inflammatory reactions following two different (Cesarean Section) techniques, the modified Misgav-Ladach versus the Pfannenstiel-Kerr technique.Study Desıgn: The study population included 88 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. These women were randomized into two groups according to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines: Group 1 (Misgav-Ladach group) and Group 2 (Pfannenstiel Kerr group). To compare the inflammatory reactions following surgery, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured in venous blood samples drawn from the patients just before (0 hour) and 24 hours (24th hour) after the surgery. In 5 women from Group 1 and 2 women from Group 2, the 24th hour blood samples could not be obtained or were lost. Thus, a total of 81 women, 39 women from Group 1 and 42 women from Group 2, comprised the population of study. The differences in inflammatory reactions between the 0 and 24th hours were analyzed by calculating the percent change in IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and these percentages were then compared between the groups.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 regarding the serum IL-6 level change between 0 and 24th hour (530±653% and 196±168%, respectively, p=0.022. The difference in TNF-α was also higher in Group 2, but the difference was not statistically significant (229±306% vs. 571±824%, p=0.12). The mean operation time was significantly shorter in Group 1 (9.44 min. vs. 16.86 min, p=0.0001).Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the modified Misgav-Ladach technique has a weaker inflammatory reaction, which indicates fewer short- and long-term surgical complications.

Download Full-text

Effects of Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation on the Internalized Stigmatization Level of Patients With Schizophrenia

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/1054773818797871 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 496-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emine Yılmaz ◽

Funda Kavak

Keyword(s):

Health Centers ◽

Control Group ◽

Community Mental Health Centers ◽

Control Groups ◽

Face To Face ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Mental Health Centers ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of mindfulness-based psychoeducation on internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia. The patients were recruited from the community mental health centers. This quasiexperimental study was conducted using pretests and posttests with a control group. The participants were 69 patients with schizophrenia; 34 were part of the experimental group and 35 were part of the control group. The patients in the experimental group participated 2 days a week for 6 weeks in a total of 12 sessions which were given in the form of face-to-face group training. The difference between the scale mean posttest scores of the patients in the experimental and control groups was found to be statistically significant ( p < .05). In the intragroup comparisons, a significant difference was found between the stigma mean scores in the experimental group ( p < .05). It was concluded that mindfulness-based psychoeducation was effective in reducing stigma in patients with schizophrenia.

Download Full-text

Wear Comparison of a Plain Toothbrush versus Eleven Commercial Toothbrushes

Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.23880/oajds-16000311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Natasha Fansiwala BS

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Subjective Rating ◽

Test Results ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Manual Toothbrush ◽

The Difference ◽

Subjective Rating Scale ◽

Wear Index

Objective: To compare the wear of the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain Toothbrush 47 tuft (flat bristles) versus eleven manual toothbrushes. Methods: Twelve brand-new manual toothbrushes (n = 35 in each group) were used for comparison. Each toothbrush was run on a toothbrushing simulator with a brushing force of 2N for approximately 2 hours to simulate 1 month of toothbrushing (9,333 strokes @ 45° lingual of posterior teeth, 9,333 strokes on the top surface, and 9,333 strokes @ 45° buccal of posterior teeth), using the Bass technique on a quadrant typodont. Wear was measured by wear index and wear rating. The Wear index measures the degree of bristle splaying whereby the bristles spread apart and take on a permanent curvature. Wear rating is a subjective rating scale consisting of a series of four numbers increasing from zero to three. The Olympus SZX16 microscope was used to measure the wear rating then was inputted into a formula and averaged. The subjective wear seen as bristle splay/ curling was also measured and recorded. Comparison of the wear index and wear rating between each manual toothbrush was conducted using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Wear index and wear rating for all toothbrushes ranged from 0.03 to 0.34 and from 0.57 to 2.06, respectively. There was a significant difference in the wear index between each toothbrush and the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain toothbrush. The difference in the wear rating was significant between the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain toothbrush and all other toothbrushes other than the Reach Advanced Design Soft toothbrush. Conclusion: The Sound Feelings SOFT Plain Toothbrush had the lowest wear rating and index among all the manual toothbrushes tested.

Download Full-text