PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN PERIODONTAL IBU HAMIL DALAM UPAYA MENGURANGI RESIKO BAYI DENGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH

During the Covid-19 pandemic, there was an increase in pregnancy rates in East Java. Besides efforts to suppress pregnancy rates, it is also necessary to ensure the health of the mother and fetus in order to be born healthy. The prevalence of periodontal diseases in pregnant women is high, while the dental visit of pregnant women is low. Periodontal disease is one of the risk factors of preterm birth as well as low-birth-weight (LBW) infants. In this community service, socialization held through lecture methods, QnA, discussion and self-practice procedures to maintain oral health procedures. The goal is to improve pregnant women's knowledge of the importance of dental and oral care, especially periodontal tissue during pregnancy and enhance skills of pregnant women in detecting early symptoms of periodontal diseases and to perform oral dental care independently at home. The knowledge and skills of pregnant women can be improved during this community service. By healthy periodontal tissue and teeth, it is expected that the risk of LBW infants and also preterm birth can be decreased.abstrakSelama masa pandemi Covid-19, terjadi peningkatan tingkat kehamilan di Jawa Timur. Selain usaha menekan tingkat kehamilan, perlu juga dipastikan kesehatan ibu dan janin agar lahir dengan sehat. Prevalensi kelainan periodontal pada ibu hamil tinggi sementara kunjungan ibu hamil ke dokter gigi rendah. Penyakit periodontal merupakan salah satu faktor resiko bayi lahir prematur dan juga berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan sosialisasi melalui metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi dan praktek mandiri prosedur menjaga kesehatan rongga mulut. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai pentingnya perawatan gigi dan mulut khususnya jaringan periodontal selama kehamilan dan meningkatnya ketrampilan ibu hamil dalam mendeteksi gejala awal kelainan periodontal dan cara melakukan perawatan gigi mulut mandiri di rumah. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini pengetahuan dan ketrampilan ibu hamil dapat ditingkatkan. dengan jaringan periodontal dan gigi serta rongga mulut yang sehat, diharapkan resiko BBLR maupun kelahiran prematur dapat diturunkan.

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Microbial pathogens in urogenital infection in pregnant women

Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology ◽

10.36233/0372-9311-2019-6-13-20 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

A. V. Karaulov ◽

M. S. Afanasiev ◽

Yu. V. Nesvizhsky ◽

S. S. Afanasiev ◽

E. A. Voropaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Termination ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Microbial Pathogens ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Cervical Canal ◽

Type I ◽

Urogenital Infection ◽

In Pregnancy

Introduction. Chronic and latent infections are often activated during pregnancy.Aim - to asses the pathogenetic role of microbial pathogens in urogenital tract infection (UTI) in pregnant women.Materials and methods. 89 pregnant women underwent general clinical examination, examination of smears from urethra, vagina, cervical canal; bacteriological analysis of vaginal contents; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction and determination of specific antibodies for verification of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I and II, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr (EBV) and UTI pathogens in pregnant women in blood and mucosal scrapes.Results. Prevalence of Herpesviridae was revealed (90-100% -EBV, HSV type I and II, CMV); in 41% of cases - bacterial pathogens, in 57% of cases - Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma.Discussion. In preterm birth and pregnancy termination mycoplasma and ureaplasma were more often revealed, and in pregnancy termination - association of HSV type I and II in comparison with urgent birth; in the last equally often - HSV type I and association of HSV type I and II; in urgent birth (infection) more often - HSV type I, than association of HSV type I and II; in preterm birth more often - HSV type I, than the association of HSV types I and II, and less often than combination of HSV type I and association of HSV types I and II in pregnancy termination; in the last, the association of HSV types I and II is more common than HSV type I. Increase of TLRs genes expression levels depends on HSV type I less than from association of HSV types I and II, less than from combination of HSV type I and association of HSV types I and II (it determines the clinical manifestations of genital herpes).Conclusion. Microbial pathogens determine the character of pregnancy course, and HSV types I and II- are the triggers of the infectious process, prognosing its course.

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RELATIONSHIP OF MATERNAL VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANCY WITH PRETERM BIRTH AND MATERNAL HEALTH RISKS

International Medical Journal ◽

10.37436/2308-5274-2020-2-7 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

VICTORIA LAZAROVA SPASOVA ◽

LILIA IVANOVA KOLEVA ◽

MARIETA ANTONOVA POPOVA ◽

VALENTINA BOYANOVA PETKOVA ◽

MILEN VENTZISLAVOV DIMITROV

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Maternal Vitamin ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

The Impact ◽

In Pregnancy

Vitamin B12 is known to be vital for cell growth and population during pregnancy. This retrospective and prospective case−control study was aimed to disclose a health risk for pregnant women with vitamin B12 deficiency, as well as the one of the preterm birth. The main tasks set and performed in this research were as follows: to compare the obstetrics anamnesis between the women who gave birth on term and women who gave birth before term; to find the prevalence of vitamin B12 insufficiency in pregnancy; to determine its association with preterm birth and low birth weight; to examine its association with spontaneous abortions, and to investigate its relationship with obesity and hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. The conducted investigation involved 107 women who gave birth before the 37th week of gestation and 101 women who gave birth after the 37th week of gestation at the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital "Maichin Dom" in Bulgaria. Our study revealed a correlation between maternal vitamin B12 deficiency, overweight and low hemoglobin level. Our results showed no significant correlation between serum vitamin B12 level and the risk of preterm birth. However, we found an inverse association between vitamin B12 level and overweight before pregnancy and at the time of giving birth. As well there was confirmed the strong connection between meat consumption and vitamin B12 level. The paper emphasizes that the deficiency of the vitamin occurs most likely in the women with inadequate diets. Such a deficiency is actually confirmed to have serious health consequences for pregnant women and their offspring. Therefore further profound and numerous studies should be performed to properly assess the correlation between vitamin B12 and preterm birth, as well as to understand better the impact of vitamin B12 over pregnant women. Key words: vitamin B12, preterm birth, pregnancy, overweight, hemoglobin.

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Hypertension in pregnancy in general practice

Russian Family Doctor ◽

10.17816/rfd2019215-20 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 15-20

Author(s):

Irina Е. Moiseeva

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Chronic Hypertension ◽

Proper Treatment ◽

Social Significance ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

In Pregnancy

Hypertension occurs in 5–30% of pregnant women. Its medical and social significance is associated with the risk of a negative impact on the course of pregnancy and on the condition of the fetus and newborn.This requires from the general practitioner to have enough knowledge and skills in this area.Clinical variants of hypertension in pregnancy include pre-existing hypertension (chronic hypertension), gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension complicated by preeclampsia, and preeclampsia/eclampsia.The main tasks of general practitioners — early diagnosis, proper treatment and prevention of complications of hypertension in pregnant women.

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Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes-related microvascular disease and risks of disease progression in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽

10.1371/journal.pmed.1003856 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. e1003856

Author(s):

Sophie Relph ◽

Trusha Patel ◽

Louisa Delaney ◽

Soha Sobhy ◽

Shakila Thangaratinam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Microvascular Disease ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Background The rise in the global prevalence of diabetes, particularly among younger people, has led to an increase in the number of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, many of whom have diabetes-related microvascular complications. We aimed to estimate the magnitude of the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes or disease progression in this population. Methods and findings We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal and perinatal complications in women with type 1 or 2 diabetic microvascular disease and the risk factors for worsening of microvascular disease in pregnancy using a prospective protocol (PROSPERO CRD42017076647). We searched major databases (January 1990 to July 2021) for relevant cohort studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We summarized the findings as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random effects meta-analysis. We included 56 cohort studies involving 12,819 pregnant women with diabetes; 40 from Europe and 9 from North America. Pregnant women with diabetic nephropathy were at greater risk of preeclampsia (OR 10.76, CI 6.43 to 17.99, p < 0.001), early (<34 weeks) (OR 6.90, 95% CI 3.38 to 14.06, p < 0.001) and any preterm birth (OR 4.48, CI 3.40 to 5.92, p < 0.001), and cesarean section (OR 3.04, CI 1.24 to 7.47, p = 0.015); their babies were at increased risk of perinatal death (OR 2.26, CI 1.07 to 4.75, p = 0.032), congenital abnormality (OR 2.71, CI 1.58 to 4.66, p < 0.001), small for gestational age (OR 16.89, CI 7.07 to 40.37, p < 0.001), and admission to neonatal unit (OR 2.59, CI 1.72 to 3.90, p < 0.001) than those without nephropathy. Diabetic retinopathy was associated with any preterm birth (OR 1.67, CI 1.27 to 2.20, p < 0.001) and preeclampsia (OR 2.20, CI 1.57 to 3.10, p < 0.001) but not other complications. The risks of onset or worsening of retinopathy were increased in women who were nulliparous (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.40, p < 0.001), smokers (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.25 to 4.27, p = 0.008), with existing proliferative disease (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.04, p = 0.022), and longer duration of diabetes (weighted mean difference: 4.51 years, 95% CI 2.26 to 6.76, p < 0.001) than those without the risk factors. The main limitations of this analysis are the heterogeneity of definition of retinopathy and nephropathy and the inclusion of women both with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions In pregnant women with diabetes, presence of nephropathy and/or retinopathy appear to further increase the risks of maternal complications.

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Cohort profile: molecular signature in pregnancy (MSP): longitudinal high-frequency sampling to characterise cross-omic trajectories in pregnancy in a resource-constrained setting

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e041631

Author(s):

Tobias Brummaier ◽

Basirudeen Syed Ahamed Kabeer ◽

Pornpimon Wilaisrisak ◽

Mupawjay Pimanpanarak ◽

Aye Kyi Win ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

High Frequency ◽

Molecular Signature ◽

Resource Constrained ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Frequency Sampling ◽

High Frequency Sampling ◽

In Pregnancy

PurposeA successful pregnancy relies on the interplay of various biological systems. Deviations from the norm within a system or intersystemic interactions may result in pregnancy-associated complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Systems biology approaches provide an avenue of unbiased, in-depth phenotyping in health and disease. The molecular signature in pregnancy (MSP) cohort was established to characterise longitudinal, cross-omic trajectories in pregnant women from a resource constrained setting. Downstream analysis will focus on characterising physiological perturbations in uneventful pregnancies, pregnancy-associated complications and adverse outcomes.ParticipantsFirst trimester pregnant women of Karen or Burman ethnicity were followed prospectively throughout pregnancy, at delivery and until 3 months post partum. Serial high-frequency sampling to assess whole blood transcriptomics and microbiome composition of the gut, vagina and oral cavity, in conjunction with assessment of gene expression and microbial colonisation of gestational tissue, was done for all cohort participants.Findings to date381 women with live born singletons averaged 16 (IQR 15–18) antenatal visits (13 094 biological samples were collected). At 5% (19/381) the preterm birth rate was low. Other adverse events such as maternal febrile illness 7.1% (27/381), gestational diabetes 13.1% (50/381), maternal anaemia 16.3% (62/381), maternal underweight 19.2% (73/381) and a neonate born small for gestational age 20.2% (77/381) were more often observed than preterm birth.Future plansResults from the MSP cohort will enable in-depth characterisation of cross-omic molecular trajectories in pregnancies from a population in a resource-constrained setting. Moreover, pregnancy-associated complications and unfavourable pregnancy outcomes will be investigated at the same granular level, with a particular focus on population relevant needs such as effect of tropical infections on pregnancy. More detailed knowledge on multiomic perturbations will ideally result in the development of diagnostic tools and ultimately lead to targeted interventions that may disproportionally benefit pregnant women from this resource-limited population.Trial registration numberNCT02797327.

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MONSTER PHASE OF ACETAMINOPHEN USE IN PREGNANCY: CURRENT VISION OF AN OLD DRUG

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i11.14000 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Nisha Rani S.s. ◽

Gomathi Swaminathan ◽

Sambathkumar R.

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Male Infertility ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Literature Evidence ◽

Exposure During Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

In various countries, Acetaminophen [APAP] is the frequently used painkiller found in hundreds of medications during pregnancy. It has been broadly used for eras and health care professionals prefer acetaminophen as a choice during pregnancy for relieving pain and fever. Current research reports bothersome inclinations in the rate of acetaminophen exposure and related pregnancy outcome. The exposure of pregnant women to acetaminophen is of great concern. Existing literature evidence shows that acetaminophen exposure during pregnancy may leads to preterm birth, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, male infertility, asthma in pediatrics. Therefore, the prophylactic anticipation of acetaminophen exposure can be a far-sighted approach in order to safeguard humans and wildlife from enduring dangerous effects. This article reviews the epidemiological findings and aims to shed awareness into the second generation outcome of an old drug in pregnant women.

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Modifiable risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth in nulliparous women: a prospective study

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2019-0362 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 96-101

Author(s):

Themistoklis Dagklis ◽

Ioannis Tsakiridis ◽

Apostolos Mamopoulos ◽

Theodore Dardavessis ◽

Apostolos Athanasiadis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Modifiable Risk Factors ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Nulliparous Women ◽

Study Population ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) has a detrimental impact on perinatal outcome, as well as on the resources of health systems in high-income countries. Thus, the objective of the current study was to determine the incidence of modifiable risk factors in pregnancy and their impact on the rate of sPTB.MethodsAll nulliparous pregnant women, in singleton pregnancies, with free medical and obstetric history, were eligible to participate in this study. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of specific modifiable risk factors for sPTB. The correlations between these risk factors and sPTB were also investigated.ResultsOverall, 2027 women were eligible for the study and agreed to participate. The incidence of sPTB was 4.9%; 25.5% (n = 518) of the participants were in extreme maternal age (<20 or >35 years), 34.5% (n = 701) had an abnormal body mass index (BMI) (<18.5 or ≥25 kg/m2), 4.4% (n = 89) reported use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and 10.9% (n = 220) reported themselves as smokers in pregnancy. In the multivariate analysis, sPTB was significantly correlated with ART conception [odds ratio (OR): 2.494, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.196–5.199].ConclusionApproximately one in 20 primiparous pregnant women in the study had a sPTB. The study population included a high percentage of women of advanced maternal age, with abnormal BMI and smokers, but these characteristics did not affect the incidence of sPTB. On the other hand, conception following ART increased two-fold the risk of sPTB.

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Pemantauan Kecemasan dan Lama Persalinan Kala I pada Ibu Bersalin dengan Pelaksanaan Yoga Kehamilan

Jurnal ABDIMAS-HIP : Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.37402/abdimaship.vol2.iss2.147 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 96-101

Author(s):

Eva Santi Hutasori ◽

Novi Yanti ◽

Susani Hayati ◽

Yessi Azwar ◽

Noviyanti Noviyanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Center ◽

Community Service ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

The Body ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Maternal Anxiety ◽

Nervous System Function ◽

Exercise In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Pregnancy makes women experience a lot of changes. Changes in the body and mind can cause discomfort in pregnant women. In addition to the physical discomfort felt, psychological discomfort is also common. Problems with common prevalence include anxiety and depression in pregnancy. One intervention that can reduce anxiety can be physical exercise such as yoga. The benefits obtained from yoga include providing a sense of comfort, decreasing stress, reducing labor pain, self-efficacy in childbirth, increasing quality of life, interpersonal relationships, autonomic nervous system function, and shortening the duration of labor. The purpose of this service is to introduce to the public the benefits of pregnancy yoga in reducing maternal anxiety in dealing with labor and accelerating the first stage of labor in women giving birth in Pekanbaru city. This community service was carried out for 3 months. This service program has several activities, namely: carrying out pregnancy checks for pregnant women, carrying out yoga exercise activities in pregnancy and assessing the results of yoga exercise activities in pregnancy. This service is carried out in the work area of the Payung Sekaki Health Center with a total of 30 pregnant women who are trained in yoga exercises. Participants in this training are pregnant women whose pregnancy is in the third trimester. The output of this community service is the formation of a yoga gymnastics community in the Working area of the Payung Sekaki Health Center. From the results of the implementation of yoga exercise in pregnancy, it was found that yoga exercise in pregnancy can reduce the level of maternal anxiety during childbirth. And by doing yoga exercises, the mother's 1st period of time during childbirth is 6 hours.

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Clinical and microbiological rationale for the prophylaxis of obstetric and perinatal pathology caused by group B streptococci

Journal of obstetrics and women s diseases ◽

10.17816/jowd67173-84 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 73-84

Author(s):

Vladislav O. Khvan ◽

Elena V. Shipitsyna ◽

Svetlana L. Zatsiorskaya ◽

Galina V. Grinenko ◽

Kira V. Shalepo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Group B Streptococci ◽

Perinatal Pathology ◽

Group B ◽

Preterm Rupture Of Membranes ◽

In Pregnancy

Background. Bacteriuria caused by group B streptococci (GBS) is a major risk factor for neonatal GBS associated pathology and a risk factor for pregnancy complications such as preterm birth and preterm rupture of membranes. Objective. Clinical and microbiological rationale for the prophylaxis of obstetrical and perinatal pathology associated with group B streptococci. Methods. A total of 496 pregnant women who made their first prenatal visit within first 12 weeks of gestation were invited to participate. As clinical samples, mid-stream urine, vaginal swabs, rectal swabs from women and inguinal swabs, urine, meconium from newborn infants were used. GBS detection was performed using culture and PCR. Results. The frequency of GBS detection was 16.3%. GBS associated bacteriuria was detected in 9.8% of the women. The women having GBS in urine at the beginning of pregnancy were significantly more often colonized with the microorganism late in pregnancy in comparison with the women with GBS-colonization of the vagina and/or rectum. Microbiological efficiency of antibiotic therapy of GBS associated bacteriuria using amoxicillin/clavulanic acid exceeded 70%. Clinical efficiency of the therapy consisted in the reduction of preterm birth and preterm rupture of membranes by 25% and 40%, respectively. Conclusions. Antibiotic therapy of GBS associated bacteriuria results in a decrease of pregnancy complication, which necessitate its use. GBS-colonization of the vagina and rectum in pregnant women is transitory therefore antenatal screening for GBS aimed to prevent neonatal GBS-infection should be performed late in pregnancy or before delivery.

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Pregnancy vs. Paycheck: A qualitative study of patient’s experience with employment during pregnancy at high risk for preterm birth

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36777/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarahn M. Wheeler ◽

Kelley E. C. Massengale ◽

Konyin Adewumi ◽

Thelma A. Fitzgerald ◽

Carrie B. Dombeck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

High Risk ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Risk Pregnancy ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Pregnant women with a history of preterm birth are at risk for recurrence, often requiring frequent prenatal visits for close monitoring and/or preventive therapies. Employment demands can limit uptake and adherence to recommended monitoring and preterm birth prevention therapies. Method: We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews (IDIs) of pregnant women with a history of preterm birth. IDIs were conducted by trained qualitative interviewers following a semi-structured interview guide focused on uncovering barriers and facilitators to initiation of prenatal care, including relevant employment experiences, and soliciting potential interventions to improve prompt prenatal care initiation. The IDIs were analyzed via applied thematic analysis. Results: We described the interview findings that address women’s employment experiences. The current analysis includes 27 women who are majority self-described as non-Hispanic Black (74%) and publically insured (70%). Participants were employed in a range of professions; food services, childcare and retail were the most common occupations. Participants described multiple ways that being pregnant impacted their earning potential, ranging from voluntary work-hour reduction, involuntary duty hour reductions by employers, truncated promotions, and termination of employment. Participants also shared varying experiences with workplace accommodations to their work environment and job duties based on their pregnancy. Some of these accommodations were initiated by a collaborative employee/employer discussion, others were initiated by the employer’s perception of safe working conditions in pregnancy, and some accommodations were based on medical recommendations. Participants described supportive and unsupportive employer reactions to requests for accommodations. Conclusions: Our findings provide novel insights into women’s experiences balancing a pregnancy at increased risk for preterm birth with employment obligations. While many women reported positive experiences, the most striking insights came from women who described negative situations that ranged from challenging to potentially unlawful. Many of the findings suggest profound misunderstandings likely exist at the patient, employer and clinical provider level about the laws surrounding employment in pregnancy, safe employment responsibilities during pregnancy, and the range of creative accommodations that often allow for continued workplace productivity even during high risk pregnancy.

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